The most famous musical innovaters to come out of Pennsylvania are perhaps the Philly sound in 1970s soul music, Gamble & Huff, The O'Jays, Teddy Pendergrass, Harold Melvin and The Delphonics, as well as jazz legends like Nina Simone and John Coltrane. To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Alaska is a state of the United States. ... Alabama has played a central role in the development of both blues and country music. ... Arkansas is a Southern state of the United States. ... The Samoas are a Polynesian island chain, currently divided between the independent state of Samoa (formerly Western Samoa) and an American territory called American Samoa. ... Arizonas musical history has been heavily influenced by Mexican immigrants. ... In the United States, California is commonly associated with the film, music, and arts industries; there are numerous world-famous Californian musicians. ... Colorado is a state of the United States. ... Connecticut is a state of the United States in the New England region. ... The music of Washington D.C. is known for two primary scenes, hardcore and associated derivatives and a hip hop-dance music hybrid called go go. ... Delaware is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. ... Floridas ethnic diversity has led to a myriad of musical styles from punk rock to salsa and heavy metal being popular in various parts of the state. ... The Sacred Harp, first published in 1844, was compiled and produced by Georgians Benjamin Franklin White and Elisha J. King. ... Guam is an unincorporated territory of the United States. ... The music of Hawaii includes an array of traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. ... Music of Iowa Notable musicians from Iowa include Bix Beiderbecke and Greg Brown. ... Idaho has produced a number of musicians, including pop star Paul Revere and Doug Martsch of Built to Spill. ... Illinois, which includes Chicago, the third-largest city in the United States, has a wide musical heritage. ... The music of Indiana was strongly influenced by a large number of German and Irish immigrants who arrived in the 1830s. ... For many decades, Kansas has had a vibrant country and bluegrass scene. ... The Music of Kentucky is heavily centered on Appalachian folk music and its descendants, especially in eastern Kentucky. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... New England Conservatory of Music in Boston Massachusetts is a U.S. state in New England. ... Famous musicians from Maryland include Francis Scott Key, who wrote The Star-Spangled Banner and pop punksters Good Charlotte, from Waldorf. ... Maine is a state of the United States, located in New England. ... In Michigan, the city of Detroit has remained the capital of musical innovation for many years. ... Minnesota, and its largest city Minneapolis, are known for the multi-platinum soul singer Prince, as well as cult favorites The Replacements and Hüsker Dü and a large, vibrant polka community, fueled by immigration. ... St. ... The Northern Mariana Islands are an island chain dependency of the United States. ... Mississippi is best-known as the home of the blues, which developed among the freed African Americans in the latter half of the 19th century. ... Montana is a state of the United States. ... Most influentially, North Carolina country musicians like the North Carolina Ramblers helped solidify the sound of country in the late 1920s. ... The Music of North Dakota has followed general American trends over much of its history, beginning with ragtime and folk music, moving into Big Band and Jazz. ... Among the most famous Nebraskan artists are Little Joe & the Ramrods, a rock band, and Dickey Lee, a Nashville songwriter. ... New Hampshire is a state of the United States, located in the New England region. ... New Mexico is a state of the Southwest United States. ... For most outsiders, Nevadan music is probably most closely associated with lounge singers like Wayne Newton playing in Las Vegas. ... The biggest superstar from New Jersey is probably Bruce Springsteen, who became a 1980s icon with complex lyrical stories about teens growing up in Freehold and other economically depressed areas of New Jersey. ... In the United States, New York City has long been a musical hub and, in some ways, the musical capital of the country. ... The most famous musicians from Ohio are probably Marilyn Manson, Dean Martin and Chrissie Hynde of The Pretenders; the 19th century composer Daniel Emmett, born in Ohio to a Virginian family, wrote many of the most popular songs in his era, including some that remain well-known. ... While the music of Oklahoma is relatively young, Oklahoma having been a state for less than a hundred years, it has a rich history and many fine musicians. ... Oregons music scene is most active in Portland and the college town of Eugene. ... The music of Puerto Rico has been influenced by African and European (especially Spanish) forms, and has become popular across the Caribbean and in some communities worldwide. ... Rhode Island is a state of the United States, located in the New England region. ... South Carolina is one of the Southern United States, and has produced a number of renowned performers of country, bluegrass and other styles. ... The United States state of South Dakota has an official state song, Hail! South Dakota, written by DeeCort Hammitt. ... The story of Tennessees contribution to American music is essentially the story of two cities: Nashville and Memphis. ... Texas has long been a center for musical innovation. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Virginias musical contribution to American culture has been diverse, and includes Piedmont blues musicians and later rock and roll bands, many centered around college towns like Blacksburg, Charlottesville (home of Dave Matthews Band) and Richmond. ... The Virgin Islands are partially controlled by the United Kingdom and the United States, and have had long-standing cultural ties to the island nations to the south as well as to various European colonialists. ... Vermont is a state in the United States. ... The U.S. state of Washington includes several major hotbeds of musical innovation. ... Perhaps the most influential musical output of Wisconsin came from Port Washington, Ozaukee County during the 1920s, when Paramount Records released a series of blues and jazz recordings. ... West Virginias folk heritage is a part of the Appalachian folk music tradition, and includes styles of fiddling and other techniques reminiscent of Scotch-Irish music. ... The first music of Wyoming was played by various Native Americans tribes in the present-day U.S. state of Wyoming. ... Official language(s) None Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Area  Ranked 33rd  - Total 46,055 sq. ... The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, inclusive. ... Soul music is a combination of rhythm and blues and gospel which began in the late 1950s in the United States. ... Kenneth Gamble (born on August 11, 1943 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) and Leon Huff (born in 1942 in Camden, New Jersey) are an American songwriting and record production team. ... The OJays are a popular Philadelphia soul group, originally consisting of Walter Williams, Bill Isles, Bobby Massey, William Powell and Eddie Levert. ... Theodore DeReese (Teddy) Pendergrass, Sr. ... Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes were one of the most popular Philly soul groups of the 1970s. ... The Delfonics were a quintessential Philadelphia soul singing group, most popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s. ... Jazz is an original American musical art form originating around the start of the 20th century in New Orleans, rooted in Western music technique and theory, and is marked by the profound cultural contributions of African Americans. ... Eunice Kathleen Waymon, better known as Dr. Nina Simone (February 21, 1933 – April 21, 2003), was an American singer, songwriter and pianist. ... John Coltrane John William Coltrane (September 23, 1926 – July 17, 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. ...

Following the American Revolution, Philadelphia became especially renowned for musical development and was the home of the esteemed Alexander Reinagle, John Christopher Moller, Rayner Taylor and Susannah Haswell Rowson. Reinagle became the most influential figure in Philadelphia's musical life, organizing a number of concerts, organizations and musical events. Francis Hopkinson, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, was a notable composer of the period. One of his compositions, "My Days Have Been So Wondrous Free", is well-remembered as the first art song from the United States (though this is disputed); it is, however, lacking in originality and innovation to set it apart from European compositions. The American Revolution was an upheaval that ended British control of middle North America, resulting ultimately in the formation of the United States of America. ... Alexander Reinagle (April 23, 1756 - September 21, 1809) was an English and American composer during the late 1700s and early 1800s. ... Francis Hopkinson - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... A declaration of independence is a proclamation of the independence of an aspiring state or states. ...

During the 19th century, Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania became the birthplace of Stephen Foster, easily the most popular American songwriter of the century. Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ... Lawrenceville is a borough located in Tioga County, Pennsylvania. ... Stephen Foster Stephen Collins Foster (July 4, 1826 - January 13, 1864) was the pre-eminent songwriter in the United States of his era. ...

Religious music in the colonial era

Main article: Music of the United States before 1900 The influence of the music of African-Americans has most set the United States apart from that of Western Europe. ...

Rural Pennsylvania in the colonial era was home to religious minorities like the Quakers, as well as important Moravian and Lutheran communities. While the Quakers had few musical traditions, Protestant churches frequently made extensive use of music in worship J. F. Peter emerged from the Moravian tradition, while Conrad Beissel (founder of the Ephrata Cloister) innovated his own system of harmonic theory. The Lutheran traditions of Johann Sebastian Bach, Buxtehude, Johann Pachelbel and Walther were propagated in Pennsylvania, and the city of Bethlehem remains a center of Lutheran musical traditions today. The Religious Society of Friends, commonly known as Quakers, or Friends, is a religious community founded in England in the 17th century. ... Moravia in relation to the current kraje of the Czech Republic Moravia (Czech and Slovak: Morava, German: ( ), Hungarian: Morvaország, Polish: Morawy) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic. ... The Lutheran movement is a group of denominations of Protestant Christianity by the original definition. ... Johann Conrad Beissel (1690/91 - July 6, 1768) was the German-born religious leader who in 1732 founded the Ephrata Community in Pennsylvania. ... The Ephrata Cloister or Ephrata Community was a religious community established in 1732 by Johann Conrad Beissel at Ephrata, in what is now Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. ... Bach redirects here. ... Buxtehude is a town in Northern Germany in the district of Stade in the metropolitan area of Hamburg at the Este River. ... Johann Christoph Pachelbel [] (baptized September 1, 1653 – March 3, 1706) was an acclaimed Baroque composer, organist and teacher who brought the Southern German organ tradition to its peak. ... Map Political Statistics Founded 1741 County Lehigh and Northampton Counties Mayor John B. Callahan Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 50. ...

Mennonites

Main article: Mennonite The Mennonites are a group of Christian Anabaptist (Re-baptizers) denominations named after and influenced by the teachings and tradition of Menno Simons (1496-1561). ...

The Mennonites, followers of Menno Simons, settled in Germantown after emigrating from the German Palatinate and Switzerland between 1683 and 1748. They were led by Willem Rittinghuysen (grandfather of astronomer and mathematician David Rittenhouse). The Mennonites used a hymnbook from Schaffhausen, reprinted in Germantown in 1742 as Der Ausbund" Das ist etliche schöne christliche Lieder. Menno Simons (1496–1561) was an Anabaptist religious leader from the Dutch province of Friesland. ... Germantown is the name of five places in the State of Pennsylvania and a neighborhood in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Germantown, Adams County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Columbia County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Franklin County, Pennsylvania Germantown, Pike County, Pennsylvania See also: Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania This is a disambiguation page — a navigational... A palatinate is a territory administered by a count palatine, originally the direct representative of the sovereign, but later the hereditary ruler of the territory subject to the crowns overlordship. ... Events June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the worlds first university museum. ... Events April 24 - A congress assembles at Aix-la-Chapelle with the intent to conclude the struggle known as the War of Austrian Succession - at October 18 - The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle is signed to end the war Adam Smith begins to deliver public lectures in Edinburgh Building of... David Rittenhouse. ... Schaffhausen is a city in northern Switzerland; it has an estimated population of 33,527 as of March 31, 2005. ... // Events January 24 - Charles VII Albert becomes Holy Roman Emperor. ...

Ephrata Cloister

Main article: Ephrata Cloister The Ephrata Cloister or Ephrata Community was a religious community established in 1732 by Johann Conrad Beissel at Ephrata, in what is now Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. ...

The Ephrata Cloister (Community of the Solitary) was founded in what is now Lancaster County on the Cocalico River in 1720. This was a group of Seventh Day Baptists led by Peter Miller and Conrad Beissel, who believed in using music as an integral part of worship. Beissel codified the Ephrata Cloister's unique tradition in his Beissel's Dissertation on Harmony; here, he divided notes into two types. These were masters, or notes belonging to the common chord, and servants, or all other notes. Accented syllables in Beissel's works always fell on master notes, leaving servant notes for unaccented syllables. The Ephrata Cloister's hymnbook was large, consisting of more than 1,000 hymns, many of which were accompanied by instruments including the violin. Many of these hymns were published in the 1740s and 50s. Lancaster County is a county located in the south-central portion of the state of Pennsylvania in the Susquehanna Valley. ... // Events January 6 - The Committee of Inquiry on the South Sea Bubble publishes its findings February 11 - Sweden and Prussia sign the (2nd Treaty of Stockholm) declaring peace. ... Seventh Day Baptists are Christian Baptists who observe the Sabbath on Saturday, the seventh day of the week. ... Johann Conrad Beissel (1690/91 - July 6, 1768) was the German-born religious leader who in 1732 founded the Ephrata Community in Pennsylvania. ... Events and Trends The War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748) rages. ... Events and Trends Scientific navigation is developed The Seven Years War (1756-1763) fought between two rival alliances: the first consisting of the Kingdom of Great Britain, Hanover, and Prussia; the second consisting of Austria, France, Imperial Russia, Saxony, and Sweden. ...

Moravian Church

Main article: Moravian Church A Moravian is a Protestant belonging to a religious movement that originated in Moravia, Czech Republic. ...

Founded in 1457, the Moravian Church originally spread across Moravia, Poland and Bohemia before persecution forced the remaining faithful to Saxony, where they lived under the protection of Count Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. Zinzendorf wrote hymns, and led the Moravians to America, where they began missionary work in Georgia but with little success. They moved on to Pennsylvania, and founded the town of Bethlehem on the banks of the Lehigh River. A group then left for Salem, North Carolina (now a part of Winston-Salem). Events University of Freiburg founded. ... Moravia in relation to the current kraje of the Czech Republic Moravia (Czech and Slovak: Morava, German: ( ), Hungarian: Morvaország, Polish: Morawy) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic. ... Bohemia. ... The Free State of Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen; Sorbian: Swobodny Stata Sakska) is at a land area of 18,413 km² and a population of 4. ... Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf, Count of Zinzendorf and Pottendorf, (May 26, 1700 – May 9, 1760), German religious and social reformer, was born at Dresden. ... Map Political Statistics Founded 1741 County Lehigh and Northampton Counties Mayor John B. Callahan Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 50. ... The Lehigh River is a tributary of the Delaware River, approximately 103 miles (166 km) long, in eastern Pennsylvania in the United States. ... Nickname: Twin City Map Political Statistics Founded 1889 Incorporated 1913 County Forsyth County Mayor Allen Joines Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 283. ...

Both in Salem and Bethlehem, Moravians continued to use music in their ceremonies. Instruments included organs and trombones, and voices were usually in choirs. Players generally played on rooftops for most any occasion, ensuring that they could be heard for great distances. A legend has arisen claiming that a group of Native American warriors approachied a Moravian settlement during the French and Indian War, but left after hearing a trombone choir because they believed it to be the voice of their Great Spirit. Moravians were devoted to missionary work, especially among African slaves and Native Americans; in 1763, they published a collection of hymns in the Delaware language. The conflict resulted in Frances loss of most of its possessions in North America. ... Lenape (also called Delaware) is a language in the Algonquian language family spoken by the Lenape people. ...

Moravians also had a tradition of secular art music that included the famed composer Johann Friedrich Peter, who was a German born in Holland who emigrated to Bethlehem in 1770. He brought with him copies of compositions by Joseph Haydn, Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, Johann Stamitz and C. F. Abel. After living in Bethlehem for a time, Peter moved to Salem, where he founded the Collegium Musicum (in 1786) and collected hundreds of symphonies, anthems and oratorios. It was during this period that Peter also composed a number of well-respected instrumental pieces for twio violins, two violas and a cello; he also composed sacred anthems like "It Is a Precious Thing" and arias like "The Lord Is in His Holy Temple". It has been suggested that Papa Haydn be merged into this article or section. ... Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach (June 21, 1732—January 26, 1795), the ninth son of Johann Sebastian Bach, sometimes referred to as the Bückeburg Bach. Born at Leipzig, Germany, he was taught music by his father. ... Johann Wenzel Anton Stamitz (Czech: Jan Václav Stamic) (baptized June 30, 1717 – March 27, 1757) was a composer and violinist. ... Karl Friedrich Abel (December 22, 1723 – June 20, 1787) was a German composer of the Classical era. ... Collegium Musicum is a Latin term for a group of amateur musicians connected with a university. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... An anthem is a choral composition to an English religious text sung in church services. ... This article is about the musical term aria. ...

The Moravian Church continued to produce a number of renowned composers into the 19th century, including John Antes as well as Francis F. Hagen, Johann Christian Bechler, Edward W. Leinbach, Simon Peter, David Moritz Michael, Georg Gottfried Müller, Peter Wolle, Jeremiah Dencke and Johannes Herbst. Herbst was also a noted collector, whose archives, left to the Salem church after his death, were made public in 1977; these included more than 11,000 pages of content. Salem has gradually become the center for Moravian musical innovation, partially due to the presence of the Moravian Music Foundation. According to tradition, Peter was crucified upside-down, as shown in this painting by Caravaggio. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ...

Pietists

Main article: Pietism Pietism was a movement within Lutheranism, lasting from the late-17th century to the mid-18th century. ...

In 1694, Johannes Kelpius brought a group of German Pietists to the banks of the Wissahickon Creek. These became known as the Hermits or Mystics of the Wissahickon; this 1871 map of Wissahickon Creek notes a Kelpius spring and Hermits Glen. Kelpius was a musician, and he and his followers brought with them instruments that became an integral part of church life. Kelpius was also a composer, and is sometimes called the first Pennsylvanian composer, based on his unproven authorship of several hymns in The Lamenting Voice of the Hidden Love. It is likely that he wrote the text, though the tunes are mostly based on German songs; the English translations in the collection are attributed to Christopher Witt, an Englishman who immigrated and joined the mystics, also building them a pipe organ, said to be the first privately-owned organ in North America. Events February 6 - The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ... Johannes Kelpius (1673-1708), a German Pietist, mystic, musician, and writer, interested in the occult, botany, and astronomy, came to believe with his followers in the Society of the Woman in the Wilderness that the end of the world would occur in 1694. ... Pietism was a movement within Lutheranism, lasting from the late-17th century to the mid-18th century. ... Wissahickon Creek is a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania. ...

In 1703, Justus Falckner was ordained as pastor of the Gloria Dei Church; Falckner evidently believed that music was a very important element of missionary work, writing to Germany to ask for an organ, which he said would attract more Native American converts. Falckner was a Lutheran who wrote hymns such as "Rise, Ye Children of Salvation". Events February 2 - Earthquake in Aquila, Italy February 4 - In Japan, the 47 samurai commit seppuku (ritual suicide) February 14 - Earthquake in Norcia, Italy April 21 - Company of Quenching of Fire (ie. ...

Rock and Popular Music

The Sixties and Seventies

As mentioned, Philly Soul became a staple of 1970s R&B with such artists as Gamble & Huff, The O'Jays, Teddy Pendergrass, Harold Melvin and The Delphonics. Kenneth Gamble (born on August 11, 1943 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) and Leon Huff (born in 1942 in Camden, New Jersey) are an American songwriting and record production team. ... The OJays are a popular Philadelphia soul group, originally consisting of Walter Williams, Bill Isles, Bobby Massey, William Powell and Eddie Levert. ... Theodore DeReese (Teddy) Pendergrass, Sr. ... Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes were one of the most popular Philly soul groups of the 1970s. ... The Delfonics were a quintessential Philadelphia soul singing group, most popular in the late 1960s and early 1970s. ...

Hall & Oates were from Philadephia. Hall & Oates is the popular music duo made up of Daryl Hall and John Oates. ...

Rock music from western Pennsylvania tended to reflect a rust belt, white working class sensibility as far back as the mid-1960s. The Vogues from the Pittsburgh area scored with the hit "Five O'Clock World" and several other hits. The Jaggerz (named after a Pittsburgh English term for goofing off) had a hit in 1970 with "The Rapper". The Rust Belt, highlighted in red The Rust Belt, formerly known as the Manufacturing Belt, is an area in the northeastern and upper midwestern United States, roughly between Chicago and New York City, whose economy was formerly based largely on heavy industry, manufacturing, and associated industries. ... The Vogues were a singing quartet from Turtle Creek, Pennsylvania. ... Pittsburgh is the linguistic center of a dialect region within Midland American English, covering most of western Pennsylvania as well as parts of northern West Virginia, eastern Ohio, and a small area of western Maryland. ...

The Eighties and Nineties

Pennsylvania had a number of key entries into the music scene of the 1980s and 1990s.

Pittsburgh's Iron City Houserockers, kicked off the decade with immense critical acclaim for their first three albums (Love's So Tough, Have a Good Time But Get Out Alive and Blood On The Bricks). Associated with the heartland rock subgenre and with artists like Bruce Springsteen, Bob Seger, John Mellencamp and Tom Petty, the Houserockers were regarded by many as both grittier and more kinetic. Although commercial success eluded the group, leader Joe Grushecky and the later incarnation of the band remain popular regional artists. In the Houserockers' wake came a number of other Pittsburgh area bands, including Norman Nardini and the Tigers, whose minor hit "If You Don't Love Me (Someone Will)" put the band briefly on the pop map. More recent entries in the heartland rock scene (sometimes counted as Grushecky proteges) include Bill Toms and Hard Rain and Tom Breiding who have strong local followings. The Iron City Houserockers were a band from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from the late seventies until 1985. ... In the late 1970s and 1980s, one of the most popular forms of rock and roll was heartland rock. ... Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American rock and folk singer, songwriter, and guitarist. ... Bob Seger Robert Clark Bob Seger (born May 6, 1945 in Dearborn, Michigan) is an American rock musician who achieved his greatest success in the 1970s and 1980s. ... John Mellencamp, Circa 1996, from johnmellencamp. ... Tom Petty on the cover of Damn the Torpedoes. ... Tom Breiding is a musician originally from Wheeling, West Virginia who now resides in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. ...

Donnie Iris, former member of The Jaggerz, had national success in 1980 with "Ah! Leah!" and a string of subsequent minor hits from 1980 to 1984. Donnie Iris album, Donnie Iris was a former member of the group The Jaggerz (the one-hit wonder from 1970 responsible for the number-two hit The Rapper). After the Jaggerz broke up, Iris toured with Wild Cherry, whose 1976 hit Play That Funky Music had made them a hot...

The Hooters from Philadelphia broke into nationwide attention when they became the opening band at Live Aid where they performed "All You Zombies", soon to become their first hit single. The album Nervous Night followed with several more major hits like "And We Danced" and "Day By Day" in 1985 and 1986. The Hooters are an American band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... Live Aid at Wembley Stadium Live Aid was a multi-venue rock music concert held on July 13, 1985. ...

Hair metal band Poison were originally from the Harrisburg area, but as was common with hair metal bands, relocated to Los Angeles before becoming successful. Poison was also the name of both a shortlived British punk group who eventually became the thrash metal band Anihilated, and a German black metal band. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Classic Metal. ...

Punk rock

Philadelphia had a flourishing New Wave scene that included local acts The Vels, Executive Slacks and Regressive Aid. Hardcore punk had a significant scene as well, led by Sadistic Exploits along with MCRAD, Electric Love Muffin, Autistic Behavior and Informed Sources. Later bands like Zen Guerilla and Dead Milkmen gained some national success. Flag of Democracy have released seven albums since 1982 and toured the world. New Wave is a term that has been used to describe many developments in music, but is most commonly associated with a movement in American, Australian, British, Canadian and European popular music, in the late 1970s and early 1980s born out of the punk rock movement. ... Hardcore punk—also known as hardcore in the punk rock and heavy metal scenes—is a faster, heavier version of punk rock, characterized by short, loud, and often passionate songs. ... Sadistic Exploits is an American hardcore punk band which existed in the 1980s. ... Zen Guerrilla is a San Francisco-based rock band that started in the late 1980s. ... The Dead Milkmen was a satirical punk rock/pop band that formed in 1983 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Harrisburg's The Outrage and Pittsburgh's Real Enemy, Necracedia and Anti-Flag had a local hardcore following as well. Map Location in Pennsylvania Political Statistics Founded c. ... The Outrage is a 1964 film that copies the earlier Japanese film Rashomon (1950). ... Flag Seal Nickname: The Steel City Location Location in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania Government County Allegheny County Founded 1758 Mayor Bob OConnor Geographical characteristics Area    - City 151. ... Anti-Flag is a political punk rock band from Pittsburgh, which has existed in various forms since 1988. ...

Friction was a ska-core band from Lewistown, Pennsylvania, which evnetually morphed into New York City-based Caesar Pink and the Imperial Orgy. Although Friction enjoyed a large and dedicated following in Pennsylvania, they disbanded while on the verge of signing with a major lable, but not before their music was played to a world-wide audience on Radio Moscow in 1987. It has been suggested that Frictional force be merged into this article or section. ... Ska-Core is a blend of 1970s 2 tone ska with 1980s punk, although some bands within the genre, for instance, The Mighty Mighty Bosstones, play a mix between ska and metal music. ... Lewistown is the name of some places in the United States of America: Lewistown, Illinois Lewistown, Montana Lewistown, Ohio Lewistown, Pennsylvania Note also the places named Lewiston. ... A 1969 Radio Moscow QSL card Radio Moscow was the official international broadcasting station of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. ...

Will Smith is also from Philadelphia. Will Smith in the 2005 romantic comedy Hitch. ... Philadelphia is a village located in Jefferson County, New York. ...

References

Blush, Steven. American Hardcore: A Tribal History. Feral House. 2001. ISBN 0-922915-717-7