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The National Islamic Front is the political organization that controls Sudan. It supports the maintenance of a Islamic state run on sharia and rejects the concept of a secular state. While its legal front is the political party, the National Congress, there is little actual distinction between the two. It is nominally led by President Omar Hassan al-Bashir. The NIF has shown itself to be both politically adept and ruthless in its use of violence, in particular in the internal conflicts of the Second Sudanese Civil War and the Darfur conflict, as well in the provisioning of proxy forces such as the Lord's Resistance Army, West Nile Bank Front and Uganda National Rescue Front II against Uganda. Foreign relations Main article: Foreign relations of Sudan Sudan has a territorial dispute with Egypt over the Halaib Triangle. ...
Islam ( Arabic al-islām الإسلام, listen?) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ...
Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ...
This article concerns secularism, the exclusion of religion and supernatural beliefs. ...
A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues. ...
The National Congress is the only official political party of Sudan. ...
Omar al-Bashir Lieutenant General Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir (born January 1, 1944) is the president of Sudan. ...
The Second Sudanese Civil War started in 1983, although it is most accurately a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. ...
The Darfur conflict is an ongoing conflict in the Darfur region of western Sudan, mainly between the Janjaweed, a government-supported militia recruited from local Arab tribes, and the non-Arab peoples of the region. ...
Labuje IDP camp near Kitgum Town The Lords Resistance Army (LRA), formed in 1987, is a rebel paramilitary group operating in northern Uganda, and as of April 2005 is engaged in an armed conflict against the Ugandan government. ...
The West Nile Bank Front (WNBF) was a rebel armed force in Uganda under the command of Juma Oris. ...
The Republic of Uganda is a country in east central Africa. ...
Created in the 1960s as an Islamist student group, it was known as the Islamic Charter Front. From 1964 to 1969 it was headed by Hassan Abdallah al-Turabi after the overthrow of the government of President Ibrahim Abbud. In this period, the ICF managed to eject the Communist Party from the parliament. In 1969 the government was overthrown by General Ja'far al-Numayri in a coup d'état, after which the members of the Islamic Charter Front were placed under house arrest or fled the country. For a 15 year period from this point, the organization was called the Muslim Brotherhood after the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt. In 1979, when Numayri sought an accomodation with the Muslim Brotherhood, al-Turabi was invited to become Attorney-General, a position in which he pushed for the strict application of sharia in 1983. Throughout the Cold War, the organization benefitted from the anti-Communist support of the United States and the pro-Islam support of Saudi Arabia. Islamism is a political ideology derived from the conservative religious views of Muslim fundamentalism. ...
A Communist party is a party which promotes Communism. ...
A coup détat, or simply a coup, is the sudden overthrow of a government, usually done by a small group that just replaces the top power figures. ...
The Muslim Brotherhood, also called Muslim Brethren (Arabic: جميعة الإخوان المسلمين jamiat al-Ikhwan al-muslimin, literally Society of Muslim Brothers; often only الإخوان المسلمون, Ikhwan ul Muslimoon (Muslim Brothers) or simply الإخوان Ikhwan (the Brothers) is an Islamic organization with a political approach to Islam. ...
The Arab Republic of Egypt, commonly known as Egypt, (in Arabic: مصر, romanized Miṣr or Maṣr, in Egyptian dialect) is a republic mostly located in north-eastern Africa. ...
The Cold War ( 1947- 1991) was the open yet restricted rivalry that developed after World War II between groups of nations practicing different ideologies and political systems. ...
Communism is a term that can refer to one of several things: a social and economic system, an ideology which supports that system, or a political movement that wishes to implement that system. ...
Islam ( Arabic al-islām الإسلام, listen?) the submission to God is a monotheistic faith and the worlds second-largest religion. ...
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country on the Arabian Peninsula. ...
In 1985, the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood was charged with sedition, prompting them to carry out a coup against President al-Numayri. After gaining power, al-Turabi renamed the organization the National Islamic Front. The NIF's financial strength and backing among university graduates gave them only ten percent of the vote, and a third place position, in the 1986 elections. In 1989, the NIF overthrew the elected government of Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi. While some NIF leaders, including al-Turabi, were placed under house arrest following the coup as part of the internal power struggle that brought President Omar al-Bashir to power, they were soon released. The NIF created the National Congress Party as a legal cover. Sources disagree as to whether or not the NIF has been subsumed under the National Congress. Sedition is a deprecated term of law to refer to non-overt conduct such as speech and organization that is deemed by the legal authority as tending toward insurrection against the established order. ...
Sadiq al Mahdi became Prime Minister of Sudan in 1986, when he formed a coalition government comprised of the Umma party (which he led); the National Islamic Front (led by his brother-in-law, Hassan al-Turabi); the Democratic Unionist Party; and four small Southern parties. ...
Omar al-Bashir Lieutenant General Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir (born January 1, 1944) is the president of Sudan. ...
The National Congress is the only official political party of Sudan. ...
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