NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks

Nathaniel Prentice Banks [sometimes spelled incorrectly Prentiss] (January 30, 1816–September 1, 1894), American politician and soldier, was born at Waltham, Massachusetts. He received only a common school education and at an early age began work as a bobbin boy in a local cotton factory. Subsequently he apprenticed as a mechanic, briefly edited several weekly newspapers, studied law and was admitted to the bar, his energy and his ability as a public speaker soon winning him distinction. His booming, distinctive voice and oracular style of delivery made him a commanding presence before an audience. On April 11, 1847, at Providence, Rhode Island, he married Mary Theodosia Palmer, an ex-factory employee, after a lengthy courtship. Jump to: navigation, search January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... A politician is an individual involved in politics. ... A Norwegian soldier (a Corporal, armed with an MP-5) A soldier is a person who has enlisted with, or has been conscripted into, the armed forces of a sovereign country and has undergone training and received equipment to defend that country or its interests. ... Waltham is a city located in Middlesex County, Massachusetts. ... Jump to: navigation, search Motto: What Cheer Nickname: Beehive of Industry Location in Rhode Island Founded Incorporated 1636 1832 County Providence County Mayor David N. Cicilline (Dem) Area - Total - Water 53. ...

He served as a Democrat in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1849 to 1853, and was speaker in 1851 and 1852; he was president of the state Constitutional Convention of 1853, and in the same year was elected to the United States House of Representatives as a coalition candidate of Democrats and Free-Soilers. In 1854 he was reelected as a Know Nothing. Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links Nathaniel_banks_by_matthew_brady. ... Jump to: navigation, search Image File history File links Nathaniel_banks_by_matthew_brady. ... Governor of Massachusetts Part the Second, Chapter II, Section I, Article I of the Massachusetts Constitution reads, There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and whose title shall be -- His Excellency. ... The term Speaker is usually the title given to the presiding officer of a countrys lower house of parliament or congress (ie: the House of Commons or House of Representatives). ... The 21st Michigan Infantry, a company of Shermans veterans. ... The Massachusetts House of Representatives is the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court, the bicameral state legislature of Massachusetts. ... 1849 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1851 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search Seal of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the Congress of the United States, the other being the Senate. ... The Democratic Party is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ... The Free Soil Party was a short-lived political party in the United States organized in 1848 that petered out by about 1852. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1854 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Know-Nothing movement was a nativist American political movement of the 1850s. ...

At the opening of the Thirty-Fourth Congress, men from several parties opposed to slavery's spread gradually united in supporting Banks for speaker, and after the longest and one of the most bitter speakership contests ever, lasting from the 3rd of December 1855 to the 2nd of February 1856, he was chosen on the 133rd ballot. This has been called the first national victory of the Republican party. He gave antislavery men important posts in Congress for the first time, cooperated with investigations of both the Kansas conflict and the caning of Senator Charles Sumner. Yet he also left a legacy of fairness in his appointments and decisions. He played a key role in 1856 in also bringing forward John C. Frémont as a moderate Republican presidential nominee. As a part of this process, Banks declined, as pre-arranged, the presidential nomination of those Know-Nothings opposed to spread of slavery (North Americans) in favor of Republican Frémont. For the next few years, Banks was supported by a coalition of Know-Nothings and Republicans in Massachusetts. His interest in the Know-Nothing legislative agenda was minimal, supporting only some tougher residency requirements for voting. 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Charles Sumner Charles Sumner (January 6, 1811 â€“ March 11, 1874), American politician and statesman, was born in Boston, Massachusetts. ... John C. FrÃ©mont John Charles FrÃ©mont (January 21, 1813â€“July 13, 1890), birth name John Charles Fremon [Harvey, p. ...

Re-elected in 1856 as a Republican, he resigned his seat in December 1857, and was governor of Massachusetts from 1858 to 1860, during a period of government contraction forced by the depression of those years. He made a serious attempt to gain the Republican presidential nomination in 1860, but discord within his party in Massachussetts, a residence in a "safe" Republican state and his Know-Nothing past doomed his chances. He then was briefly resident director in Chicago, Illinois, of the Illinois Central Railroad, hired primarily to promote sale of the railroad's extensive lands. President Abraham Lincoln considered Banks for a cabinet post, and eventually chose him as one of the first major generals. Perceptions that the Massachusetts militia was well organized and armed at the beginning of the Civil War likely played a role in the appointment decision as Banks had also been considered for quartermaster general. Jump to: navigation, search 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Republican Party, often called the GOP (for Grand Old Party, although one early citation described it as the Gallant Old Party) [1], is one of the two major political parties in the United States. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Governor of Massachusetts Part the Second, Chapter II, Section I, Article I of the Massachusetts Constitution reads, There shall be a supreme executive magistrate, who shall be styled, The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts; and whose title shall be -- His Excellency. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1858 is a common year starting on Friday. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... Jump to: navigation, search Chicago, colloquially known as the Second City and the Windy City, is the third-largest city in population in the United States, following New York City and Los Angeles, and the largest inland city in the country. ... Categories: Rail stubs | Defunct railroad companies of the United States | Defunct companies | Illinois railroads | Iowa railroads | Louisiana railroads | Missouri railroads | South Dakota railroads | Wisconsin railroads ... Jump to: navigation, search Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 â€“ April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed Honest Abe, the Rail Splitter, and the Great Emancipator, was the 16th President of the United States (1861 to 1865), and the first president from the Republican Party. ...

Banks first commanded at Annapolis, Maryland, suppressing support for the Confederacy, then was sent to command on the upper Potomac when General Robert Patterson failed to move aggressively in that area. Jump to: navigation, search Nickname: Americas Sailing Capital , Naptown Founded Incorporated 1649 1708 County Anne Arundel County Mayor Ellen O. Moyer (Dem) Area - Total - Water 19. ...

When General George McClellan entered upon his Peninsular Campaign in spring 1862 the important duty of pushing the Confederate forces of Stonewall Jackson to the south fell to the two divisions commanded by Banks. George Brinton McClellan (December 3, 1826 - October 29, 1885) was a Major General of the Union Army during the American Civil War. ... Map of the events of the campaign. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1862 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search Stonewall Jackson For the 1960s country music artist, see Stonewall Jackson (musician); for the submarine, see USS Stonewall Jackson (SSBN-634). ...

When Banks's men reached the southern Shenandoah Valley at the end of a difficult supply line, the president recalled Banks's men to Strasburg, Virginia, at the northern end. Jackson with superior forces then marched rapidly down the adjacent Luray Valley, driving Banks's retreating men from Winchester, Virginia, on the 25th of May, and north to the Potomac river. On the 9th of August, Banks again encountered Jackson at Cedar Mountain, in Culpeper County, and, though outnumbered, succeeded in nearly collapsing Jackson's lines in a bloody battle. The arrival at the end of the day of Union reinforcements under General John Pope, as well as the rest of Jackson's men, resulted in a two-day stand-off there. The Northern newspapers provided flattering versions of Banks's performance while Southern newspapers called the battle a Southern victory. Canoeing on the Shenandoah River near Winchester, Virginia. ... Strasburg is a town located in Shenandoah County, Virginia. ... Winchester is a city located in the state of Virginia. ... The Potomac River at Great Falls, MD from Olmstead Island, water relatively low The Potomac River flows into Chesapeake Bay, located along the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States (USA). ... There have been at several notable men named John Pope: John Pope, (1770-1845), U.S. politician, Senator for Kentucky, Governor of Arkansas Territory John Pope, (1822-1892), U.S. Soldier, Union General in the Civil War John Pope, (born c. ...

He next received command of the defense forces at Washington, and in December sailed from New York with a strong force to replace General B. F. Butler at New Orleans, Louisiana, as commander of the Department of the Gulf. Under orders to ascend the obstructed Mississippi River to join forces with Ulysses Grant, who was then trying to capture Vicksburg, Banks first pushed a Confederate force up the Teche and marched to Alexandria, Louisiana, hauling off slaves, cotton and cattle from a rich agricultural area. When the Confederates reduced their garrison at Port Hudson, Louisiana, on the Mississipi, he invested that place in May 1863. Two attempts to carry the works by storm during the Siege of Port Hudson, as at Vicksburg, were dismal failures. Port Hudson was the first time African American soldiers were used in a major Civil War battle, as permitted by Banks. Low on food and ammunition, the garrison surrendered on the 9th of July after receiving word that Vicksburg had fallen. Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: The Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York City Governor George Pataki (R) Senators Charles Schumer (D) Hillary Rodham Clinton (D) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 kmÂ² or 54,556 square miles (27th) - Land... Benjamin Franklin Butler Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 â€“ January 11, 1893) was an American lawyer, soldier and politician. ... Jump to: navigation, search New Orleans (local pronunciations: , , or ) (French: La Nouvelle-OrlÃ©ans, pronounced in standard French accent) is a major U.S. port city and the largest city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. ... Jump to: navigation, search This page is about the river in the United States; there is also a Canadian Mississippi River (Ontario). ... Ulysses Simpson Grant (April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American Civil War General and the 18th (1869–1877) President of the United States. ... Illinois Memorial in Vicksburg National Military Park. ... Jump to: navigation, search Alexandria is a city in Louisiana, U.S.A.; it is the parish seat of Rapides Parish, on the south bank of the Red River in almost the exact geographic center of the state. ... Port Hudson, is a small town in Louisiana located about 20 mile northeast of Baton Rouge. ... 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Battle of Port Hudson Conflict American Civil War Date May 21-July 9, 1863 Place East Baton Rouge Parish and East Feliciana Parish, Louisiana Result Union victory The Siege of Port Hudson occurred in 1863 when 30,000 Union Army troops surrounded the Mississippi River town of Port Hudson, Louisiana. ...

In the autumn of 1863, Banks organized two seaborne expeditions to Texas, chiefly for the purpose of preventing the French in Mexico from aiding the Confederates or occupying Texas, and he eventually secured possession of the region near the mouth of the Rio Grande and the Texas outer islands. But his Red River Campaign, March-May 1864, strongly urged by superior authority, was forced to return after a series of battles with mixed outcomes. The naval force arrived on the Red River with intent to take on cotton as lucrative prizes of war, and Banks allowed rich speculators to come also for the gathering of cotton. Added to the mix was a cooperating force unable to arrive overland from Arkansas,two attached corps belonging to General William T. Sherman acting semi-independently, and dangerously low water levels on the river that supplied the army. 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... ... Jump to: navigation, search Motto: Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God our Vindicator) Anthem: God Save the South (unofficial) Dixie (popular) Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861â€“May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861â€“April 9, 1865 Danville, Virginia April 3â€“April 10, 1865 Largest city New Orleans February 4... Jump to: navigation, search The Rio Grande flowing in Big Bend National Park Known as the Rio Grande in the United States and as the RÃo Bravo (or, more formally, the RÃo Bravo del Norte) in Mexico, the river, 3034 km long, rises in the San Juan Mountains... The Red River Campaign was a series of battles fought along the Red River in Louisiana during the American Civil War between the dates of 10 March and 22 May, 1864. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1864 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Portrait of William Tecumseh Sherman by Mathew Brady William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, and author. ...

Removed from his field command, President Lincoln had Banks on leave in Washington for months lobbying for the president's reconstruction plans for Louisiana. Banks had earlier engineered the election victory of a moderate loyalist civilian government in Louisiana, inaugurated by elaborate celebrations he organized and funded. The secret presidential investigating commission headed by conservative Democrats William Farrar Smith and James T. Brady in early 1865 devoted considerable effort to trying to connect Banks with vice and irregular trading permits in the New Orleans area. The somewhat one-sided final commission report, which did not specifically accuse him of wrongdoing, was never released. But he had definitely granted special favors without apparent compensation to men later connected to the Credit Mobilier scandal and to a few others of questionable reputation. Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: Pelican State Other U.S. States Capital Baton Rouge Largest city New Orleans Governor Kathleen Blanco (D) Senators Mary Landrieu (D) David Vitter (R) Official languages None; English and French de facto Area 134,382 kmÂ² (31st) - Land 112,927 kmÂ² - Water 21,455... William F. Baldy Smith William Farrar Smith (February 17, 1824 â€“ February 28, 1903), was a civil engineer, a police commissioner, and Union general in the American Civil War. ... The Crédit Mobilier of America scandal of 1872 involved the Union Pacific Railroad and the Crédit Mobilier of America construction company. ...

In August 1865, he was mustered out of the service by President Andrew Johnson, and from 1865 to 1873 he was again a representative in Congress, serving as chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee and sometimes as chair of the Republican caucus. He played a key role in the final passage of the Alaska Purchase legislation and was one of the strongest early advocates of Manifest Destiny. He wanted the United States to acquire Canada and the Caribbean islands to reduce European influence in the region. He also served on the committee investigating the Credit Mobilier scandal. Jump to: navigation, search Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 â€“ July 31, 1875) was the sixteenth Vice President (1865) and the seventeenth President of the United States (1865â€“1869), succeeding to the presidency upon the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1873 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search The Alaska purchase from Russia by the United States occurred in 1867 at the behest of Secretary of State William Seward. ... Jump to: navigation, search This painting (circa 1872) by John Gast called American Progress is an allegorical representation of Manifest Destiny. ...

Unhappiness with the course of the administration of President Ulysses Grant led in 1872 to his joining the Liberal-Republican revolt in support of Horace Greeley. While Banks was campaigning across the North for Greeley, an oppponent successly gathered enough support to defeat him in his Massachusetts district as the Liberal-Republican and Democratic candidate. He thought his involvement with a start-up Kentucky railroad and other railroads would substitute for the poltical loss. But the Panic of 1873 doomed the railroad, and Banks went on the lecture curcuit and served in the Massachusetts Senate. Jump to: navigation, search 1872 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... The United States Liberal Republican Party was a political party formed in 1872 to oppose the administration of the then-current President, Ulysses S. Grant. ... Horace Greeley (1811-1872) Photographic portrait of Greeley Horace Greeley (February 3, 1811â€“November 29, 1872) was an American newspaper editor and politician. ... The Panic of 1873 was touched off on September 18, 1873, when the Philadelphia banking firm Jay Cooke and Company closed its doors and declared bankruptcy. ...

In 1874 he was elected to Congress again as an independent and served the following term as a Republican again (1875-1877. He was a member of the committee investigating the irregular 1876 elections in South Carolina. Defeated for yet another term, the president appointed him United States marshal for Massachusetts, a post he held from 1879 until 1888, when for the tenth time he was elected to Congress as a Republican. This final term saw significant mental deterioration, and he was not renominated. He died at Waltham, on the 1st of September 1894 and was buried there. Jump to: navigation, search 1874 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 1875 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1877 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: Palmetto State Other U.S. States Capital Columbia Largest city Columbia Governor Mark Sanford (R) Senators Lindsey Graham (R) Jim DeMint (R) Official languages English Area 82,965 kmÂ² (40th) - Land 78,051 kmÂ² - Water 4,915 kmÂ² (6%) Population (2000) - Population 4,012... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: Bay State Other U.S. States Capital Boston Largest city Boston Governor Mitt Romney (R) Senators Edward Kennedy (D) John Kerry (D) Official languages English Area 27,360 kmÂ² (44th) - Land 20,317 kmÂ² - Water 7,043 kmÂ² (25. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1879 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. ... Waltham is a city located in Middlesex County, Massachusetts. ... 1894 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...

References

Banks, Raymond H., The King of Louisiana, 1862-1865,and Other Government Work: A Biography of Major General Nathaniel Prentice Banks. http://www.members.cox.net/generalbanks/Index

Categories: Governors of Massachusetts | Members of the U.S. House of Representatives | Speakers of the U.S. House of Representatives | Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives | U.S. Army generals | 1816 births | 1894 deaths | American Civil War people Linn Boyd (November 22, 1800–December 17, 1859) was a prominent U.S. politician of the 1840s and 1850s, and served as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1851 to 1855. ... Representative Dennis Hastert of Illinois is currently the Speaker of the House of Representatives. ... Jump to: navigation, search February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search March 3 is the 62nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (63rd in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... 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Joseph Bradley Varnum (January 29, 1751–September 21, 1821) was a U.S. politician of the Democratic-Republican Party from the state of Massachusetts. ... Jump to: navigation, search Henry Clay Henry Clay (April 12, 1777 in Hanover County, Virginia â€“ June 29, 1852 in Washington, D.C.) was an American statesman and orator who served in both the House of Representatives and Senate. ... Langdon Cheves (pronounced chivis), (September 17, 1776–June 25, 1857), was an American politician and a president of the Second Bank of the United States. ... Jump to: navigation, search Henry Clay Henry Clay (April 12, 1777 in Hanover County, Virginia â€“ June 29, 1852 in Washington, D.C.) was an American statesman and orator who served in both the House of Representatives and Senate. ... John W. Taylor (March 26, 1784–September 18, 1854), was an early 19th century U.S. politician from New York. ... This article needs cleanup. ... 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For others named Thomas Foley, see that page. ... Jump to: navigation, search Newt Gingrich Newton Leroy Gingrich, Ph. ... Jump to: navigation, search Dennis Hastert John Dennis Hastert (born January 2, 1942), American politician, has been a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives since 1987, representing the 14th District of Illinois (map). ...

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