National Bolshevik Party
Leader	Eduard Limonov
Founded	1992
Headquarters	Moscow
Official ideology/ political position	National Bolshevism (a combination of Nationalism and Socialism)
International affiliation	unknown
Website	www.NPB-Info.com

The National Bolshevik Party (Russian: Национал-большевистская партия) (also known as Nazbol) is a political party which is dedicated to the ideology of National Bolshevism. Although the Party was liquidated by a lower court in June 2005, the Russian Supreme Court overturned the ban in August, just two months later. However, the party is still barred from election registration.^[1] NBP is a prominent member of "The Other Russia" coalition of opposition parties. It was outlawed again on 19 April 2007.^[2] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixelsFull resolution (1530 × 1020 pixel, file size: 197 KB, MIME type: image/png) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... Flag of the National Bolsheviks. ... Eugène Delacroixs Liberty Leading the People, symbolising French nationalism during the July Revolution 1830. ... “Political Parties” redirects here. ... Flag of the National Bolsheviks. ... Liquidation, or winding up, refers to a business whose assets are converted to money in order to pay off debt. ... The phrase lower court has several possible meanings in English: In reference to an appeal, the lower court is the court whose decision is being reviewed. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation (Russian: ) is the final instance in administrative law, civil law and criminal law cases. ... The Other Russia (Russian: ), sometimes cited as Another Russia, is an umbrella coalition that gathers opponents of the Russian President Vladimir Putin. ... is the 109th day of the year (110th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st Century. ...

Development of the NBP

Members of the National-Bolshevik Party

The party has been led by Eduard Limonov since its founding in 1992 as National Bolshevik Front when it was formed by the amalgamation of six minor groups. ^[3] Aleksandr Dugin was amongst the earliest members and was instrumental in convincing Limonov to enter the political arena. The party first attracted attention in 1992 when two members were arrested for possessing grenades, although Limonov argued that they had been planted. The incident achieved little, apart from giving the NBP some publicity for a boycotting campaign they were organising against Western goods. ^[4] Image File history File links Natzbols. ... Image File history File links Natzbols. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The National Bolshevik Front was the name initially applied to the Russian National Bolshevik Party of Eduard Limonov. ... Aleksandr Gelevich Dugin (Russian: Александр Гельевич Дугин) (1962 - ) is a Russian scholar, political activist, and founder of the contemporary Russian school of geopolitics often known as Eurasianism. He is often seen to be an advocate of National Bolshevism. ...

The NBP joined with other far right groups in 1992 as a member of the National Salvation Front coalition, which was directed in part by Belgian fascist Jean-François Thiriart. ^[5] The group initially progressed but was eventually undone by the war in Chechnya which the NBP supported. When others within the group began to speak out against it the NBP withdrew from the alliance and it crumbled. ^[6] The resulting fall-out lead to the NBP producing a one-off document entitled Limonov vs. Zhirinovsky which attacked the leader of their former allies in the Liberal Democratic Party of Russia by stating that 'a Jew masquerading as a Russian nationalist is a sickness, a pathology' (Zhirinovsky having a Jewish background). ^[7] Since this aborted alliance the NBP attempted to conclude a new deal with Russian National Unity in 1999 but this ultimately came to nothing. ^[8] It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into far right. ... Fascism is an authoritarian political ideology (generally tied to a mass movement) that considers individual and other societal interests subordinate to the needs of the state, and seeks to forge a type of national unity, usually based on, but not limited to, ethnic, cultural, or racial attributes. ... Jean-Francois Thiriart (1922—November 23, 1992) was a Belgian politician of the far right. ... The Chechen Republic (IPA: ; Russian: , Chechenskaya Respublika; Chechen: , Noxçiyn Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (; Russian: ; Chechen: , Noxçiyçö), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia, Chechenia or Noxçiyn, is a federal subject of Russia. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article may require cleanup. ... Leader of the party The Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (Либерально-Демократическая Партия России, Liberalno-Demokratičeskaja Partija Rossii) is a far right political party in Russia. ... Members of Russian National Unity group in a street parade Russian National Unity (RNU) or All-Russian civic patriotic movement Russkoye Natsionalnoye Edinstvo(Russian: ), better translated as Russian Ethnic Unity is an outlawed far-right, ultra-nationalist political party and paramilitary organization based in Russia and operating in states with...

At present, the party membership is around 15,000, with regional departments throughout Russia and a headquarters in Moscow. The party is known for attracting young people on the margin of society, from delinquents to vanguard intellectuals and artists. For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ...

Political programme

Members of the National Bolshevik party at a protest rally in Moscow with a copy of the "Limonka" newspaper. Photo by Mikhail Evstafiev

This article is part of the Third Position series. This series is linked to the Politics and Elections series Image File history File linksMetadata Evstafiev-neo-bolsheviks. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Evstafiev-neo-bolsheviks. ... For other uses, see Moscow (disambiguation). ... The sky over the city where we were happy by Mikhail Evstafiev, oil on canvas, 2006 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Evstafiev (Russian: Михаил Александрович Евстафьев; born in 1963), is a Russian artist, photographer, writer. ... International Third Position was a group formed by Nick Griffin and Derek Holland as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement. ... Image File history File links Celtic-style_crossed_circle. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Politics is the process by which groups of people make decisions. ...

Varieties of Third Positionism National anarchism National Bolshevism Strasserism See Nationalist anarchism for more general article. ... Flag of the National Bolsheviks. ... Strasserism refers to the strand of neo-Nazism that calls for socialism to be initiated alongside nationalism. ... Third Position political parties and movements International Third Position Official National Front Parti Communautaire National-Européen National Bolshevik Front National Bolshevik Party Black Front Parti Communautaire Européen International Third Position (ITP) was a United Kingdom group formed by the Italian Roberto Fiore and as a continuation of the Political Soldier movement that originated in the Third Positionist British National Front in the early 1980s. ... The Official National Front was the leading movement within the British National Front during the 1980s and stood opposed to the Flag Group. ... The Parti communautaire national-européen (PCN) is a Belgium-based political organisation led by Luc Michel. ... The National Bolshevik Front was the name initially applied to the Russian National Bolshevik Party of Eduard Limonov. ... Otto Strasser formed the Black Front after his expulsion from the NSDAP in 1930. ... The Parti Communautaire Européen (PCE) was a pan-European nationalist political party based in Belgium that had a platform similar to National Bolshevism. ... Related Subjects Fascist symbolism Holocaust denial Neo-fascism Political Soldier Strasserism White nationalism White Power As there were many different manifestations of fascism, especially during the interwar years, there were also many different symbols of Fascist movements. ... Richard Harwoods Did Six Million Really Die? Holocaust denial is the claim that the mainstream historical version of the Holocaust is either highly exaggerated or completely falsified. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Political Soldier was a political group within Britains National Front, centred on young radicals Nick Griffin, Patrick Harrington and Derek Holland, that began to emerge in the late 1970s with new destinations in mind for the movement. ... Strasserism refers to the strand of neo-Nazism that calls for socialism to be initiated alongside nationalism. ... // White nationalism (WN) advocates a racial definition (or redefinition) of national identity, as opposed to multiculturalism. ... White Power is an ideology and a political slogan describing the views of white supremacists. ...

Fascism Portal Politics Portal ·  v • d • e

The party believes in the creation of a grand empire that will include the whole of Europe and Russia to be governed under Russian dominance. The party is vehemently opposed to American foreign policy and sees the creation of this 'Eurasia' as an essential counterbalance to Capitalist global domination. However, when Dugin left the NBP to create his own party "Eurasia" the NBP diminished the importance of its geo-political agenda in favor of a national one, concentrating on the defense of Russian minorities in the former USSR republics and the opposition to the political regime in Russia. As for Dugin, Limonov denounced his conservatism and submissiveness to the regime. This article is about the political and historical term. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Eurasia (disambiguation). ... Ths article deals with conservatism as a political philosophy. ...

On the national arena, the party is highly critical of the government of Vladimir Putin and considers state institutions such as the bureaucracy, the police and the courts to be corrupt and authoritarian. In return the Russian authorities often employ repressive methods against the NBP, although they have not officially proclaimed it to be an extremist organization. The party sees Vladimir Putin as Russia's main enemy and in order to seek alliances with all anti-Putin forces, including once despised liberal parties like Yabloko or former prime minister Kasyanov, is ready to set aside traditional its extremist social and national stances. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (Russian: ) (born October 7, 1952) is the current President of the Russian Federation. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      This article is about the sociological concept. ... Extremism is the act of taking a belief, political view or ideology to its most literal extreme. ...

Activities

NBP member with an issue of Another Russia by Eduard Limonov

Since the NBP was refused registration as an official party, its preferred political activity has consisted of direct action stunts, mostly against prominent political figures. One of its most famous direct actions consisted of taking over the Ministry of Health in Moscow on August 2, 2004 in order to protest the cancellation of social benefits in Russia. This was followed by an attempt to occupy Putin's office in December of the same year, although it was put down, and 30 arrests were made. ^[9] Image File history File links Yuliya. ... Image File history File links Yuliya. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Direct action is a form of political activism which seeks immediate remedy for perceived ills, as opposed to indirect actions such as electing representatives who promise to provide remedy at some later date. ... is the 214th day of the year (215th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The NBP's official organ is the journal Limonka (Лимонка). The name is a play of words on Limonov and is idiomatic Russian for grenade. It was forced to change its name after the authorities banned it for "promoting extremism and hatred". The main editor of Limonka for many years was Alexei Tsvetkov (Алексей Цветков).^[10]

On November 7, 2006, police detained 27 Nazbol members after an office break-in on the eve of the celebration of the Bolshevik Revolution.^[11] In 2007, the NBP took part in the Dissenters March and subsequent demonstrations against the government ^[12]. Look up November in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The October Revolution, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was the second phase of the Russian Revolution, the first having been instigated by the events around the February Revolution. ... Protesters at the meeting near Gostiny Dvor, Saint Petersburg, March 3, 2007. ...

NBP banned

In November, 2005, the Russian Supreme Court upheld a ban on the National-Bolshevik Party on the technical ground that it violated the law on political parties by calling itself a party without being registered as such.^[13] The party had already suffered several government crackdowns, including a raid on their offices on 17 June (after which three party members slashed their wrists in protest) and the setting up of Nashi (Ours) [Russian - "our boys", "the good guys"], a government-sponsored movement that has since carried out attacks against the NBP. When formed, Nashi declared that the NBP was its number one enemy.^[14] The decision was overturned by the Supreme Court of Justice on August 16 2005, and the Communist Party of the Russian Federation is now actively seeking to exclude them from events (having previously tolerated NBP supporters at rallies). The party has since seen something of a decline in membership, with a number of units working with the growing Movement Against Illegal Immigration.^[15] is the 168th day of the year (169th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Nashi (Russian: , Youth Movement Ours!) is a Russian youth movement, officially announced by Vasily Yakemenko (leader of the pro-Putin Walking Together youth movement) on 1 March 2005, the founding conference was carried out on 15 April 2005. ... Communist Party supporters attend a May Day rally in Moscow The Communist Party of the Russian Federation (Russian: Коммунистическая партия Российской Федерации = КПРФ; translit. ... Emblem of Movement Against Illegal Immigration The Movement Against Illegal Immigration (DPNI) (Russian: Движение против нелегальной иммиграции — ДПНИ) is a Russian far-right anti-immigrant organization. ...

International groups

A series of much smaller groups known as the National Bolshevik Party, often made up of Russian immigrants, can be found in Latvia, Moldova, Sweden and Ukraine. Their influence is much smaller than their Russian counterpart. There are also small NBPs, made up mostly of Russian immigrants, in the United States, Canada, Israel, and various European countries.^[16]

Some of the main NBP organisations outside Russia include:

Belarus

In Belarus a Pentecostal church in Minsk was vandalised in 2006 with the NBP emblem drawn on its walls. The NBP is not, however, officailly registered in the country.^[17] This followed a similar incident at the Latvian embassy in the city the previous year^[18]. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Pentecostal can... Location of Minsk, shown within the Minsk Voblast Coordinates: Country Subdivision Belarus Minsk Founded 1067 Government  - Mayor Mikhail Pavlov Area  - City 305. ...

Latvia

The NBP has organised in Latvia and has held offices in Riga^[19] This Latvian branch has variously been led by Konstantin Mihailuk and Vladimir Linderman. Although it has made some noted publicity stunts it is largely a very minor phenomenon in Latvian politics^[20]. Two Russian party members were detained in May 2007 whilst attempting to illegally cross the border between the two countries.^[21] For other uses, see Riga (disambiguation). ...

Lithuania

A Lithuanian Bolshevik party organises and has close links to the Russian NBP^[22]

Moldova

The Molodvan National Bolshevik Party was refused registration as a political party in 2005 and so registered as non-governmental organization, with Transnistria as its main centre of activity^[23]. “NGO” redirects here. ... For the region during the Second World War, see Transnistria (World War II). ...

Sweden

A NBP organises in Sweden and uses a flag combinig the Swdish flag and the NBP flag^[24]. The group is led by Thomas Sutter, who has previously claimed to have gone on a hunger strike due to his treatment by the Swedish government^[25]. The group's website is inactive^[26].

Ukraine

The NBP organises in Ukraine and in 1996 they joined a number of other small parties in signing a 'Declaration of the Kiev Council of Slav Radical Nationalists' in an initiative led by the Ukrainian National Assembly^[27]. The Ukrainian NBP, which is largely based in the east of the country, broke shaprly from this movement, now known as the UNA-UNSO, during the run-up to the Orange Revolution. Whilst the UNA-UNSO lent its support to Viktor Yushchenko the NBP, with its close ties to Russia, declared in favour of Viktor Yanukovych.^[28] Emblem of UNA-UNSO The UNA-UNSO (Ukrainian National Assembly – Ukrainian National Self Defence) (Ukrainian: УНА УНСО, Українська Національна Асамблея – Українська Національна Самооборона), is the most prominent far-right, ultra-nationalist political organization in Ukraine. ... Orange-clad supporters of Viktor Yushchenko gather in Independence Square in Kiev. ... Viktor Andriyovych Yushchenko (Ukrainian:  ) (born February 23, 1954) is the current President of Ukraine. ... Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych (Ukrainian: ; Russian: ) (born on July 9, 1950 in Yenakiieve, Donetsk Oblast) is the Prime Minister of Ukraine. ...

Dissident groups

A consistent group of NBP followers disagrees with Limonov's new strategy of seeking political alliances with pro-Western and pro-market liberal-democratic forces. They call themselves NBP bez Limonova (NBP without Limonov) or simply National Bolsheviks, because they regard themselves the real followers of National Bolshevism, accusing Limonov of betraying party's original ideas in order to gain personal visibility. In August 2006, an anti-Limonovist faction of the National Bolshevik Party formed the National Bolshevik Front.^[29] The National Bolshevik Front was the name initially applied to the Russian National Bolshevik Party of Eduard Limonov. ...

Footnotes

Martin A. Lee is an author and activist who has written extensively on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues and drug politics. ... The Beast Reawakens is a book by investigative journalist Martin A. Lee. ... Martin A. Lee is an author and activist who has written extensively on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues and drug politics. ... The Beast Reawakens is a book by investigative journalist Martin A. Lee. ... Martin A. Lee is an author and activist who has written extensively on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues and drug politics. ... The Beast Reawakens is a book by investigative journalist Martin A. Lee. ... Martin A. Lee is an author and activist who has written extensively on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues and drug politics. ... The Beast Reawakens is a book by investigative journalist Martin A. Lee. ... Martin A. Lee is an author and activist who has written extensively on far-right movements, terrorism, media issues and drug politics. ... The Beast Reawakens is a book by investigative journalist Martin A. Lee. ... Searchlight is a British anti-fascist magazine, founded in 1975, which publishes exposés about racism, antisemitism, and fascism in the UK. Searchlights main focus is on the British National Party (BNP), Combat 18, and other sections of the far right, although it has also published criticism of the... Searchlight is a British anti-fascist magazine, founded in 1975, which publishes exposés about racism, antisemitism, and fascism in the UK. Searchlights main focus is on the British National Party (BNP), Combat 18, and other sections of the far right, although it has also published criticism of the... Cover of Radio Liberty booklet The Most Important Job in the World Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a radio and communications organization which is funded by the United States Congress. ... Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is a radio and communications organization which is funded by the United States Congress. ... is the 62nd day of the year (63rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st Century. ... Searchlight is a British anti-fascist magazine, founded in 1975, which publishes exposés about racism, antisemitism, and fascism in the UK. Searchlights main focus is on the British National Party (BNP), Combat 18, and other sections of the far right, although it has also published criticism of the... Searchlight is a British anti-fascist magazine, founded in 1975, which publishes exposés about racism, antisemitism, and fascism in the UK. Searchlights main focus is on the British National Party (BNP), Combat 18, and other sections of the far right, although it has also published criticism of the... Cas Mudde is a senior lecturer and former chairman of the Department of Political Science at the University of Antwerp in Belgium. ... Searchlight is a British anti-fascist magazine, founded in 1975, which publishes exposés about racism, antisemitism, and fascism in the UK. Searchlights main focus is on the British National Party (BNP), Combat 18, and other sections of the far right, although it has also published criticism of the...

External links

• (English) National Bolshevik Party website
• (Russian) National Bolshevik Party website
• (Russian) National Bolshevik Front
• (Russian) Limonka online
• (English) National Bolshevik Party banned in Russia NOVOSTI - "Court upholds registration ban against National Bolshevik party" April 13, 2006, Retrieved April 27, 3006
• (Russian) Article by Anna Politkovskaya -1
• (Russian) Article by Anna Politkovskaya -2