NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Mutiny on the Bounty

The mutiny on the Bounty was a mutiny aboard a Royal Navy ship on 28 April 1789 which has been made famous by several books, films, and other media such as songs. The mutiny was led by Fletcher Christian against the captain, William Bligh. Bligh was then cast adrift in a small open boat with 18 loyal men. The Mutiny on the Bounty was a historical event that inspired a novel and several films. ... The mutineers turning Lt Bligh and part of the officers and crew adrift from HMS Bounty, 29 April 1789 By: Robert Dodd [artist & engraver]; B B Evans [publisher] Date: 2 Oct 1790 Repro ID: B1337 Source: NMM (Copyright expired) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is... The mutineers turning Lt Bligh and part of the officers and crew adrift from HMS Bounty, 29 April 1789 By: Robert Dodd [artist & engraver]; B B Evans [publisher] Date: 2 Oct 1790 Repro ID: B1337 Source: NMM (Copyright expired) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is... is the 119th day of the year (120th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Robert Dodd (1748â€“1815) was a British marine painter and graphic artist. ... Mutiny is the act of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) are legally obliged to obey. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Fletcher Christian, an artists impression Fletcher Christian (September 25, 1764 â€“ October 3, 1793) was a Masters Mate on board the Bounty during William Blighs fateful voyage to Tahiti for breadfruit plants (see Mutiny on the Bounty). ... 1814 portrait of William Bligh Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS RN (9 September 1754 â€“ 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ...

A typical mutiny in the Royal Navy during the 18th century involved sailors simply refusing to obey certain orders until some condition was met, such as the receipt of overdue pay, and they most commonly took place when a ship was in port — essentially, a mutiny was the naval equivalent of a labour strike, and although technically punishable by death, often resulted in no punishment at all. The Spithead and Nore mutinies that took place several years after the Bounty were along the same line, but were larger and better organized. The mutiny on the Bounty, involving no demands from the crew, the seizure of a ship by violence, and setting the captain and loyal crew members adrift, was extremely unusual. Strike action (or simply strike) describes collective action undertaken by groups of workers in the form of a refusal to perform work. ... The Spithead and Nore mutinies were two major mutinies by sailors of the Royal Navy in 1797. ...

Background

His Majesty's Armed Vessel (HMAV) Bounty began her career as the collier Bethia, built in 1784 at the Blaydes shipyard near Hull. Later she was purchased by the Royal Navy for £2,600 on May 26, 1787 (JJ Colledge/D Lyon say 23rd May), refitted, and renamed Bounty.^[1] Look up collier in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Blaydes House Blaydes House is a Georgian house in High Street, Kingston upon Hull, England. ... Hull or Kingston upon Hull is a British city situated on the north bank of the Humber estuary. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... is the 146th day of the year (147th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

She was a relatively small sailing ship at 215 tons, three-masted and full-rigged. After conversion for the breadfruit expedition, she mounted only four four pounders (2 kg cannon) and ten swivel guns. Thus she was very small in comparison to other three-mast colliers used for similar expeditions: Cook's Endeavour displaced 368 tons and Resolution 462 tons. A full rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a square rigged sailing vessel with three or more masts, all of them square rigged. ... Binomial name Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg The Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a tree and fruit native to the Malay Peninsula and western Pacific islands. ... For other uses, see Cannon (disambiguation). ... The Swivel Gun is a mounted ships cannon, able to turn and pivot. ... HMB Endeavour was a small 18th century British sailing ship, famous for being the vessel commanded by Lt. ... Resolution and Adventure with fishing craft in Matavai Bay by William Hodges, painted 1776, shows the two ships at anchor in Tahiti in August 1773. ...

General characteristics

The only two men ever to command her as the Bounty were Lieutenant William Bligh and Fletcher Christian, the latter of whom illegally took command through mutiny. Bligh was appointed Commanding Lieutenant of Bounty on 16 August 1787, at the age of 33, after a career that included a tour as sailing master of James Cook's HMS Resolution during Cook's third voyage (1776-1779). Though commonly portrayed as the epitome of abusive sailing captains, this portrayal has recently come into dispute. Caroline Alexander, in her book The Bounty points out that Bligh was relatively lenient compared with other British naval officers. Bligh received the appointment because he was considered an exceptionally capable naval officer—an evaluation that would prove to be correct. He enjoyed the patronage of Sir Joseph Banks, a wealthy botanist and influential figure in Britain at the time. That, and his experience sailing with Cook and familiarity with navigation in the area and local customs, were probably prime factors in his appointment. Download high resolution version (921x615, 89 KB)Bounty Armed Transport illustrated in William Blighs 1792 From http://www. ... Download high resolution version (921x615, 89 KB)Bounty Armed Transport illustrated in William Blighs 1792 From http://www. ... 1814 portrait of William Bligh Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS RN (9 September 1754 â€“ 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ... Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive and distribute cultural works. ... Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... 1814 portrait of William Bligh Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS RN (9 September 1754 â€“ 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ... Fletcher Christian, an artists impression Fletcher Christian (September 25, 1764 â€“ October 3, 1793) was a Masters Mate on board the Bounty during William Blighs fateful voyage to Tahiti for breadfruit plants (see Mutiny on the Bounty). ... is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... This article is about the British explorer. ... Resolution in a gale by Willem van de Velde, the younger depicts the first Resolution c. ... For clothing store, see JoS. A. Bank Clothiers. ... This article is about the British explorer. ...

The ship had been purchased by the Royal Navy for a single mission in support of an experiment: they were to travel to Tahiti, pick up breadfruit plants, and transport them to the West Indies in hopes that they would grow well there and become a cheap source of food for slaves. The experiment was proposed by Sir Joseph Banks, who recommended Bligh as commander, and was promoted through a prize offered by the Royal Society of Arts. This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... Tahiti is the largest island in the Windward group of the French Polynesia, located in the archipelago of Society Islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. ... Binomial name Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg The Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a tree and fruit native to the Malay Peninsula and western Pacific islands. ... The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... Slave redirects here. ... The Royal Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) is a British multi-disciplinary institution, based in London. ...

In June 1787, Bounty was refitted at Deptford. The great cabin was converted to house the potted breadfruit plants, and gratings fitted to the upper deck. Her complement was 46 officers and men. This article is about the district in London. ...

On 23 December 1787, Bounty sailed from Spithead for Tahiti. For a full month, she attempted to round Cape Horn, but adverse weather blocked her. Bligh ordered her turned about, and proceeded east, rounding the Cape of Good Hope and crossing the width of the Indian Ocean. During the outward voyage, Bligh demoted the ship's Sailing Master, John Fryer, replacing him with Fletcher Christian, whom he appointed acting Lieutenant. This act seriously damaged the relationship between Bligh and Fryer, and Fryer would later claim Bligh's act was entirely personal. is the 357th day of the year (358th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1787 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Categories: UK geography stubs ... Tahiti is the largest island in the Windward group of the French Polynesia, located in the archipelago of Society Islands in the southern Pacific Ocean. ... Cape Horn from the South. ... For other uses, see Cape of Good Hope (disambiguation). ... Master Mariner is the official title of someone qualified to command a ship; the qualification is colloquially called a Masters Ticket. The term was introduced in the mid 19th century, and is usually held by the chief officer/first mate as well as the captain). ... John Fryer (15th August 1753 - 26th May 1817) was the Sailing Master on the HMAV Bounty, a British vessel made famous by the Mutiny on the Bounty. ... Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ...

Bounty reached Tahiti on 26 October 1788, after ten months at sea. is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1788 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...

Bligh and his crew spent five months in Tahiti, then called Otaheite, collecting and preparing a total of 1015 breadfruit plants. Bligh allowed the crew to live ashore and care for the potted breadfruit plants, and they became socialized to the customs and culture of the Tahitians. Many of the seamen and some of the "young gentlemen" had themselves tattooed in native fashion. Master's Mate and Acting Lieutenant Fletcher Christian married Maimiti, a Tahitian woman. Other warrant officers and seamen of the Bounty were also said to have formed "connections" with native women.

Bligh was not surprised by his crew's reaction to the Tahitians. He recorded his analysis (spelling and capitalisation is retained as in the original):

Three crewmen deserted and were recaptured (Millward, Muspratt & Churchill). Instead of hanging them, as the crime of desertion was usually punished, Bligh ordered them flogged. All three would be among the mutineers. Hanging is the suspension of a person by a ligature, usually a cord wrapped around the neck, causing death. ... Whipping on a post Flagellation is the act of whipping (Latin flagellum, whip) the human body. ...

Image File history File links WilliamBligh. ... 1814 portrait of William Bligh Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS RN (9 September 1754 â€“ 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ...

Crew complement

In the 18th century Royal Navy, rank and position onboard ship was defined by a mix of two hierarchies, an official hierarchy of ranks (commissioned officers, warrant officers, petty officers, and seamen) and a conventionally-recognized social divide between gentlemen and non-gentlemen.

At the top of the official rank hierarchy were the commissioned officers — on a larger warship, the commissioned officers included the captain, several lieutenants to command watches, and the officers commanding the Royal Marines on board the ship. The Bounty, however, carried no marines, and no commissioned officers other than Lieutenant Bligh himself, who served as master and commander of the ship. As he was effectively the captain he occupied a private cabin. In the military, a commissioned officer is a member of the service who derives authority directly from a sovereign power, and as such holds a commission from that power. ... The Royal Marines (RM) are the marines and amphibious infantry of the United Kingdom and, along with the Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary, form the Naval Service [2]. They are also the United Kingdoms amphibious force and specialists in mountain and Arctic warfare. ...

Next below the commissioned officers came the warrant officers, such as the sailing master, master's mates, surgeon, boatswain, purser, and gunner, who were as likely to be considered skilled tradesmen rather than gentlemen. As the senior warrant officers, the sailing master and his mates were entitled to berth with the lieutenants in the wardroom (though in this case there were no lieutenants there); other warrant officers berthed in the gunroom. Like commissioned officers, warrant officers had the right of access to the quarterdeck and were immune from punishment by flogging. They held their warrants directly from the navy, and the captain could not alter their rank. Roman Catholics were allowed to serve as warrant officers, but not as commissioned officers. For Warrant Officers in the United States military, see Warrant Officer (United States). ... The Wardroom is the officers mess in a warship. ... A gunroom is the junior officers mess on a naval vessel. ... Quarterdeck Office Systems, later Quarterdeck Corporation, was an American computer software company. ... Whipping on a post Flagellation is the act of whipping (Latin flagellum, whip) the human body. ...

Below the warrant officers came the petty officers, who were technically ratings like the seamen. The petty officers included two separate groups: young gentlemen training to be future commissioned officers, often serving as midshipmen or master's mates, and tradesmen working as skilled assistants to the warrant officers. Although the young gentlemen technically were ratings, holding a rank below warrant officers at the mercy of the captain, as aspiring future commissioned officers they were considered socially superior and were often given a watch (with authority over some warrant officers) or a minor command. A midshipman is a subordinate officer, or alternatively a commissioned officer of the lowest rank, in the navies of several English-speaking countries. ...

Finally, at the bottom of the social tree were the seamen, divided into Able Seamen and Ordinary Seamen. Aboard some vessels, an even lower grade existed called Landsman, who were seamen-in-training with very little or no naval skill. Note, however, that the young gentlemen might also be rated as seamen rather than midshipmen on the ship's books, though they were still considered the social superiors of the seamen, petty officers (excluding other young gentlemen), and most warrant officers, and could be given authority over them. Seaman can be a generic term for sailor. ... This article is about a civilian occupation. ... Main article: Seafarers professions and ranks In the United States Merchant Marine, an Ordinary Seaman or OS is an entry-level position in a ships deck department. ...

Commissioned Officers

1814 portrait of William Bligh Vice-Admiral William Bligh FRS RN (9 September 1754 â€“ 7 December 1817) was an officer of the British Royal Navy and colonial administrator. ...

Senior Warrant Officers

John Fryer (15th August 1753 - 26th May 1817) was the Sailing Master on the HMAV Bounty, a British vessel made famous by the Mutiny on the Bounty. ... Master Mariner is the official title of someone qualified to command a ship; the qualification is colloquially called a Masters Ticket. The term was introduced in the mid 19th century, and is usually held by the chief officer/first mate as well as the captain). ... Fletcher Christian, an artists impression Fletcher Christian (September 25, 1764 â€“ October 3, 1793) was a Masters Mate on board the Bounty during William Blighs fateful voyage to Tahiti for breadfruit plants (see Mutiny on the Bounty). ...

Other Warrant Officers

This article is about the medical specialty. ... The boatswain on a modern merchant ship supervising cargo operations. ... This article is about the military rank. ... Gunner refers to a rank in the Royal Artillery, or can refer to anyone whose main job is to operate a gun. ... An armorer or armourer (US English/Commonwealth English) was in former times a smith who specialized in manufacturing and repairing arms and armor. ... Quartermaster is a term usually referring to a military unit which specializes in supplying and provisioning troops, or to an individual who does the same. ... The USS Monongahela (1862), an exemplar of the 19th century sailmakers craft A sailmaker is a person who makes and repairs sails for sailboats, typically working on shore in a sail loft. ... Assembly of a barrel in progress A cooper readies, or rounds off, the end of a barrel using a coopers hand adze at the Van Ryn Brandy Cellar near Stellenbosch, South Africa Traditionally, a cooper is someone who makes wooden staved vessels of a conical form, of greater length than... Carpenter at work in Tennessee, June 1942. ... Botany is the scientific study of plant life. ...

Midshipmen

A midshipman on the HMAV Bounty. ... 2nd Lieutenant Thomas Hayward (1767- 1798?) was a British sailor who was present during the Mutiny on the Bounty. ...

Midshipmen Mustered as Able Seamen

Captain Peter Heywood (1772- 1831) was a British seaman and mutineer best known for being part of the Mutiny on the Bounty. ... Edward Young (1766–1800), also known as Ned Young, was a British sailor and co-founder of the Pitcairn Island settlement. ...

Petty Officers

James Morrison (1760 - 1807) was a British seaman and mutineer who took part in the Mutiny on the Bounty. ...

Able Seamen

Crew members' biographical information may be found on the Bounty's Crew Encyclopedia page at the Pitcairn Islands Study Centre (PISC). John Adams John Adams (1768?â€“5 March 1829) was the last survivor of the Bounty mutineers who settled on Pitcairn Island in January 1790, the year after the mutiny. ... William McCoy (born approximately 1763, died April 20, 1798) was a Scottish sailor and a mutineer onboard the HMAV Bounty. ... Matthew Quintal (1776â€“1799) was an able seaman and mutineer aboard the HMS Bounty. ...

The mutiny

In her ill-fated voyage, The Bounty left Tahiti on 4 April 1789. On 28 April 1789, in Tonga (some 1300 miles west of Tahiti), Fletcher Christian led the famous mutiny. From all accounts, Christian and several of his followers entered Bligh's cabin, which he always left unlocked, awakened him, and pushed him on deck wearing only his nightshirt, where he was guarded by Christian holding a bayonet. When Bligh entreated with Christian to be reasonable, Christian would only reply, "I am in hell, I am in hell!" Despite strong words and threats heard on both sides, the ship was taken bloodlessly and apparently without struggle by any of the loyalists except Bligh himself. Of the 42 men on board aside from Bligh and Christian, 18 joined Christian in mutiny, two were passive, and 22 remained loyal to Bligh. The mutineers ordered Bligh, the ship's master, two midshipmen, the surgeon's mate (Ledward), and the ship's clerk into Bounty's launch. Several more men voluntarily joined Bligh rather than remaining aboard, as they knew that those who remained on board would be considered de facto mutineers under the Articles of War. is the 94th day of the year (95th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1789 (MDCCLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Mutiny is the act of conspiring to disobey an order that a group of similarly-situated individuals (typically members of the military; or the crew of any ship, even if they are civilians) are legally obliged to obey. ... Dinghy of the schooner Adventuress A dinghy is a small utility boat attached to a larger boat. ...

In all, 18 of the loyal crew were in the launch with Bligh; the other four were forced to stay and man the ship with the mutineers. The mutiny took place about 30 nautical miles (56 km) from Tofua (Bligh spelled it Tofoa). The first island on which Bligh and his loyalists attempted to land was Tofua. They had sought refuge in a cave (which they called "Murderers' Cove") in order to augment their meager provisions. ^[2] The only casualty during his voyage was a crewman, John Norton, who was stoned to death by some natives of Tofua. Tofua Caldera, in Tonga, is the summit caldera of a steep-sided composite cone that forms Tofua Island. ...

In a remarkable feat of seamanship and navigation, Bligh navigated the overcrowded 23 foot (7 m) open launch on an epic 47-day voyage first to Tofua and then to Timor equipped only with a sextant and a pocket watch, with no charts or compass. He recorded the distance as 3,618 nautical miles (6710 km). He passed through the difficult Torres Strait along the way and landed on June 14.^[3] Shortly after the launch reached Timor the cook and botanist passed away. Three other crewmen died in the coming months. Timor is an island at the south end of the Malay Archipelago, divided between the independent state of East Timor, and West Timor, part of the Indonesian province of East Nusa Tenggara with the surface of 11,883 sq mi (30,777 kmÂ²). The name is a variant of timur... A sextant is a measuring instrument generally used to measure the angle of elevation of a celestial object above the horizon. ... This article is about the portable timepiece. ... Torres Strait and islands The Torres Strait - Cape York Peninsula is at the bottom; several of the Torres Strait Islands can be seen strung out towards Papua New Guinea to the north. ...

Meanwhile, the mutineers sailed for the island of Tubuai, where they tried to settle. After three months of terrorizing the natives, however, they returned to Tahiti to put 16 of the crew ashore. Christian, eight other crewmen, six Tahitian men, and 11 women, one with a baby, set sail in Bounty hoping to elude the Royal Navy. According to a journal kept by one of Christian's followers, the Tahitians were actually kidnapped when Christian set sail without warning them, the purpose of this being to acquire the women. Tubuai is a the name of a group of islands and also the name of its main island, being part of the Austral Islands, French Polynesia, in the Pacific Ocean. ...

The mutineers passed through the Fiji and Cook Islands, but feared that they would be found there. Moving on, they rediscovered Pitcairn Island, which had been misplaced on the Royal Navy's charts. On 23 January 1790, they burned the ship in what is now Bounty Bay. Some of her remains, such as her ballast stones, are still partially visible in its waters. Her rudder is displayed in the Fiji Museum in Suva. An anchor of the "HMS Bounty" was recovered by Luis Marden in Bounty Bay. is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Bounty Bay is an embayment of the Pacific Ocean into Pitcairn Island. ... Luis Marden (born Annibale Luigi Paragallo) (January 25, 1913â€”March 3, 2003) was an Italian-American photographer, explorer, writer, filmmaker, diver, navigator, and linguist who worked for National Geographic Magazine. ...

Aftermath of the mutiny

Return to England and court-martial

Lieutenant Bligh returned to England and reported the mutiny to the Admiralty on 15 March 1790. HMS Pandora, under the command of Captain Edward Edwards, was dispatched on 7 November 1790 to search for Bounty and the mutineers. Pandora carried twice the normal complement, as it was expected that the extras would man the Bounty when it was recovered from the mutineers. Pandora reached Tahiti on 23 March 1791. Two of the mutineers died in Tahiti between 1789 and 1790 - Matthew Thompson shot Charles Churchill and was therefore stoned to death by Churchill's Tahitian family in an act of vendetta. Four of the men from the Bounty came on board Pandora soon after its arrival, and ten more were arrested in a few weeks. These fourteen, mutineers and loyal crew alike, were imprisoned in a makeshift cell on Pandora's deck, which they derisively called "Pandora's Box". Flag of the Lord High Admiral The Admiralty was formerly the authority in the United Kingdom responsible for the command of the Royal Navy. ... is the 74th day of the year (75th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... HMS Pandora was a 24-gun frigate of the Royal Navy, built by Adams and Barnard at Deptford, and launched on 17 May 1779. ... Admiral Edward Edwards (1742-1815) was a British naval officer best known as being the captain of HMS Pandora, which was sent in pursuit of the HMAV Bounty mutineers. ... is the 311th day of the year (312th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1790 (MDCCXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Pandoras Box is the box entrusted to the mythological figures Epimetheus and his wife Pandora. ...

Even before Edwards had returned from his search for Bounty, HMS Providence and her tender Assistant began a second voyage to collect breadfruit trees on 3 August 1791. This mission was again championed by Joseph Banks and again commanded by Bligh, now promoted to Captain Bligh. On this second voyage they successfully collected 2,126 breadfruit plants and hundreds of other botanical specimens and delivered them to the West Indies. Unfortunately, the slaves on Jamaica refused to eat the breadfruit plant, so the main purpose of the expedition was ultimately fruitless. Departing Tahiti on 19 July 1792, Bligh once again successfully navigated the Torres Strait. The HMS Providence was a British naval vessel of the 18th century. ... is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... is the 200th day of the year (201st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Torres Strait and islands The Torres Strait - Cape York Peninsula is at the bottom; several of the Torres Strait Islands can be seen strung out towards Papua New Guinea to the north. ...

On 8 May 1791, Pandora left Tahiti, spending about three months visiting islands to the west of Tahiti in search of Bounty and the remaining mutineers, without finding anything except flotsam (including some spars and a yard on Palmerston Island). Heading west through the Torres Strait, Pandora ran aground on a reef (part of the Great Barrier Reef) on 29 August 1791. The ship sank the next day, and 31 of the crew and four of the prisoners (Skinner, Sumner, Stewart and Hillbrandt) were lost. The remaining 89 of the ship's company and ten prisoners (released from their cage at the last moment) assembled in four small launches and sailed for Timor, arriving there on 16 September 1791. is the 128th day of the year (129th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Categories: Stub ... This article is about the convenience store. ... Torres Strait and islands The Torres Strait - Cape York Peninsula is at the bottom; several of the Torres Strait Islands can be seen strung out towards Papua New Guinea to the north. ... The Great Barrier Reef is the worlds largest coral reef system,[1][2] composed of roughly 3,000 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for 2,600 kilometres (1,616 mi) over an area of approximately 344,400 square kilometres (132,974 sq mi). ... is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ... is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1791 (MDCCXCI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

After being repatriated to England, the ten prisoners were tried by a naval court. During the trial, great importance was attached to which men had been seen to be holding weapons during the critical moments of the mutiny, as under the Articles of War, failure to act when able to prevent a mutiny was considered no different from being an active mutineer. In the judgment delivered on 18 September 1792, four men whom Bligh had designated as innocent were acquitted. Two were found guilty, but pardoned; one of these was Peter Heywood, who later rose to the rank of captain himself. Another was reprieved due to a legal technicality, and later also received a pardon. The other three men were convicted and hanged. In other trials, both Bligh and Edwards were court-martialled for the loss of their ships (an automatic proceeding under British naval law, and not indicative of any particular suspicion of guilt), and both were acquitted. is the 261st day of the year (262nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Captain Peter Heywood (1772- 1831) was a British seaman and mutineer best known for being part of the Mutiny on the Bounty. ...

Bligh resumed his naval career and went on to attain the rank of Vice Admiral. However, his career was marked by another challenge to his authority when he was a Governor of New South Wales; in 1808 the troops of New South Wales arrested Bligh in an incident known as the Rum Rebellion. NSW redirects here. ... This article is about the Australian rebellion. ...

Fate of the mutineers

After the decision was made to settle on Pitcairn, livestock and other provisions were removed from the Bounty. To prevent the ship's detection, and anyone's possible escape, the ship was burned in "Bounty Bay".

The Pitcairn island community began its life with hope for the future. There was ample food, water and land for everyone, and the climate was mild. Although many of the Polynesians were homesick, and the Englishmen knew they were marooned on Pitcairn forever, they settled into life on Pitcairn fairly quickly. A number of children were born. Fletcher Christian became the established leader of the community, and followed a policy of fairness and moderation toward all. He wanted the Polynesians to have an equal say in community affairs, and was supported in this by several of the Englishmen. Other mutineers, however, treated the Polynesians as servants, even those of high rank, and attempted to deprive them of land.

The natives resented this unfair treatment, which caused relationships between the Englishmen and the Polynesians to deteriorate. The hostility increased when Jack William's wife died, and one of the Polynesians' consorts was "given" to Williams as a "replacement". Despite Fletcher Christian's efforts to maintain peace, the Polynesian men revolted against their English oppressors.

In 1793, a war broke out on Pitcairn Island between the mutineers and the Tahitian men who sailed with them. Four of the mutineers (John Williams, Isaac Martin, John Mills and William Brown) and Fletcher Christian, were killed by the Tahitians; all six of the Tahitian men were killed during the fighting; William McCoy died after a drunken fall; Matthew Quintal was killed by John Adams and Ned Young after threatening to kill the whole community; and Ned Young died in 1800 of asthma. Of the eleven Tahitian women, two died in falls while gathering eggs from a cliff. Year 1793 (MDCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Fletcher Christian, an artists impression Fletcher Christian (September 25, 1764 â€“ October 3, 1793) was a Masters Mate on board the Bounty during William Blighs fateful voyage to Tahiti for breadfruit plants (see Mutiny on the Bounty). ... William McCoy may refer to several people; William S. McCoy, American rum-runner during Prohibition William McCoy (congressman), American politician William McCoy, Scottish mutineer on HMS Bounty William McCoy (army chaplain) William Frederick McCoy, Speaker of the Northern Ireland House of Commmons Category: ... Matthew Quintal (1776â€“1799) was an able seaman and mutineer aboard the HMS Bounty. ... Edward Young (1766–1800), also known as Ned Young, was a British sailor and co-founder of the Pitcairn Island settlement. ... // ON MAY 5 1853 MR.FADER HAD SEX WITH A MAN NAME MR WIEN THEN THEY HAD SON NAMEDMRS COTURE AND MR MANOOGIAN WENT INTO MRS HASKELLS OFFICE NAKED AND DANCED AROUND AND MASTERBATED ON HER CHEST AND SHE LICKED IT OFF THEN THEY HAD ORAL SEEX WITH NAPLOEAN OF...

When the American sailing ship Topaz, commanded by Mayhew Folger, reached Pitcairn Island in 1808, only John Adams, nine women, and some children still lived. Mayhew Folger was the Captain of the sealing ship Topaz that rediscovered the Pitcairn Islands in 1808. ... John Adams John Adams (1768?â€“5 March 1829) was the last survivor of the Bounty mutineers who settled on Pitcairn Island in January 1790, the year after the mutiny. ...

Fletcher Christian was survived by Maimiti and their son Thursday October Christian. Rumours persist that Fletcher left the island and made it back to England. In 1825, John Adams was granted amnesty for his mutiny; Pitcairn's capital, Adamstown, is named for him. On 30 November 1838, the Pitcairn Islands (which include the uninhabited islands of Henderson, Ducie, and Oeno) were incorporated into the British Empire. Thursday October Christian (I) Thursday October Christian (October 14, 1790–April 21, 1831) was the first son of Fletcher Christian (leader of the mutiny on the HMAV Bounty) and his Tahitian wife Maimiti. ... Look up Amnesty in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... is the 334th day of the year (335th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... | JÃ¶ns Jakob Berzelius, discoverer of protein 1838 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The British Empire in 1897, marked in pink, the traditional colour for Imperial British dominions on maps. ...

Christian's death caused a leadership vacuum on the island. Two of the four surviving mutineers, Ned Young and Alex Smith (John Adams), assumed the leadership role, and an uneasy peace followed until William McCoy created a still and began brewing an alcoholic beverage from a native plant. The Englishmen began drinking excessively and making life miserable for the Pitcairn women. The women revolted, and some attempted to leave the island. Life in Pitcairn became progressively worse until the deaths of McCoy and Quintal, and the destruction of the still. Eventually Alex Smith and Ned Young were reconciled with the women, and the community began to flourish. After Young's death in 1800, Alex Smith, who is also known by the name of John Adams, assumed the role as leader of the community, and took responsibility for educating its members. Smith/Adams started holding regular Sunday services and teaching the Christian religion to the settlement. His gentleness and tolerance enabled the small community to thrive, and peace was restored to Pitcairn Island at last.

In 1808, the American sailing ship Topaz called at Pitcairn Island, and discovered the home of the Bounty's mutineers. From that time on, contact of some form has been maintained with the Pitcairn Islanders.

As of 2007, Pitcairn Islands is a British Overseas Territory with a small population of about 50 inhabitants. A United Kingdom overseas territory (formerly known as a dependent territory or earlier as a crown colony) is a territory that is under the sovereignty and formal control of the United Kingdom but is not part of the United Kingdom proper (almost exclusively Great Britain and Northern Ireland). ...

The mutiny in literature and cinema

A trilogy of novels (Mutiny on the "Bounty", Men Against the Sea, and Pitcairn's Island), as well as the movies and television shows based on them, relate fictionalized versions of the mutiny. The 1962 movie has Fletcher Christian dying in the fire aboard Bounty. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 428 Ã— 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (540 Ã— 756 pixel, file size: 38 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) movie still from Mutiny on the Bounty, with Charles Laughton as Bligh This image is a screenshot from a copyrighted film, and the... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 428 Ã— 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (540 Ã— 756 pixel, file size: 38 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) movie still from Mutiny on the Bounty, with Charles Laughton as Bligh This image is a screenshot from a copyrighted film, and the... Charles Laughton (1 July 1899 â€“ 15 December 1962) was an English stage and film actor. ... Mutiny on the Bounty is the title of the 1932 novel by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall, based on the mutiny against Lieutenant William Bligh, commanding officer of HMAV Bounty in 1789. ... Men Against the Sea is the second installment in the trilogy by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall about the mutiny aboard HMAV Bounty. ...

The second movie version was the Australian film In the Wake of the Bounty (1933), starring Errol Flynn as Fletcher Christian. The next movie was Mutiny on the Bounty (1935), which won the Oscar for Best Picture that year. It starred Charles Laughton as Bligh and Clark Gable as Christian. In the Wake of the Bounty (1933) ... Errol Leslie Thomson Flynn (June 20, 1909 â€“ October 14, 1959) was an Australian film actor, most famous for his romantic swashbuckler roles in Hollywood films and his flamboyant lifestyle. ... Mutiny on the Bounty, based on the 1932 novel by Charles Nordhoff, is a 1935 film starring Charles Laughton, Clark Gable and Franchot Tone. ... Academy Award The Academy Awards, popularly known as the Oscars, are the most prominent and most watched film awards ceremony in the world. ... Charles Laughton (1 July 1899 â€“ 15 December 1962) was an English stage and film actor. ... William Clark Gable (February 1, 1901 â€“ November 16, 1960) was an Academy Award-winning American film actor. ...

Another Mutiny on the Bounty was released in 1962, starring Trevor Howard as Bligh and Marlon Brando as Christian. (This version was considered definitive for at least a generation.) Mutiny on the Bounty, based on the 1932 novel by Charles Nordhoff, is a 1962 film starring Marlon Brando and Trevor Howard. ... Trevor Howard, CBE (29 September 1913 â€“ 7 January 1988), born Trevor Wallace Howard-Smith, was an English movie, stage and television actor. ... Marlon Brando, Jr. ...

A fifth film, The Bounty (1984), starred Anthony Hopkins as William Bligh and Mel Gibson as Fletcher Christian. Of all the films portraying the mutiny, the 1984 version is generally agreed to hold the most historical accuracy. See Bounty for other uses of Bounty. The Bounty is a 1984 drama film with Mel Gibson and Anthony Hopkins based on the 1973 book by Richard Alexander Hough, which itself was based on a historical event. ... For the composer, see Antony Hopkins. ... Mel Columcille Gerard Gibson (born January 3, 1956) is an American-Australian actor, Academy Award winning director and producer. ...

The Simpsons portrayed the "Mutiny on the Bounty" story in the episode "The Wettest Stories Ever Told". Simpsons redirects here. ... The Wettest Stories Ever Told is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsonsâ€™ seventeenth season. ...

In Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home, Admiral James T. Kirk and the crew of the late Starship Enterprise decide to return to Earth to face a court martial for having stolen the Enterprise to rescue their friend Captain Spock. They return to earth in a captured Klingon Bird-Of-Prey, which Leonard McCoy re-names HMS Bounty. Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home (Paramount Pictures, 1986; see also 1986 in film) is the fourth feature film based on the popular Star Trek science fiction television series. ... James Tiberius Kirk, played by William Shatner, is the main character in the original Star Trek television series and the films based on it. ... A comparison of the Enterprise with other ships and buildings (see image description for more detail) The USS Enterprise, (NCC-1701) is a fictional starship in the television series Star Trek, which chronicles the vessels mission to explore strange new worlds; to seek out new life and new civilizations... This article is about the Star Trek character. ... Dr. Leonard H. McCoy (nicknamed Bones), played by DeForest Kelley, is a character in the original Star Trek series, and the first six Star Trek films. ...

Val McDermid explores the fate of Fletcher Christian in her novel The Grave Tattoo. Val McDermid (born June 4, 1955) is a Scottish crime writer. ...

Rasputina wrote a song about the fate of the mutineers called Choose Me For A Champion. Rasputina is a varying collection of cellists playing alternative rock. ...

Discovery of the wreck of the Bounty

Luis Marden discovered the remains of the Bounty in January 1957. After spotting a rudder from this ship in a museum on Fiji, he persuaded his editors and writers to let him dive off Pitcairn Island, where the rudder had been found. Despite the warnings of one islander -"Man, you gwen be dead as a hatchet!" ^[4] — Marden dove for several days in the dangerous swells near the island, and found the remains of the fabled ship. He subsequently met with Marlon Brando to counsel him on his role as Fletcher Christian in the 1962 film Mutiny on the Bounty. Later in life, Marden wore cuff links made of nails from the Bounty. Luis Marden (born Annibale Luigi Paragallo) (January 25, 1913â€”March 3, 2003) was an Italian-American photographer, explorer, writer, filmmaker, diver, navigator, and linguist who worked for National Geographic Magazine. ... The Louvre Museum in Paris, one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. ... Marlon Brando, Jr. ... Fletcher Christian, an artists impression Fletcher Christian (September 25, 1764 â€“ October 3, 1793) was a Masters Mate on board the Bounty during William Blighs fateful voyage to Tahiti for breadfruit plants (see Mutiny on the Bounty). ... Mutiny on the Bounty, based on the 1932 novel by Charles Nordhoff, is a 1962 film starring Marlon Brando and Trevor Howard. ... This set of cuff links and studs features pearl inlays. ...

Modern reconstructions

When the 1935 film was made, sailing vessels were still in wide use: existing vessels were adapted to play Bounty and Pandora. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 765 Ã— 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2213 Ã— 1735 pixel, file size: 447 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Mutiny on the... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 765 Ã— 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (2213 Ã— 1735 pixel, file size: 447 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Mutiny on the...

The Royal Navy's Bounty has been reconstructed twice. MGM commissioned a replica of Bounty for their 1962 film, named the Bounty II. This vessel was built to the original plans and in the traditional manner in a shipyard in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia. However, all the dimensions were increased by approximately one third to accommodate the large 70 mm cameras used. MGM kept this vessel in service. When Ted Turner bought MGM he used this vessel for entertaining. Eventually MGM donated the vessel to a charity. This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... MGM logo Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or MGM, is a large media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of cinema and television programs. ... Lunenburg waterfront Lunenburg waterfront (as viewed from a hotel) Lunenburg ( ) is a small town on the South Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada approximately 90 kilometres southwest of Halifax, on the Atlantic coast. ... For other persons named Ted Turner, see Ted Turner (disambiguation). ...

Although expensive maintenance caused the vessel to lose her United States Coast Guard license for a time, Tall Ship Bounty was restored, initially at the Boothbay Harbor Shipyard in 2002, with restoration of the vessel's bottom planking. Moored in its winter home in St. Petersburg, Florida, it again became available for charter, excursions, sail-training, and movies (most recently in Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End,.^[5] and the adult film Pirates). In April 2006, the Bounty again arrived in Boothbay Harbor for further renovation, a refurbishing of the ship's front end, and topside decking. Following this renovation, the Bounty is scheduled to repeat the famous voyage of the original Bounty ^[6] USCG HH-65 Dolphin USCG HH-60J JayHawk The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is at all times a branch of the United States armed forces a maritime law enforcement agency, and a federal regulatory body. ... Boothbay Harbor is a town located in Lincoln County, Maine. ... For other uses, see St. ... Pirates is a 2005 pornographic film produced by Digital Playground and Adam & Eve. ... Boothbay Harbor is a town located in Lincoln County, Maine. ...

On 9 August 2007 the Bounty made an unscheduled stop at Derry, Northern Ireland. The ship has just completed a $3m restoration and is making a seven week UK tour prior to embarking on a world tour via South Africa and New Zealand to Pitcairn and Tahiti. The UK tour begins with her arrival at the birthplace of mutiny leader Fletcher Christian in Maryport, Cumbria, at midday on Tuesday 14 August 2007. The ship was about three days ahead of schedule which is why it sought out Derry for a 'quiet' stopover before completing the journey to Maryport. ^[7] On 23 August 2007 the ship docked in Torquay, Devon, and for several days could be seen on the Paramount Imperial Hotel's webcam. For other places with similar names, see Derry (disambiguation) and Londonderry (disambiguation). ... Northern Ireland (Irish: , Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a constituent country of the United Kingdom lying in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 kmÂ², about a sixth of the islands total area). ... This article is about the English town. ... Part of the seafront of Torquay, south Devon, at high tide Devon is a large county in South West England, bordered by Cornwall to the west, and Dorset and Somerset to the east. ...

The second reconstruction was built for the 1984 Dino De Laurentiis film The Bounty. That vessel was built of steel, is clad in wood, and has modern conveniences. It is currently located in Darling Harbour, Sydney, Australia, where it serves the tourist excursion market. Agostino De Laurentiis, usually credited as Dino De Laurentiis, (born August 8, 1919) is an Italian movie producer born at Torre Annunziata in the province of Naples. ... See Bounty for other uses of Bounty. The Bounty is a 1984 drama film with Mel Gibson and Anthony Hopkins based on the 1973 book by Richard Alexander Hough, which itself was based on a historical event. ... This is about the city of Sydney in Australia. ...

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