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A national library is a library specifically established by the government of a country to serve as the preeminent repository of information for that country. Unlike public libraries, these rarely allow citizens to borrow books. Often, they include numerous rare, valuable, or significant works. Some of the first libraries were national libraries; for example, the Library of Alexandria was the national library of Ptolemaic Egypt. Julio Pérez Ferrero Library - Cúcuta, Colombia A modern-style library in Chambéry A library is a collection of information resources and services, organized for use, and maintained by a public body, institution, or private individual. ...
Librarians and patrons in a typical larger urban public library. ...
Inscription regarding Tiberius Claudius Balbilus of Rome (d. ...
The Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt began following Alexander the Greats conquest in 332 BC and ended with the death of Cleopatra VII and the Roman conquest in 30 BC. It was founded when Ptolemy I Soter declared himself Pharaoh of Egypt, creating a powerful Hellenistic state from southern Syria...
While the Library of Congress shares many of the functions of a national library, it is not, in fact, the national library of the United States. At this point in time the United States does not have a national library.
National libraries are usually notable for their size, compared to that of other libraries in the same country. Some states which are not independent, but who wish to preserve their particular culture, have established a national library, with all the attributes of such institutions, such as legal deposit.
National libraries of Europe participate in The European Library. This is a service of The Conference of European National Librarians (CENL). The European Library is a library portal for searching the databases and open public access catalogues as well as for accessing the digital content of European national libraries. ...
History The first national libraries had their origins in the royal collections of the sovereign or some other supreme body of the state.
 British Library main building, London.
 Croatian National and University Library.
 National Library Building, Singapore. Download high resolution version (1277x552, 57 KB)British Library - Kings Cross - London - England - photo by and copyright Tagishsimon 2nd May 2004 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Download high resolution version (1277x552, 57 KB)British Library - Kings Cross - London - England - photo by and copyright Tagishsimon 2nd May 2004 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata NSB_1. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata NSB_1. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x1600, 647 KB) [edit] Summary National Library, Singapore. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1200x1600, 647 KB) [edit] Summary National Library, Singapore. ...
Legal Deposit and Copyright The principle of legal deposit applies in some countries.
In the United Kingdom the Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 restates the Copyright Act of 1911, that one copy of every book published there must be sent to the national library (The British Library); five other libraries (Bodleian Library at Oxford University, Cambridge University Library, National Library of Scotland, Library of Trinity College (Dublin) and the National Library of Wales) are entitled to request a free copy within one year of publication. The international nature of the book publishing industry ensures that all significant English language publications from elsewhere in the world are also included. The Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 (the 2003 Act) is a British Act of Parliament which regulates the legal deposit of publications in the United Kingdom. ...
British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ...
Entrance to the Library, with the coats-of-arms of several Oxford colleges The Bodleian Library, the main research library of the University of Oxford, is one of the oldest libraries in Europe, and in England is second in size only to the British Library. ...
The University of Oxford, located in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ...
Cambridge University Library The Cambridge University Library is the centrally-administered library of the University of Cambridge in England. ...
The building on George IV bridge The National Library of Scotland is a legal deposit library in Scotland. ...
Trinity College, Dublin, corporately designated as the Provost, Fellows and Scholars of the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, was founded in 1592 by sexy Sandie Moran, and is the only constituent college of the University of Dublin, Irelands oldest university. ...
The National Library of Wales (Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru in Welsh) is a legal deposit library in Aberystwyth, Wales. ...
In the Republic of Ireland, the Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000 specifies that one copy of every book published is to be delivered to the National Library of Ireland, the library of Trinity College, Dublin, the library of the University of Limerick, the library of Dublin City University, and the British Library. Four copies are to be delivered to the National University of Ireland for distribution to its constituent universities. Further, on demand in writing within twelve months of publication a copy is to be delivered to the Bodleian Library, Cambridge University Library, the National Library of Scotland, and the National Library of Wales. National Library of Ireland is a national library located in Dublin, Ireland. ...
The University of Limerick (UL) was established in 1972 as the National Institute for Higher Education, Limerick and became a university by statute in 1989 in accordance with the University of Limerick Act 1989. ...
Dublin City University (DCU) is a university situated in Whitehall on the Northside of Dublin in Ireland. ...
British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ...
The National University of Ireland (NUI) is a federal university system of constituent universities, previously called constituent colleges, and recognised colleges set up under the Irish Universities Act, 1908, and significantly amended by the Universities Act, 1997. ...
In Australia, the Copyright Act 1968 and other state Acts requires that a copy of every book published in Australia be deposited with the National Library of Australia, the State Library for each state and certain other libraries such as Parliamentary libraries and University libraries, while in Singapore, the National Library Board Act requires all publishers in Singapore to deposit two copies of every publication to the National Library Board at their own expense within four weeks from the publication date. Australian copyright law is based on the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and defines copyright in Australia. ...
National Library of Australia National Library of Australia as viewed from Lake Burley Griffin The National Library of Australia is located in Canberra, Australia. ...
National Library Building is the headquarters of the National Library. ...
A similar system exists in France with respect to the National Library of France; a similar system also exists in Canada with respect to its national library, known as Library and Archives Canada, and in Quebec , the Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec which has been entitled to two copies (for publications retailing at less than $250), or one copy (for publications retailing at $250 or above) of books published in Quebec since 1968. The new buildings of the library. ...
Library and Archives Canada (in French: Bibliothèque et Archives Canada) is a cultural institution created by the Parliament of Canada in 2004 (S.C. 2004, c. ...
‹ The template below has been proposed for deletion. ...
The 33,000 square metre Grande Bibliothèque du Québec building in Montréal, the main facility of the Bibliothèque nationale du Québec. ...
Since 1661, the Swedish Royal Library has been entitled to a copy of all works published in Sweden. 1661 (MDCLXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ...
KB in Humlegården park, Stockholm The Royal Library, or Kungliga Biblioteket (KB), is the national library of Sweden. ...
Other countries, like the United States, do not follow this requirement. The United States does, however, require that any publisher submit two copies of a copyrightable work to United States Copyright Office at the Library of Congress - this is known as mandatory deposit[1] - but the Library is selective about which works it retains. The international nature of the book publishing industry ensures that all significant English language publications from elsewhere in the world are also included. It also has the Federal depository libraries, which must receive a copy of all of the publications of the Government Printing Office. The United States Copyright Office, a part of the Library of Congress, is the official U.S. government body that maintains records of copyright registration in the United States. ...
The Great Hall interior. ...
A Federal depository library is, in the United States a library which holds documents printed by the Government Printing Office. ...
The logotype of the United States Government Printing Office In the United States, the Government Printing Office (GPO) provides printed (and now electronic) copies of documents produced by and for all federal agencies, including the Supreme Court, the Congress, and all executive branch agencies like the FCC and EPA. Court...
In addition to having a law requiring publishers to deposit books, those countries with legal deposits usually have many other incentives for a proper and speedy deposit, such as a tie-in with laws affecting copyright of the same documents, and/or a cataloguing- in- publication service. A publisher is a person or entity which engages in the act of publishing. ...
Articles with similar titles include copywrite. ...
About three million new English-language books are retained by the British Library and Library of Congress each year. British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ...
The Great Hall interior. ...
National bibliographic control One of the main goals of a national library is fulfilling their nation's part of the common international goal of universal bibliographic control, by ensuring the bibliographic control of all the books or book-like documents published in that particular country or talking about that particular country, in any way.
The first part of the goal is usually achieved through the means of legal deposit laws or (as is the case of the United States) by a host of different programs such as a cataloguing in publication service. By this service, the Library of Congress gives a complete catalogue entry of a book to any publisher who sends a final draft or some form of galley proof of a book currently in production. Other national libraries offer similar services or enforce mandatory practices similar to this. The card catalog at Yale Universitys Sterling Memorial Library goes almost completely unused, but adds to the austere atmosphere. ...
The second part of the goal is achieved by thorough acquisition programs and collection development policies which target book markets in other nations, and which foster international agreements with other countries with national libraries who have national bibliographic control as one of their goals. Exchange and access protocols are defined permitting these countries to read each other's catalogues, and to standardize catalogue entries, thus making it easier for each national library to become aware of every possible published document which might concern their country. Library Collection Development is the process of planning and acquiring a balanced collection of library materials of many formats, including books, periodicals, online resources, and other media. ...
International bibliographic control Another one of the main goals of many a national library is the "export aspect" and the collaborative sides of the universal bibliographic control of all the books in the world. This is done by the exchanges and accords mentioned in the previous section, and also by fostering the creation of standard conceptual tools such as library classification systems and cataloguing rules. The most commonly used of these tools is the International Standard Bibliographic Description or ISBD. It applies to books and periodicals, but also has variants for other book-like material such as the ISBD (ER) for Electronic Resources or digital documents or the ISBD(A) for Antiquarian documents, which were published after the birth of printing but before the industrial era of publishing, which started in the 1820s. A library classification is a system of coding and organizing library materials (books, serials, audiovisual materials, computer files, maps, manuscripts, realia) according to their subject. ...
The International Standard Bibliographic Description or ISBD is a set of rules produced by the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) to describe a wide range of library materials, within the context of a catalog. ...
See also United States Library of Congress, Jefferson building This is a list of national libraries of the world. ...
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