NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Myopathy

In medicine, a myopathy is a neuromuscular disease in which the muscle fibers do not function for any one of many reasons, resulting in muscular weakness. "Myopathy" simply means muscle disease (myo- Greek μυσ "muscle" + -pathy Greek "suffering"). This meaning implies that the primary defect is within the muscle, as opposed to the nerves ("neuropathies" or "neurogenic" disorders) or elsewhere (e.g., the brain etc.). Muscle cramps, stiffness, and spasm can also be associated with myopathy. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) is a coding of diseases and signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or diseases, as classified by the World Health Organization (WHO). ... // G00-G99 - Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G09) Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (G00) Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified (G01) Meningitis in bacterial diseases classified elsewhere (G02) Meningitis in other infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere (G03) Meningitis due to other and unspecified causes (G04) Encephalitis, myelitis... // G00-G99 - Diseases of the nervous system (G00-G09) Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (G00) Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified (G01) Meningitis in bacterial diseases classified elsewhere (G02) Meningitis in other infectious and parasitic diseases classified elsewhere (G03) Meningitis due to other and unspecified causes (G04) Encephalitis, myelitis... The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ... The following is a list of codes for International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. ... The Disease Bold textDatabase is a free website that provides information about the relationships between medical conditions, symptoms, and medications. ... eMedicine is an online clinical medical knowledge base that was founded in 1996. ... Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a huge controlled vocabulary (or metadata system) for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. ... medicines, see Medication. ... The term disease refers to an abnormal condition of an organism that impairs function. ... Global view of a neuromuscular junction: 1. ... Muscle weakness (or lack of strength) is the inability to exert force with ones muscles to the degree that would be expected given the individuals general physical fitness. ... Neuropathy strictly speaking is any disease that affects the neurons of the nervous system. ... The nervous system of an animal coordinates the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and processes input from the senses, and initiates actions. ... This article is about muscular pain. ... Stiffness is the resistance of an elastic body to deflection or deformation by an applied force. ... A spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. ...

Classes

Because myopathy is such a general term, there are several classes of myopathy.... (ICD-10 codes are provided where available.) The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (most commonly known by the abbreviation ICD) provides codes to classify diseases and a wide variety of signs, symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances and external causes of injury or disease. ...

Muscular dystrophy refers to a group of genetic, hereditary muscle diseases that cause progressive muscle weakness. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Myotonia is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after voluntary contraction or electrical stimulation. ... Neuromyotonia is spontaneous muscular activity resulting from repetitive motor unit action potentials of peripheral origin. ... Congenital myopathy is a term for any muscle disorder present at birth. ... Nemaline myopathy (NM; also called rod myopathy or nemaline rod myopathy) is a group of congenital, hereditary neuromuscular disorders that cause muscle weakness, generally nonprogressive, of varying severity. ... Note: Centronuclear myopathy includes Myotubular myopathy, as outlined below. ... Note: Centronuclear myopathy includes Myotubular myopathy, as outlined below. ... HeLa cells stained for DNA with the Blue Hoechst dye. ... In medical circles, wasting refers to the process by which a debilitating disease causes muscle and fat tissue to waste away. ... A congenital disorder is a medical condition or defect that is present at or before birth (for example, congenital heart disease). ... Sex-linked genes are those carried on the mammalian X chromosome but not the Y chromosome. ... Note: Centronuclear myopathy includes Myotubular myopathy, as outlined below. ... Note: Centronuclear myopathy includes Myotubular myopathy, as outlined below. ... Note: Centronuclear myopathy includes Myotubular myopathy, as outlined below. ... In genetics, the term recessive gene refers to an allele that causes a phenotype (visible or detectable characteristic) that is only seen in a homozygous genotype (an organism that has two copies of the same allele). ... Note: Centronuclear myopathy includes Myotubular myopathy, as outlined below. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Dominance relationship. ... Mitochondrial myopathy are a type of myopathy associated with mitochondrial disease. ... In cell biology, a mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes. ... Familial periodic paralysis is a form of myopathy that are inherited. ... An abscess on the skin, showing the redness and swelling characteristic of inflammation. ... Glycogen storage disease is any one of several inborn errors of metabolism that result from enzyme defects that affect the processing of glycogen synthesis or breakdown within muscles, liver, and other cell types. ... Lipid storage disorders (or lipidoses) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders in which harmful amounts lipids (fats) accumulate in some of the bodyâ€™s cells and tissues. ... X-Ray of the knee in a patient with dermatomyositis. ... {{ }} Polymyositis is a type of inflammatory myopathy, related to dermatomyositis and inclusion body myositis. ... Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an inflammatory muscle disease, characterized by slowly progressive wasting and weakness of the arms and legs. ... Myositis ossificans comprises two syndromes characterized by heterotopic calcification of muscle. ... Rhabdomyolysis is the breakdown of skeletal muscle due to injury, either mechanical, physical or chemical. ... Myoglobinuria is the presence of myoglobin in the urine, usually associated to rhabdomyolysis or muscle destruction. ... A cramp is an unpleasant sensation caused by contraction, usually of a muscle. ... Stiffness is the resistance of an elastic body to deflection or deformation by an applied force. ... Diseases and other conditions that increase action potential frequency cause unwanted contraction of muscles. ...

Treatments

Because different types of myopathies are caused by many different pathways, there is no single treatment for myopathy. Treatments range from treatment of the symptoms to very specific cause-targeting treatments. Drug therapy, physical therapy, bracing for support, surgery, and even acupuncture are current treatments for a variety of myopathies. This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Physical therapy (or physiotherapy[1]) is the provision of services to people and populations to develop, maintain and restore maximum movement and functional ability throughout the lifespan. ... â€œSurgeonâ€ redirects here. ... Acupuncture chart from Hua Shou (fl. ...

Category: Muscular disorders The Human Nervous System A human being coordinates its nervous system, the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and also stops input from the senses, and initiates actions. ... Pathology (from Greek pathos, feeling, pain, suffering; and logos, study of; see also -ology) is the study of the processes underlying disease and other forms of illness, harmful abnormality, or dysfunction. ... Nerves (yellow) Nerves redirects here. ... Nerve roots can refer to: Dorsal root Ventral root Category: ... PLEXUS (Physics Learning EXperience Using Software) is a name of project that was started by Vibor Cipan, physics student form Croatia and it is based on utilization of usage of computer technology to enhance learning of physics. ... Cranial nerves are nerves which start directly from the brainstem instead of the spinal cord. ... Trigeminal neuralgia, or Tic Douloureux, is a neuropathic disorder of the trigeminal nerve that causes episodes of intense pain in the eyes, lips, nose, scalp, forehead, and jaw. ... Bells palsy (or facial palsy) is characterised by facial drooping on the affected half, due to malfunction of the facial nerve (VII cranial nerve), which controls the muscles of the face. ... Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome is a rare neurological disorder characterized by recurring facial paralysis, swelling of the face and lips (usually the upper lip), and the development of folds and furrows in the tongue. ... Injury to the spinal accessory nerve can cause an accessory nerve disorder or spinal accessory nerve palsy, which results in diminished or absent function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and upper portion of the trapezius muscle. ... Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) consists of a group of distinct disorders that affect the nerves in the brachial plexus (nerves that pass into the arms from the neck) and various nerves and blood vessels between the base of the neck and axilla (armpit). ... This article is about the syndrome. ... Mononeuropathy (or mononeuritis) is a type of neuropathy that only affects a single peripheral or cranial nerve. ... This article is about the medical condition. ... Ulnar nerve entrapment is a condition where the ulnar nerve becomes trapped or pinched due to some physiological abnormalities // Commonly, this causes pain, numbness, or paralysis of the ring and little fingers which may extend up the arm. ... Radial neuropathy (or radial mononeuropathy) is a type of mononeuropathy which results from acute trauma to the radial nerve that runs the length of the arm. ... Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic condition characterized by severe pain following injury to bone and soft tissue. ... Meralgia paraesthetica or meralgia paresthetica (see spelling differences) (me-ral-gee-a par-es-thet-i-ka) is numbness or pain in the outer thigh not caused by injury to the thigh, but by injury to a nerve that extends from the thigh to the spinal column. ... Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a painful foot condition in which the tibial nerve is impinged and compressed as it travels though the tarsal tunnel. ... Mortons Neuroma. ... Mononeuritis multiplex is the clinical picture that arises from problems with multiple individual nerves serially or almost simultaneously. ... Polyneuropathy is a neurological disorder that occurs when many peripheral nerves throughout the body malfunction simultaneously. ... The peripheral nervous system or PNS, is part of the nervous system, and consists of the nerves and neurons that reside or extend outside the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) to serve the limbs and organs, for example. ... Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), known also as Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy (HMSN) or Peroneal Muscular Atrophy, is a heterogeneous inherited disorder of nerves (neuropathy) that is characterized by loss of muscle tissue and touch sensation, predominantly in the feet and legs but also in the hands and arms... Dejerine-Sottas Syndrome/Neuropathy (hereditary motor and sensory polyneuropathy type III; sometimes also described as a subtype III of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) is an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive neuropathy. ... Refsums disease (Refsum-ThiÃ©baut disease, Refsum-ThiÃ©baut-Klenk-Kahlke disease), named after Norwegian neurologist Sigvald Bernhard Refsum (1907-1991), is an autosomal recessive (Chromosome 10) neurological disease that results in the malformation of myelin sheaths around nerve cells. ... Morvans syndrome (or fibrillary chorea) is a rare disease named after nineteenth century French physician Augustin Marie Morvan (1819-1897). ... Guillain-BarrÃ© syndrome (GBS) or acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy is an acute, autoimmune disease that affects the peripheral nervous system and is usually triggered by an acute infectious process. ... Alcoholic polyneuropathy is a neurological disorder in which many peripheral nerves throughout the body malfunction simultaneously (a polyneuropathy). ... Neuropathy is usually short for peripheral neuropathy, meaning a disease of the peripheral nervous system. ... Electron micrograph showing a cross section through the neuromuscular junction. ... A top-down view of skeletal muscle Muscle (from Latin musculus little mouse [1]) is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells. ... Myasthenia gravis (sometimes abbreviated MG; from the Greek myastheneia, lit. ... Muscular dystrophy refers to a group of genetic, hereditary muscle diseases that cause progressive muscle weakness. ... Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a chronic, slowly progressing, highly variable inherited multisystemic disease that can manifest at any age from birth to old age. ... Myotonia congenita is a genetic, neuromuscular disorder characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles. ... Thomsen disease, a form of Myotonia congenita, is a muscular genetic disorder characterized by muscle stiffness (cramp) and an inability of the muscle to relax after a voluntary contraction. ... Neuromyotonia is spontaneous muscular activity resulting from repetitive motor unit action potentials of peripheral origin. ... Paramyotonia congenita is a rare congenital neuromuscular disorder which is characterized by a condition in which the muscles do not relax after contracting (myotonia). ... Centronuclear myopathies (CNM) are a group of congenital myopathies where cell nuclei are abnormally located in skeletal muscle cells. ... Mitochondrial myopathy is typically caused by defects in part of the mitochondrion (the power plant of the cell) known as the respiratory chain. ... Periodic paralysis is a rare group of genetic diseases that lead to weakness or paralysis (rarely death) from common triggers such as cold, heat, high carbohydrate meals, not eating, stress or excitement and physical activity of any kind. ... Hypokalemic periodic paralysis is characterized by a fall in potassium levels in the blood. ... Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (HYPP), also known as Impressive Syndrome, is an inherited autosomal dominant disorder which affects sodium channels in muscle cells and the ability to regulate potassium levels in the blood of horses. ... Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) is a rare disorder of nerve-muscle (neuromuscular) junction. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Peripheral neuropathy is the term for damage to nerves of the peripheral nervous system, which may be caused either by diseases of the nerve or from the side-effects of systemic illness. ... Familial dysautonomia, or FD, is a disorder of the autonomic nervous system which affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system resulting in variable symptoms including: insensitivity to pain, inability to produce tears, poor growth, and labile blood pressure... Horners syndrome is a clinical syndrome caused by damage to the sympathetic nervous system. ... Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a degenerative neurological disorder. ... Shy-Drager syndrome is a rare, progressively degenerative disease of the autonomic nervous system. ...

Classes GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

Treatments

Classes