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Encyclopedia > Nakba

Nakba Day (Arabic: يوم النكبة yawm al-nakba — 15 May)[1] is the annual day of commemoration by Palestinian Arabs of the anniversary of the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948.[2][3] Events in Palestine during the British mandate prior to Israel's declaration of independence, as well as the 1948 Arab-Israeli War that erupted following the invasion of neighbouring Arab states, resulted in the flight or expulsion of an estimated 700,000 Palestinian refugees, [4] and the destruction and abandonment of up to 418 Palestinian villages. [5] Palestinian Arabs call these events al-Nakba ("the catastrophe"). [6] Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (136th in leap years). ... The term Palestinian has other usages, for which see definitions of Palestinian. ... This is an incomplete timeline of events in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. ... The Holy Land or Palestine Showing not only the Old Kingdoms of Judea and Israel but also the 12 Tribes Distinctly, and Confirming Even the Diversity of the Locations of their Ancient Positions and Doing So as the Holy Scriptures Indicate, a geographic map from the studio of Tobiae Conradi... Combatants  Israel Egypt, Syria, Transjordan,  Lebanon, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Holy War Army, Arab Liberation Army Commanders Yaakov Dori, Yigael Yadin Glubb Pasha, Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni, Hasan Salama, Fawzi Al-Qawuqji Strength  Israel: 29,677 initially rising to 115,000 by March 1949 Egypt: 10,000 initially rising... Palestinian refugees in 1948 The Palestinian exodus (Arabic: الهجرة الفلسطينية al-Hijra al-Filasteeniya) refers to the refugee flight of Palestinian Arabs during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. ... // Several of these have been re-settled since the Six-Day War. ...


Israel declared its independence on the evening of May 14, 1948. In the ensuing struggle, Israel went on to successfully repel the armies of Egypt, Syria, Transjordan, Iraq, and Lebanon and to capture just over fifty per cent of the territory allocated as an Arab state in the 1947 UN Partition Plan. After the end of the War, the vast majority of Palestinian Arab refugees outside the 1949 armistice lines were barred from returning to their homes, many of which had been destroyed, or from reclaiming their property. [4][5] Every year, on the 5th of Iyyar of the Hebrew calendar (which can fall between 15 April and 15 May) Israelis celebrate Independence Day (Yom Ha'atzma'ut). [7] While Nakba Day is commemorated on May 15 in keeping with the Gregorian calendar instead of the Islamic calendar, Palestinian Arabs and their supporters around the world coordinate some Nakba Day events to coincide with the Israeli Independence Day celebrations. [8] [9] [10] Because of the differences between the Jewish and the Gregorian calendars, Independence Day and the official May 15 date for Nakba Day usually only coincides every 19 years.[11] In Israel, there are Nakba day protests which takes place according to the Hebrew date, on the same day when Israelis celebrate Israel's independence day. May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... Map of the territory of the British Mandate of Palestine The Emirate of Transjordan was an autonomous political division of the British Mandate of Palestine, created as an administrative entity in April 1921 before the Mandate came into effect. ... On 29 November 1947 the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine or United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, a plan to resolve the Arab-Israeli conflict in the British Mandate of Palestine, was approved by the United Nations General Assembly. ... The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and its neighbors Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. ... Iyar (Standard Hebrew אִייָּר Iyyar, Tiberian Hebrew אִיָּר ʾIyyār: from Akkadian ayyaru Rosette; blossom) is the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year and the second month of the civil year on the Hebrew calendar. ... The Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: ‎) or Jewish calendar is the annual calendar used in Judaism. ... Yom Haatzmaut (Hebrew: yom hā-‘aá¹£mā’ūṯ), Israeli Independence Day, commemorates the declaration of independence of Israel in 1948. ... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (136th in leap years). ... The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. ... The Islamic calendar or Muslim calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري; at-taqwÄ«m al-hijrÄ«; Persian: گاه‌شماری هجري قمری ‎ Gāhshomāri-ye hejri-ye qamari; also called the Hijri calendar) is the calendar used to date events in many predominantly Muslim countries, and used by Muslims everywhere to determine the proper day on which to... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (136th in leap years). ...


The event is often marked by speeches and rallies in the West Bank, Gaza and in Arab states.[12] In 2006, Israeli Arab member of the Knesset Dr. Azmi Bishara told the Israeli newspaper Maariv: "Independence Day is your holiday, not ours. We mark this as the day of our Nakba, the tragedy that befell the Palestinian nation in 1948". [13][14] Israeli politician Avigdor Lieberman called for Israeli Arab Knesset members that marked Nakba Day, to be tried for treason. Articles with similar titles include the Spanish name Garza. ... The Arab League or League of Arab States (Arabic: ‎), is an organization of predominantly Arab states (compare Arab world). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (בית כנסת) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Maariv House (the newspaper headquarters) in Carlebach street, Tel Aviv Maariv (Hebrew: , transl. ... Avigdor Lieberman (Hebrew: ), also Liberman (born on 5 June 1958 in Kishinev, Moldavian SSR, Soviet Union) is an Israeli politician and leader of the Yisrael Beytenu party. ... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (בית כנסת) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ...


The day was inaugurated in 1998 by Yasser Arafat, [15] when over one million people participated in marches and other events.[16] Nakba Day has been marked each year by protests which at times develop to clashes between Palestinian Arabs and the Israel Defense Forces in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, [17][18][19] and in 2003 and 2004, by demonstrations in London [20] and New York City. [21] Not to be confused with Yasir Arafat (cricketer). ... The Israel Defense Forces are part of the Israeli Security Forces. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... New York, NY redirects here. ...


See also

Palestinian refugees in 1948 The Palestinian exodus (Arabic: الهجرة الفلسطينية al-Hijra al-Filasteeniya) refers to the refugee flight of Palestinian Arabs during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war. ... In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, a Palestinian refugee is a refugee from Palestine created by the Palestinian Exodus, which Palestinians call the Nakba (Arabic: ‎, meaning disaster or catastrophe). The United Nations definition of a Palestinian refugee is a person whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946 and... Anthem: Hatikvah (The Hope) Capital  Jerusalem Largest city Jerusalem Official languages Hebrew, Arabic Government Parliamentary democracy  - President Moshe Katsav1  - Prime Minister Ehud Olmert  - Knesset Speaker Dalia Itzik Independence from the League of Nations mandate administered by the United Kingdom   - Declaration 14 May 1948 (05 Iyar 5708)  Area  - Total 20,770... The Jewish exodus from Arab lands refers to the 20th century emigration and expulsion of Jews, primarily of Sephardi and Mizrahi background, from majority Arab lands. ... Villages are arranged according to the pre-1948 subdistrict they were situated in. ... The International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People is a UN organized observance. ...

References

  1. ^ 58th anniversary of the Palestinian Catastrophe, Al Bawaba, 3 May 2006.
  2. ^ Hossam Ezzedine, 'Palestinians commemorate 'catastrophe' of Israel's creation', Yahoo News, 15 May 2006. (Link dead as of 15 January 2007)
  3. ^ "In pictures: 'Catastrophe Day' protests", BBC News Online. Retrieved on 2006-05-08. 
  4. ^ a b Morris, Benny (2003). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-00967-7, p. 604.
  5. ^ a b Khalidi, Walid (Ed.). (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  6. ^ Sheleg, Yair 'Day of the citizen instead of day of the catastrophe', Haaretz, 3 May 2006.
  7. ^ Jewish Festivals in Israel, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, accessed 3 May 2006.
  8. ^ Palestinians to mourn Israel's founding by Aaron Klein, WorldNetDaily, May 12, 2005.
  9. ^ Palestinians mourn Israel's founding y by Aaron Klein, WorldNetDaily, May 16, 2005.
  10. ^ Weekly Review of the Arab Press in Israel, Arab Association for Human Rights, April 30, 2001.
  11. ^ Hertz-Larowitz, Rachel (2003). Arab and Jewish Youth in Israel: Voicing National Injustice on Campus. Journal of Social Issues, 59(1), 51-66.
  12. ^ Bowker, Robert (2003). Palestinian Refugees: Mythology, Identity, and the Search for Peace. Lynne Rienner Publishers. ISBN 1-58826-202-2, p. 96.
  13. ^ Maariv article (in Hebrew).
  14. ^ 'The Palestinian nakba at 58', Bahrain News Agency, 1 May 2006.
  15. ^ Rubin, Barry and Rubin, Judith Colp (2003). Yasir Arafat: A Political Biography. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-516689-2, p. 187.
  16. ^ Palestinians protest, National Public Radio, 14 May 1998.
  17. ^ Analysis: Why Palestinians are angry, BBC News Online, 15 May 2000.
  18. ^ Violence erupts in West Bank, BBC News Online, 15 May 2000.
  19. ^ Israel - Palestinian Violence, National Public Radio, 15 May 2000.
  20. ^ Pro-Palestine rally in London, BBC News Online, 15 May 2003.
  21. ^ Al-Nakba Day Rally in Times Square, 2004.

 

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