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Nánjīng Shì 南京市
Nanjing city skyline
Location within China
Nanjing is highlighted on this map of Jiangsu province
Coordinates: 32°03′N 118°46′E / 32.05, 118.767
Country	People's Republic of China
County-level divisions	13
Township divisions	129
Settled	495 BC
Government
- CPC Nanjing	Luo Zhijun Committee Secretary
- Mayor	Jiang Hongkun
Area (ranked 29th)
- Total	6,598 km² (2,547.5 sq mi)
Elevation	15 m (50 ft)
Population (2006)
- Total	8,200,000
- Density	970.0/km² (2,512.3/sq mi)
- Residents	6,070,000
Time zone	China Standard Time (UTC+8)
Postal code	210000 - 211300
Area code(s)	25
License plate prefixes	苏A
City trees Deodar Cedar (Cedrus deodara) City flowers Méi (Prunus mume)
Website: City of Nanjing

Nanjing (help· info) (Chinese: 南京; Romanizations: Nánjīng (Pinyin), Nan-ching (Wade-Giles), Nanking (Postal map spelling)) is the capital of China's Jiangsu Province and a city with a prominent place in Chinese history and culture. Nanjing served as the capital of China during several historical periods, and is listed as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China. Nanjing is also one of the fifteen sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China's administrative structure, enjoying jurisdictional and economic autonomy only slightly less than that of a province. In addition, the Republic of China claims it as its de jure capital. Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Nanjing can refer to: Nanjing, a city in China Nanjing University Nanjing Automobile Group Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, one of the Seven Wonders of the World of the Middle Ages Nanjing Road, Shanghai Nanjing 3. ... Nanking (Chinese: 南京) is a 2007 documentary film about the 1937 Nanking Massacre in China. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Download high resolution version (1804x1322, 278 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Nanjing Categories: GFDL images ... Nanjing area, retrieved from Chinese wikipedia. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 540s BC 530s BC 520s BC 510s BC 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC Years: 499 BC 498 BC 497 BC 496 BC - 495 BC - 494 BC 493 BC 492 BC... The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of Mainland China (including all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities) in order of their total areas. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Certain regions of eastern Asia, including Greater China, observe a time zone eight hours ahead of UTC (UTC+8), and currently do not observe daylight saving time. ... -12 | -11 | -10 | -9:30 | -9 | -8 | -7 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3:30 | -3 | -2:30 | -2 | -1 | -0:25 | UTC (0) | +0:20 | +0:30 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +3:30 | +4 | +4:30 | +4:51 | +5 | +5:30 | +5:40 | +5:45 | +6 | +6:30 | +7 | +7:20 | +7... Blue PRC licence plates of the 1992 standard (August 2004 image). ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... Binomial name Cedrus deodara (Roxb. ... For other uses, see Flower (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. ... Image File history File links Chinese-Nanjing. ... Languages can be romanized in a variety of ways, as shown here with Mandarin Chinese In linguistics, romanization (or Latinization, also spelled romanisation or Latinisation) is the representation of a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, or a system for doing so, where the original word or language... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... Chinese Postal Map Romanization (Traditional Chinese: 郵政式拼音; Pinyin: Yóuzhèngshì PÄ«nyÄ«n) refers to the system of romanization for Chinese place names which came into use in the late Qing dynasty and was officially sanctioned by the Imperial Postal Joint-Session Conference (帝國郵電聯席會議), which was held in Shanghai in the... Capital City is a 60-minute television show produced by Euston Films that ran for 13 episodes in 1989 on ITV. This drama focused on the lives of investment bankers in London living and working on the corporate trading floor for the fictional international bank Shane-Longman. ... Jiangsu (Simplified Chinese: 江苏; Traditional Chinese: 江蘇; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Chiang-su; Postal System Pinyin: Kiangsu) is a province of the Peoples Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. ... A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng (省 shÄ›ng), which is an administrative division of China. ... China is the worlds oldest continuous major civilization, with written records dating back about 3,500 years and with 5,000 years being commonly used by Chinese as the age of their civilization. ... Chinese culture has roots going back over five thousand years. ... The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: Zhōngguó Sì Dà GÇ”dÅ«) traditionally refers to Beijing, Nanjing, Luoyang, and Xian. ... A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng (省 shÄ›ng), which is an administrative division of China. ... For the Chinese civilization, see China. ... Look up De jure in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Located in the downstream Yangtze River drainage basin and Yangtze River Delta economic zone, Nanjing has always been one of China's most important cities. Apart from having been the capital of China for six dynasties and of the Republic of China, Nanjing has also served as a national hub of education, research, transportation and tourism throughout history. With an urban population of over five million, it is also the second largest commercial center in the East China region, behind only Shanghai. The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), or Drichu in Tibetan (Tibetan: འབ; Wylie: bri chu) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa, and the Amazon in South America. ... Yangtze River Delta The Yangtze River Delta (Chinese 长江三角洲/長江三角洲 chángjiāng sānjiÇŽozhōu) or Yangtze Delta, generally comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Shanghai, southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province. ... For the Chinese civilization, see China. ... For other uses, see Shanghai (disambiguation). ...

Geography and climate

Nanjing Area - Lower Yangtze Valley and Eastern China

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

Nanjing, with a total land area of 6,598 square kilometers (2,547.5 sq mi), is situated in one of the largest economic zones of China, the Yangtze River Delta, which is part of the downstream Yangtze River drainage basin. The Yangtze River flows past the west side of Nanjing City, while the Ningzheng Ridge surrounds the north, east and south side of the city. The city is 300 kilometers (186 mi) west of Shanghai, 1,200 kilometers (746 mi) south of Beijing, and 1,400 kilometers (870 mi) east of Chongqing. Image File history File links Nanjing_Area_-_Lower_Yangtse_Valley_&_Eastern_China_Map. ... Image File history File links Nanjing_Area_-_Lower_Yangtse_Valley_&_Eastern_China_Map. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), or Drichu in Tibetan (Tibetan: འབ; Wylie: bri chu) is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world, after the Nile in Africa, and the Amazon in South America. ... A drainage basin is the area within the drainage basin divide (blue outline), and drains the surface runoff and river discharge (green lines) of a contiguous area. ... For other uses, see Shanghai (disambiguation). ... Peking redirects here. ... Chongqing (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Postal map spelling: Chungching, also Chungking) is the largest and most populous of the Peoples Republic of Chinas four provincial-level municipalities, and the only one in the less densely populated western half of China. ...

Nanjing has a temperate climate, and is under the influence of the East Asia Monsoon. Seasons are distinct in Nanjing, with usually hot summers and plenty of rainfall throughout the year. Along with Wuhan and Chongqing, Nanjing is often referred to as one of the "Three Furnacelike Cities" along the Yangtze River for the perennially high temperature in summer. The average temperature during the year is 15.7 °C (60 °F), with the highest recorded temperature being 43 °C (109 °F) (July 13, 1934) and the lowest -16.9 °C (2 °F) (Jan 6, 1955). On average it rains 117 days out of the year and the average annual rainfall is 1,106.5 millimetres (43.6 in). The time from mid-June to the end of July is the plum blossom Meiyu season, during which the city experiences a period of mild rain as well as dampness. According to the city government's website, the best time of year in Nanjing is from September to December. For the usage in virology, see temperate (virology). ... East Asia Geographic East Asia. ... Bold text[[ // [[Image:Media:Example. ... Tsuyu is the Japanese name for the rainy season that lasts in Japan from the middle of June to near the end of July. ...

Nanjing is endowed with rich natural resources, which include more than 40 kinds of minerals. Among them, iron and sulfur reserves make up 40% of those of Jiangsu province; its reserves of strontium rank first in East Asia and the South East Asia region. Nanjing also possesses abundant water resources, both from the Yangtze River and groundwater. In addition, it has several natural hot springs such as Tangshan Hot Spring in Jiangning and Tangquan Hot Spring in Pukou. For other uses, see Iron (disambiguation). ... This article is about the chemical element. ... General Name, Symbol, Number strontium, Sr, 38 Chemical series alkaline earth metals Group, Period, Block 2, 5, s Appearance silvery white metallic Standard atomic weight 87. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... Jiankang (建康城 in pinyin: Jiànkāng chéng), formerly known as Jianye (建業 Jiànyè) until Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 – 420), was an ancient city in China, located west of present-day Nanjing, in south Jiangning County (江寧縣 Jiāngníng Xiàn). ... Pukou, Jiangsu, China a city district of the City of Nanjing directly northwest across the Yangtze River from Nanjing. ...

Surrounded by the Yangtze river and mountains, Nanjing also enjoys beautiful natural scenery. Natural lakes such as Xuanwu Lake and Mochou Lake are located in the center of the city and are easily accessible to the public, while hills like Purple Mountain are covered with evergreens and oaks and host various historical and cultural sites. Sun Quan relocated its capital to Nanjing after Liu Bei's suggestion as Liu Bei was impressed by Nanjing's impeccable geographic position when negotiating an alliance with Sun Quan. Sun Quan then renamed the city from Moling (秣陵) to Jianye (建邺) shortly thereafter. ^[1] Purple Mountain (Pinyin: Zijin Shan; Zi means purple, Jin means golden, and Shan means mountain), also known as Tsuchinshan, Zhongshan Mountain (Pinyin: Zhong Shan, which means Bell mountain), locates in the eastern side of Nanjing, Jiangsu province, N32 5, E118 48, 447. ...

History

Devil-face city wall. Built by State of Chu in 333 BC

Nanjing was one of the earliest established cities in the southern China area. According to the legend, Fu Chai, the Lord of the State of Wu, founded the first city, Yecheng (冶城) in today's Nanjing area in 495 BC. Later in 473 BC, The State of Yue conquered Wu and constructed the city of Yuecheng (越城) on the outskirts of the present-day Zhonghua Gate. In 333 BC, after eliminating the State of Yue, the State of Chu built Jinling Yi (金陵邑) in the northwestern part of present-day Nanjing. Since then, the city has experienced numerous destructions and reconstructions. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The famed 2500-year-old Spear of Fuchai, a protected artifact of the Peoples Republic of China King Fuchai of Wu (吳王夫差) (reigned 495 BC - 473 BC), was the last king of Wu, a state in ancient China; he reigned towards the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. ... Wu was a state during the Spring and Autumn Period in China. ... Yecheng (modern Chinese name 叶城), pinyin: Yèchéng, also known as Kargilik, Karghilik, and Chokkuka; . Yecheng is the name of both the oasis and the town, and is situated on the southern rim of the Taklamakan desert is about halfway between Pishan and Yarkand on the southern route around the... Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC Decades: 540s BC 530s BC 520s BC 510s BC 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC Years: 499 BC 498 BC 497 BC 496 BC - 495 BC - 494 BC 493 BC 492 BC... Centuries: 4th century BC - 5th century BC - 6th century BC Decades: 520s BC 510s BC 500s BC 490s BC 480s BC - 470s BC - 460s BC 450s BC 440s BC 430s BC 420s BC 478 BC 477 BC 476 BC 475 BC 474 BC 473 BC 472 BC 471 BC 470... Yue was a state in China which existed during the Spring and Autumn Period. ... Chinese Gate, Zhonghua Gate or Zhonghuamen in Chinese, is the southern gate of Nanjing city. ... State of Chu (small seal script, 220 BC) Chu (楚), originally known as Jing (荆) and then Jingchu (荆楚), was an independent state that existed during Chinas Spring and Autumn period and, subsequently, the Warring States period. ...

The City Wall of Nanjing, the world's longest. Built in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

Nanjing first became a capital in AD 229, where Sun Quan of the Wu Kingdom during the Three Kingdoms Period relocated its capital to Jianye (建邺), a city he extended on the basis of Jinling Yi in AD 211. After the invasion of the Five Hu, the nobles and wealthy families of the Jin Dynasty escaped across the Yangtze River and established Nanjing as the capital, which was then called Jiankang (建康). Thereafter, Jiankang remained as the capital of Southern China during the North-South Division period, until Sui Dynasty reunified China and destroyed almost the entire city, turning it into a small town. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Remains of the Nanjing Ming city wall The City Wall of Nanjing was designed by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang (r. ... AD redirects here. ... Sun Quan (孫權 pinyin: SÅ«n Quán) (182 - 252), son of Sun Jian, was the third ruler of the State of Wu and the founder of Kingdom of Wu, during the Three Kingdoms period, in China. ... The Kingdom of Wu (Chinese: 吳, pinyin: wú) refers to a nation and several states throughout Chinese history of around the same region in China. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese characters: 三國, Simplified Chinese characters: 三国, pinyin Sānguó) is a period in the History of China. ... Wu Hu (五胡 Pinyin Wǔ Hú) or Five Hu is a collective term for non-Chinese tribes during the period from the Han Dynasty to the Northern Dynasties. ... Jiankang (建康城 in pinyin: Jiànkāng chéng), formerly known as Jianye (建業 Jiànyè) until Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 - 420), is an ancient city in China, located west of present-day Nanjing, in south Jiangning County (江寧縣 Jiāngníng Xi... This article is about China. ... The Sui Dynasty of China amongst the Asian, African, and European spheres of the world, 600 AD. The Sui Dynasty (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; 581-618 AD[1]) followed the Southern and Northern Dynasties and preceded the Tang Dynasty in China. ...

The city was reconstructed during the late Tang Dynasty. It was again named capital (then known as Jinling (金陵)) during the short-lived Southern Tang Kingdom (937 – 975) (who renamed it Xidu), who succeeded the Wu Kingdom. ^[2]Jiankang's textile industry burgeoned and thrived during Song Dynasty despite the constant threat from the northern foreign invasions. The Mongolians, the occupiers of China, further consolidated the city's status as a hub of the textile industry. For the band, see Tang Dynasty (band). ... Southern Tang (also refered to as Nantang) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China created following the Tang Dynasty from 937-976. ... Wu 吳 (also refered to as Huainan 淮南) was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existance between the years of 904 and 937. ... Northern Song in 1111 AD Capital Kaifeng (960–1127) Linan (1127–1276) Language(s) Chinese Religion Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy Emperor  - 960-976 Emperor Taizu  - 1126–1127 Emperor Qinzong  - 1127–1162 Emperor Gaozong  - 1278–1279 Emperor Bing History  - Zhao Kuangyin taking over the throne of the Later Zhou...

Divine Trail, located in Eastern Suburb Scenic Area of Nanjing, was built in the Ming Dynasty

The first emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Yuanzhang who overthrew the Yuan Dynasty rebuilt this city and made it the capital of China in 1368. He constructed what was the longest city wall in the world at that time. It took 200,000 laborers 21 years to finish the project. The present-day city wall of Nanjing was mainly built during that time, and it is the longest surviving city wall in the world. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Hongwu Emperor (October 21, 1328 - June 24, 1398), personal name Zhu Yuanzhang, was the founder of the Ming Dynasty of China, and the first emperor of this dynasty from 1368 to 1398. ... Events Timur ascends throne of Samarkand. ... Remains of the Nanjing Ming city wall The City Wall of Nanjing was designed by Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang (r. ...

Jiming Buddism Temple

It is believed that Nanjing was the largest city in the world from 1358 to 1425 with a population of 487,000 in 1400. ^[3] Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the Nanjing area was known as Jiangning (江宁) and served as the seat of government for the Liangjiang Viceroy. Nanjing was the capital of the Taiping Kingdom in the mid-19th century, being renamed as Tianjing (天京) (lit. Heaven's Capital). Both the Viceroy and the Taiping king resided in buildings that would later be known as the Presidential Palace. As Qing general Zeng Guofan retook the city in 1864, massive slaughtering occurred in the city with over 100,000 committing suicide or fighting to the death. Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Qing China at its greatest extent. ... Combatants Qing Empire United Kingdom France (United Kingdom and France join the war later) Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Commanders Xianfeng Emperor Tongzhi Emperor Empress Dowager Cixi Charles George Gordon Frederick Townsend Ward Hong Xiuquan Yang Xiuqing Xiao Chaogui Feng Yunshan Wei Changhui Shi Dakai Li Xiucheng Strength 2,000,000-5... Front gate of the Palace, taken in 2005, displays the sign Office of the President (總統府). Prior to 1947, the sign read National Government (國民政府). Sun Yat-sen Provisional President Office Presidential Palace (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ) in Nanjing, now China Modern History Museum, housed the Office of the President of the... General Zeng Guofan Marquess ZÄ“ng Guófán, (t. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

Modern Times

The President House of the Republic of China, when Nanjing was its capital

The Xinhai Revolution led to the founding of the Republic of China in January 1912 with Dr. Sun Yat-sen as the first provisional president, and Nanjing was selected as its new capital. However, the Qing Dynasty still controlled the northern provinces, so revolutionaries asked Yuan Shikai to replace Sun as president in exchange for the emperor's abdication. Yuan demanded the capital be at Beijing (closer to his power base). Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Front gate of the Palace, taken in 2005, displays the sign Office of the President (總統府). Prior to 1947, the sign read National Government (國民政府). Sun Yat-sen Provisional President Office Presidential Palace (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ) in Nanjing, now China Modern History Museum, housed the Office of the President of the... Combatants  Qing Dynasty Chinese Revolutionary Alliance Commanders Feng Guozhang, Yuan Shikai, and local Qing governors. ... For the Chinese civilization, see China. ... Sun Yat-sen (November 12, 1866 - March 12, 1925) was a Chinese revolutionary leader and statesman who is considered by many to be the Father of Modern China. He had a significant influence in the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and establishment of the Republic of China. ... Flag (1890-1912) Anthem Gong Jinou (1911) Qing China at its greatest extent. ... Yuan Shikai (Courtesy Weiting 慰亭; Pseudonym: Rongan 容庵 Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: Yuán ShìkÇŽi; Wade-Giles: Yüan Shih-kai) (September 16, 1859[1] – June 6, 1916) was a Chinese military official and politician during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. ...

In 1927, the Kuomintang (KMT) under Chiang Kai-Shek again established Nanjing as the capital of the Republic of China, and this became internationally recognized once KMT forces took Beijing in 1928. They used the Presidential Palace in Nanjing as their headquarters. The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China (ROC), now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of seats in the Legislative Yuan, and the oldest political party in the... Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... For the Chinese civilization, see China. ... The Kuomintang of China (abbreviation KMT) [1], also often translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party, is a political party in the Republic of China (ROC), now on Taiwan, and is currently the largest political party in terms of seats in the Legislative Yuan, and the oldest political party in the... Front gate of the Palace, taken in 2005, displays the sign Office of the President (總統府). Prior to 1947, the sign read National Government (國民政府). Sun Yat-sen Provisional President Office Presidential Palace (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ) in Nanjing, now China Modern History Museum, housed the Office of the President of the...

Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall

In 1937, the Japanese army invaded and occupied Nanjing, then the capital of China, and carried out the systematic and brutal Nanking massacre. The total death toll could not be confirmed, since no official records were kept, and is often contested, but most estimates put the number of dead between 200,000 and 350,000. The Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall was built in 1985 to commemorate the event. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 546 pixelsFull resolution (862 × 588 pixel, file size: 77 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This pic was taken in 2001, fall. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 546 pixelsFull resolution (862 × 588 pixel, file size: 77 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This pic was taken in 2001, fall. ... “Rape of Nanking” redirects here. ... Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall The Memorial for compatriots killed in the Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Forces of Aggression is the Memorial Hall for the people killed in the Nanjing Massacre by the Japanese army in and around the then capital of China, Nanjing, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese...

After the conquest of the city, the Imperial Japanese Army established the bacteriological research Unit 1644, a section of Unit 731, where Japanese doctors experimented on humans. The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) (Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國陸軍, Shinjitai: , Romaji: Dai-Nippon Teikoku Rikugun), or more officially Army of the Greater Japanese Empire was the official ground based armed force of Imperial Japan from 1867 to 1945. ... Unit Ei 1644, also known as Unit 1644 was a medical research unit of the Japanese Imperial Army based in Nanjing, China. ... Body disposal at Unit 731 Unit 731 was a covert biological warfare research and development unit of the Imperial Japanese Army that undertook lethal human experimentation during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and World War II. It was responsible for some of the most notorious war crimes carried...

A Japanese-collaborationist government known as the "Nanjing Regime" or "Nanjing Nationalist Government" led by Wang Jingwei was established in Nanjing as a rival to Chiang Kai-Shek's government in Chongqing, and after World War II, the KMT relocated its central government to Nanjing. On April 23, 1949, The People's Liberation Army conquered Nanjing, officially ending the Republic of China's rule on the mainland. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Nanjing was initially a province-level municipality, but very soon became, and today remains, the provincial capital of Jiangsu. The Wang Jingwei was a government under the leadership of Wang Jingwei in the Republic of China, set up by the Empire of Japan in March 1940. ... Wang Jingwei * Courtesy name: Jixin (季新) * Alternate name: Zhaoming (兆銘). Wang Jingwei (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Wang Ching-wei) (May 4, 1883 – November 10, 1944), was a Chinese politician. ... Chongqing (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Postal map spelling: Chungching, also Chungking) is the largest and most populous of the Peoples Republic of Chinas four provincial-level municipalities, and the only one in the less densely populated western half of China. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Peoples Liberation Army redirects here. ...

Until 2002, the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of China (Taiwan), as well as textbooks published in Taiwan, referred to Nanjing as the capital of the Republic of China. For the Chinese civilization, see China. ...

Government and administrative division

President House of Republic of China, when Nanjing was its capital

Nanjing (People's Republic of China) Municipal Hall

The full name of the government of Nanjing is "People's Government of Nanjing City". The city is under the one-party rule of the CPC, with the CPC Nanjing Committee Secretary as the de facto governor of the city and the Mayor as the executive head of the government working under the secretary. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ...

Nanjing currently consists of 13 county-level divisions, of which 11 are districts and 2 are counties. The districts are the urban area of Nanjing while the counties are the rural area governed by the city. Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... District, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. ... In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 (xiàn). ...

Districts and Counties

Nanjing is divided in to different districts and counties. The districts listed below are 11 urban districts and 2 counties:

Current Districts of Nanjing (2006)

Districts: Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ...

• Xuanwu District (玄武區)
• Baixia District (白下區)
• Qinhuai District (秦淮區)
• Jianye District (建邺區)
• Gulou District (鼓楼區)
• Xiaguan District (下关區)
• Pukou District (浦口區)
• Liuhe District (六合區) (Formerly Liuhe County)
• Qixia District (栖霞區)
• Yuhuatai District (雨花台區)
• Jiangning District (江宁區) (Formerly Jiangning County)

Counties: Xuanwu District (Simplified Chinese: 宣武区, Hanyu Pinyin: Xuānwǔ Qū) is a district of the municipality of Beijing. ... Gulou may refer to: Gulou District, Nanjing, district in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China Gulou District, Kaifeng, district in Kaifeng, Henan, China Gulou District, Xuzhou, district in Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China Gulou District, Fuzhou, district in Fuzhou, Fujian, China Beijing Gulou and Zhonglou Category: ... Pukou, Jiangsu, China a city district of the City of Nanjing directly northwest across the Yangtze River from Nanjing. ...

• Lishui County (溧水县)
• Gaochun County (高淳县)

The current partition of districts of Nanjing might be changing in the future. There was a rumour that Lishui County would be designated as a new urban district in the near future.

Demographics

According to the Fifth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 6.24 million in 2000. The statistics in 2004 estimated the total population to be 6.40 million, while the number of city residents is 5.836 million. The birth rate is 7.73‰ and the death rate is 5.44‰. 47,429 couples married in 2004, while 7036 pairs divorced. Among the newlywed, 10,473 people are remarried. Urban areas include 1.65 million people. (2004 estimate) Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1955 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 ([[Rf 1970 == January 1 - The Unix epoch begins at 00:00:00 UTC January 2 - The last studio performance of The Beatles oman numerals|MCMLXX]]) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Year 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full 1998 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the year. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ... Year 2000 (MM) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full 2000 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

As in most of eastern China the ethnic makeup of Nanjing is predominantly Han nationality (98.56%), with 50 other minority nationalities. In 1999, 77,394 residents belonged to minority nationalities, among which the vast majority (64,832) are Hui nationalities, contributing 83.76% to the minority population. The second and third largest minority groups are Manchu (2311) and Zhuang (533) nationalities. Most of the minority nationalities reside in Jianye District, comprising 9.13% of the district's population. Han Chinese (Simplified: 汉; Traditional: 漢; Pinyin: hàn) is a term which refers to the majority ethnic group within China and the largest single human ethnic group in the world. ... Ethnolinguistic map of China The Peoples Republic of China (PRC) is a multi-ethnic unitary state and, as such, officially recognizes 56 nationalities or mínzú (民族), within China: the Han being the majority (>92%), and the remaining 55 nationalities being the national minorities. ... This article is about the year. ... The Hui (回) ethnic group is unrelated to the Hui (徽) dialects. ... The Manchu people (Manchu: Manju; Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: , Mongolian: Манж) are a Tungusic people who originated in Manchuria (todays Northeastern China). ... The Zhuang (Simplified Chinese: 壮族; Traditional Chinese: 壯族; Hanyu Pinyin: ; own name: BouчcueÅ‹ÑŒ/Bouxcuengh) are an ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. ...

In 2003 the sex ratio of the city population is 106.49 males to 100 females. Sex ratio by country for total population. ...

In 2006 the city's GDP was RMB 277.4 billion (3rd in Jiangsu), and GDP per capita was RMB 45,276, a 15% increase from 2005. The average urban resident's disposable income was RMB 17,538; while the average rural resident's net income is RMB 7,070. The urban unemployment rate was 4.03%, lower than the national average (4.2%). For the album by punk rock band, Snuff, see Disposable Income (album) Disposable income is the total amount of income an individual makes after direct taxes. ...

Economy

A night view of Nanjing city in 2006 shows the city's modernization by its economic development

Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 359 pixelsFull resolution (960 × 431 pixel, file size: 112 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took it in Nov 2006 from a local television tower. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 359 pixelsFull resolution (960 × 431 pixel, file size: 112 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I took it in Nov 2006 from a local television tower. ...

Early development

Since the Three Kingdoms period, Nanjing has become an industrial center for textile and mint owing to its strategic geographical location and convenient transportation. During the Ming Dynasty Nanjing's industry was further expanded, and the city became one of the most prosperous cities in China and even the world. It led in textile, mint, printing, shipbuilding and many other industries, and was the busiest business center in the Far East. The far east as a cultural block includes East Asia, Southeast Asia, Northeast Asia and South Asia. ...

Into the first half of the twentieth century, Nanjing gradually shifted from a production hub into a heavy consumption city, mainly because of the rapid expansion of the wealthy population after Nanjing once again regained the political spotlight of China. A number of huge department stores such as Zhongyang Shangchang sprouted up, attracting merchants from all over China to sell their products in Nanjing. In 1933, the revenue generated by the food and entertainment industry in the city exceeded the sum of the output of the manufacturing and agriculture industry. One third of the city population worked in the service industry, while prostitution, drugs and gambling also thrived. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999... A department store organizes its goods by departments, such as womens clothes, home furnishings, electronics, and the like. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The tertiary sector of industry, also called the service sector or the service industry, is one of the three main industrial categories of a developed economy, the others being the secondary industry (manufacturing and primary goods production such as agriculture), and primary industry (extraction such as mining and fishing). ...

In the 1950s, the CPC invested heavily in Nanjing to build a series of state-owned heavy industries, as part of the national plan of rapid industrialization. Electrical, mechanical, chemical and steel factories were established successively, converting Nanjing into a heavy industry production center of East China. Overenthusiastic in building a “world-class” industrial city, leaders of Nanjing also made many disastrous mistakes during the development, such as spending hundreds of millions of yuan to mine for non-existent coal, resulting in the negative economic growth in the late 1960s. Heavy industry does not have a single fixed meaning compared to light industry. ...

Today

The airscape of Nanjing and its Xuanwu lake from Purple Mountain (2006)

The current industry of the city basically inherited the characteristics of the 1960s, with electronics, cars, petrochemical, iron and steel, and power as the "Five Pillar Industries". Some representative big state-owned firms are Panda Electronics, Jincheng Motors and Nanjing Steel. The tertiary industry also regained prominence, counting for 44% of the GDP of the city. The city is also vying for foreign investment against neighboring cities in the Yangtze River Delta, and so far a number of famous multinational firms, such as Fiat, Iveco, A.O. Smith and Sharp, have established their lines there. Since China's entry into the WTO, Nanjing has received increasing attention from foreign investors, and on average, two new foreign firms establish offices in the city every day. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... The tertiary sector of industry, also called the service sector or the service industry, is one of the three main industrial categories of a developed economy, the others being the secondary industry (manufacturing and primary goods production such as agriculture), and primary industry (extraction such as mining and fishing). ... A multinational corporation (MNC) is a corporation or enterprise that manages production establishments or delivers services in at least two countries. ... Fiat S.p. ... Iveco is a European truck, bus, and diesel engine manufacturer, based in Turin, Italy. ... Sharp Corporation ) (TYO: 6753 , LuxSE: SRP) is a Japanese electronics manufacturer, founded in 1912. ... For other uses of the initials WTO, see WTO (disambiguation). ...

Xinjiekou Commercial Area

The city government is further improving the desirability of the city to investors by building large industrial parks, which now total four: Gaoxin, Xingang, Huagong and Jiangning. Despite the effort, Nanjing is still falling behind other neighboring cities such as Wuxi, Suzhou and Hangzhou, which have an edge in attracting foreign investment and local innovation. In addition, the traditional state-owned enterprises find themselves incapable of competing with efficient multinational firms, and hence are either mired in heavy debt or forced into bankruptcy or privatization. This has resulted in large number of layoff workers who are technically not unemployed but effectively jobless. Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File linksMetadata No higher resolution available. ... An industrial park (or industrial estate in British English) is an area of land set aside for industrial development. ... Old Town and Canal Wuxi (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; former spellings: Wu-hsi, Wuhsi, or Wusih; lit. ... This article is about the city in Jiangsu. ...   (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Postal map spelling: Hangchow) is a sub-provincial ci