Nalbuphine (nalbuphine hydrochloride) is a synthetic opioid used commercially as an analgesic under a variety of trade names, including Nubain. It is noteworthy in part for the fact that at low dosages, it is found much more effective by women than by men, and may even increase pain in men. An opioid is any agent that binds to opioid receptors found principally in the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. ... An analgesic (colloquially known as painkiller) is any member of the diverse group of drugs used to relieve pain. ... According to the International Society for the Study of Pain, there are two different terms: pain and nociception. ...

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• The kappa opioid nalbuphine produces gender- and dose-dependent analgesia and antianalgesia in patients with postoperative pain