Later day Iroquois longhouse housing several hundred people

Interior of a longhouse with Chief Powhatan (detail of John Smith map, 1612)

Longhouses were built by native peoples in various parts of North America, sometimes reaching over 100 meters long (330 ft) but generally around 5 to 7 meters wide (16-23 ft). The construction method was also different: the dominant theory is that walls were made of sharpened and fire-hardened poles (up to 1,000 saplings for a 50 meter house) driven into the ground with their tops bent over and tied to the poles of the opposite wall. Strips of bark were then woven horizontally through the lines of poles to form more or less weatherproof walls with doors usually in one end of the house, although doors also were built into sides of especially long longhouses.They were long and sometimes had fireplaces that kept them warm Image File history File links Long_House_Iroquois_Allen. ... Image File history File links Long_House_Iroquois_Allen. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (484x699, 173 KB) Summary Detail from: Image:Virginia map john smith large. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (484x699, 173 KB) Summary Detail from: Image:Virginia map john smith large. ... Chief Powhatan (detail of map published by John Smith (1612) Chief Powhatan ( 1547— 1618) , whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh or (in seventeenth century English spelling) Wahunsunacock, was the leader of the Powhatan (also spelled Powatan and Powhaten), a powerful tribe of Native Americans, speaking an Algonquian language, who lived in... A longhouse at the Museum of Anthropology at the University of British Columbia. ... Native Americans redirects here. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ...

Iroquois and other East Coast longhouses

The Iroquois (Haudenosaunee or People of the Longhouses) who lived in New York and Ontario built and lived in longhouses. Longer than they were wide, these longhouses had openings at both ends that served as doors and were covered with animal skins during the winter to keep out the cold. On average a typical longhouse was about 80 feet long by 18 feet wide by 18 feet high (24 x 5.5 x 5.5 m) and was meant to house up to twenty or more families. Poles were set in the ground and supported by horizontal poles along the walls. The roof is made by bending a series of poles, resulting in an arc-shaped roof. The frame is covered by bark that is sewn in place and layered as shingles, and reinforced by light poles. For other uses, see Iroquois (disambiguation). ... This article is about the state. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government - Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley - Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 106 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area...

Missionaries who visited these longhouses often wrote about how dark the interior of the dwelling was. A missionary is a propagator of religion, often an evangelist or other representative of a religious community who works among those outside of that community. ...

At the outer regions of the woodland housing locality were inviolable protective palisades that stood fourteen to sixteen feet high safeguarding the housing region from foreign nations and wild animals.

Ventilation openings, later singly dubbed as a smoke hole were positioned at intervals possibly totaling five to six along the roofing of the long house. // Smoke holes infer to the historical and modern reconstructed Native American long house ceiling ventilation. ...

Tribes or ethnic groups in the northeast of North America, south and east of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie that had traditions of building longhouses are, among others, the Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) including the Five Nations Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga , Oneida and Mohawk. Also the Wyandot and Erie. Another large group that built longhouses, among others, were the Lenni Lenape, living from the lower Hudson river, along the Delaware river and on both sides of the Delaware Bay, and the Pamunkey of the maybe-related Powhattan Confederacy in Virginia For other uses, see Iroquois (disambiguation). ... The Seneca are a Native American people, one of the Six Nations of the Iroquois League. ... The Cayuga nation (Guyohkohnyo or the People of the Great Swamp) was one of the five original constituents of the Iroquois, a confederacy of Indians in New York. ... For other uses, see Onondaga. ... For other uses, see Oneida. ... This article is about the people known as Mohawk. For other uses, see Mohawk. ... The Wyandot, or Wendat, is an indigenous people of North America, originally from what is now Southern Ontario, Quebec, Canada and Southeast Michigan. ... The Erie (also Erielhonan, Eriez, Nation du Chat) were a prehistoric group of Native Americans, related to the Iroquois, who lived from western New York to northern Ohio on the south shore of Lake Erie. ... The Lenape or Lenni-Lenape (later named Delaware Indians by Europeans) were, in the 1600s, loosely organized bands of Native American people practicing small-scale agriculture to augment a largely mobile hunter-gatherer society in the region around the Delaware River, the lower Hudson River, and western Long Island Sound. ... The Pamunkey Native American tribe has been in existence since pre-Columbian times. ... The Powhatan (also spelled Powatan and Powhaten) were a very powerful tribe of Native Americans, speaking an Algonquian language, who lived in what is now Virginia at the time of the first European-Native encounters. ...

West Coast longhouse

A longhouse at the Museum of Anthropology at the University of British Columbia.

As there were more forests along the Pacific coast, these long house are built with a log or split log frame and covered with split log planks, and sometimes an additional bark cover. In an Iroquois longhouse there may have been 20 or more families which were all related through the mothers' side, along with the other relatives. Cedar is the preferred resource. The length of these long houses is usually 60–100 feet (18–30 m).^{[citation needed]} The wealthy built extraordinarily large longhouses. The Suquamish Old Man House at what became the Port Madison Reservation was 500 x 40–60 ft (152 x 12–18 m), c. 1850.^[1][2] Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 1690 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Long house Native American long house User:Buchanan-Hermit/photographs/uel Metadata This file contains additional information, probably... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1704x2272, 1690 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Long house Native American long house User:Buchanan-Hermit/photographs/uel Metadata This file contains additional information, probably... The Museum of Anthropology. ... The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a Canadian public research university with campuses in Vancouver and Kelowna. ... Suquamish woman photographed by Edward S. Curtis in 1913. ... Old Man House was the largest longhouse built on Puget Sound. ... Port Madison is a deep water harbor located on the northern end of Bainbridge Island in Puget Sound west of Seattle, Washington. ...

Usually there is one doorway that faces the shore. Each long house contains a number of booths along both sides of the central hallway, separated by wooden containers (akin to modern drawers). Each booth also has its own individual fire. Usually an extended family occupied one long house, and cooperated in obtaining food, building canoes, and other daily tasks. The roof is a slanted shed roof. and pitched to various degrees depending upon the rainfall.^{[citation needed]} The gambrel roof was unique to Puget Sound Coast Salish.^[1] The front is often very elaborately decorated with an integrated mural of numerous drawings of faces and totemic or crest icons of raven, bear, whale, etc. A totem pole is always accompanied with a long house, though the style varies greatly, and sometimes is even used as part of the entrance way.long houses had enough room to fit up to 50 people. Puget Sound For the university in this region, see University of Puget Sound. ... The Coast Salish are a group of Salishan-speaking First Nations/Native American in British Columbia and Washington. ... A Gitxsan pole (left) and Kwakwakawakw pole (right) at Thunderbird Park in Victoria, British Columbia. ...

Tribes or ethnic groups along the North American Pacific coast with some sort of longhouse building traditions are among others Haida, Tsimshian, Tlingit, Makah, Clatsop, Coast Salish and Multnomah (tribe). This article is about the people. ... The Tsimshian, usually pronounced in English as // (SIM-shee-an), translated as People Inside the Skeena River, are Indigenous, or Native American and First Nation people who live around Terrace and Prince Rupert, on the north coast of British Columbia and the southernmost corner of Alaska on Annette Island. ... A Tlingit totem pole in Ketchikan ca. ... For the Arabian city sometimes called Makkah, see Mecca. ... The Clatsop (in the original language, La t cap, meaning placed of dried salmon) (Lāk!ēlak, dried Salmon, F. Boas) are a small tribe of Chinookan-speaking Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. ... The Coast Salish are a group of Salishan-speaking First Nations/Native American in British Columbia and Washington. ... The Multnomah were a tribe of Chinookan people who lived in the area of Portland, Oregon in the United States up through the early 19th century. ...

Notes and references

1. ^ ^{a b} Suttles & Lane (1990), p. 491
2. ^ Old Man House is occasionally found (incorrectly or from Chinook Jargon) as Ole Man House or Oleman House.

Chinook Jargon was a trade language (or pidgin) of the Pacific Northwest, which spread quickly up the West Coast from Oregon, through Washington, British Columbia, and as far as Alaska. ...

Bibliography

• Suttles, Wayne P.; Lane, Barbara (1990-08-20). "South Coast Salish". Handbook of North American Indians 7. Northwest coast. Ed. Sturtevant, William C.. Washington: Smithsonian Institution. p. 491. ISBN 0-16-020390-2 (v. 7). Retrieved on 2006-08-06. 

Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 218th day of the year (219th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Further reading

• Long house at Ganondagan State Historic Site, Victor, New York, an authentic replica of an Iroquois longhouse.
• http://www.nysm.nysed.gov/IroquoisVillage/constructionone.html