NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Neck

The neck is the part of the body on many limbed vertebrates that distinguishes the head from the torso or trunk. Neck is the body part between the head and torso of many animals. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 460 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolutionâ€Ž (973 Ã— 1,267 pixels, file size: 166 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 460 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolutionâ€Ž (973 Ã— 1,267 pixels, file size: 166 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... For other uses, see Body (disambiguation). ... Typical classes Petromyzontidae (lampreys) Placodermi - extinct Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) Acanthodii - extinct Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfish) Amphibia (amphibians) Reptilia (reptiles) Aves (birds) Mammalia (mammals) Vertebrata is a subphylum of chordates, specifically, those with backbones or spinal columns. ... For other uses of the word head, see head (disambiguation). ... The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ...

Anatomy of the human neck

Bony anatomy: The cervical spine

The cervical portion of the human spine comprises seven bony segments, typically referred to as C-1 to C-7, with cartilaginous discs between each vertebral body. The neck supports the weight of the head and protects the nerves that carry sensory and motor information from the brain down to the rest of the body. In addition, the neck is highly flexible and allows the head to turn and flex in all directions. From top to bottom the cervical spine is gently curved in convex-forward fashion. It is the least marked of all the curves of the column. The vertebral column seen from the side Different regions (curvatures) of the vertebral column The vertebral column (backbone or spine) is a column of vertebrae situated in the dorsal aspect of the abdomen. ... The human brain In animals, the brain (enkephalos) (Greek for in the skull), is the control center of the central nervous system, responsible for behavior. ...

Soft tissue anatomy

In the middle line below the chin can be felt the body of the hyoid bone, just below which is the prominence of the thyroid cartilage called "Adam's apple," better marked in men than in women. Still lower the cricoid cartilage is easily felt, while between this and the suprasternal notch the trachea and isthmus of the thyroid gland may be made out. At the side the outline of the sternomastoid muscle is the most striking mark; it divides the anterior triangle of the neck from the posterior. The upper part of the former contains the submaxillary gland also known as the parotid glands, which lies just below the posterior half of the body of the jaw. The line of the common and the external carotid arteries may be marked by joining the sterno-clavicular articulation to the angle of the jaw. This article is about the part of the face. ... The hyoid bone (Os Hyoideum; Lingual Bone) is a bone in the human neck, not articulated to any other bone; it is supported by the muscles of the neck and in turn supports the root of the tongue. ... The cartilages of the larynx. ... For other uses, see Adams apple (disambiguation). ... The cricoid cartilage, or simply cricoid, is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Windpipe redirects here. ... The thyroid gland and its relations In anatomy, the thyroid (IPA θaɪɹoɪd) is an endocrine gland. ... In human anatomy, the sternocleidomastoid (pronounced ) muscles are muscles in the neck that act to flex and rotate the head. ... The submandibular gland (or submaxillary gland in older references) is one of the salivary glands, responsible for producing saliva. ... Human jaw front view Human jaw left view Human jaw top view The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth. ... Left Common Carotid Artery- One of three arteries that originate along the aortic arch. ... Arteries of the neck - right side. ...

The eleventh or spinal accessory nerve corresponds to a line drawn from a point midway between the angle of the jaw and the mastoid process to the middle of the posterior border of the sterno-mastoid muscle and thence across the posterior triangle to the deep surface of the trapezius. The external jugular vein can usually be seen through the skin; it runs in a line drawn from the angle of the jaw to the middle of the clavicle, and close to it are some small lymphatic glands. The anterior jugular vein is smaller, and runs down about half an inch from the middle line of the neck. The clavicle or collar-bone forms the lower limit of the neck, and laterally the outward slope of the neck to the shoulder is caused by the trapezius muscle. The accessory nerve is the eleventh of twelve cranial nerves. ... Trapezius In human anatomy, the trapezius is a large superficial muscle on a persons back. ... The jugular veins are veins that bring deoxygenated blood from the head back to the heart via the superior vena cava. ... Collarbone and collar bone redirect here. ... The anterior jugular vein begins near the hyoid bone by the confluence of several superficial veins from the submaxillary region. ... Collarbone and collar bone redirect here. ... This article is about the human skeletal muscle. ...

Neck pain

Disorders of the neck are a common source of pain. The neck has a great deal of functionality but is also subject to a lot of stress. Common sources of neck pain (and related pain syndromes, such as pain that radiates down the arm) include:

Whiplash is the common name for a hyper extension/flexion injury to the cervical, thoracic or lumbar spines. ... A spinal disc herniation, incorrectly called a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine, in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring (annulus fibrosus) of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion (nucleus pulposus) to bulge out. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Osteoarthritis / Osteoarthrosis (OA, also known as degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease, arthrosis or in more colloquial terms wear and tear), is a condition in which low-grade inflammation results in pain in the joints, caused by wearing of the cartilage that covers and acts as a cushion inside joints. ... Section of an artery For other uses, see Artery (disambiguation). ... The internal jugular vein collects the blood from the brain, from the superficial parts of the face, and from the neck. ... A venous thrombosis is a blood clot that forms within a vein. ...

See also

The anterior triangle is bounded, in front, by the middle line of the neck; behind, by the anterior margin of the Sternocleidomastoideus; its base, directed upward, is formed by the lower border of the body of the mandible, and a line extending from the angle of the mandible to the... The posterior triangle (or lateral cervical region) is bounded, in front, by the Sternocleidomastoideus; behind, by the anterior margin of the Trapezius; its base is formed by the middle third of the clavicle; its apex, by the occipital bone. ... For other uses, see Throat (disambiguation). ... Human heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... Hanging is the suspension of a person by a ligature, usually a cord wrapped around the neck, causing death. ... Torticollis, or wry neck, is a condition in which the head is tilted toward one side, and the chin is elevated and turned toward the opposite side. ... A diagram of a thoracic vertebra. ... The Spinal cord nested in the vertebral column. ... Chronic pain was originally defined as pain that has lasted 6 months or longer. ... Look up nape in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

External links

Categories: Human anatomy | Head and neck Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ... List of bones of the human skeleton Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body. ... For other uses of the word head, see head (disambiguation). ... In humans, the adult skull is normally made up of 22 bones. ... In human anatomy, the forehead or brow is the bony part of the head above the eyes. ... For other uses, see Eye (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Ear (disambiguation). ... The visible part of the human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils. ... Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx. ... For other uses, see Tongue (disambiguation). ... A mans visible teeth. ... The mandible (from Latin mandibÅla, jawbone) or inferior maxillary bone is, together with the maxilla, the largest and strongest bone of the face. ... For other uses, see Face (disambiguation). ... Look up Cheek in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The Cheeks are the fleshy area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear, the skin being suspended by the chin and the yaws. ... This article is about the part of the face. ... Image File history File links Human body features (external) Created by Vsion. ... For other uses, see Throat (disambiguation). ... The larynx (plural larynges), colloquially known as the voicebox, is an organ in the neck of mammals involved in protection of the trachea and sound production. ... For other uses, see Adams apple (disambiguation). ... The human torso Torso is an anatomical term for the greater part of the human body without the head and limbs. ... This article is about the body part. ... The vertebral column seen from the side Different regions (curvatures) of the vertebral column The vertebral column (backbone or spine) is a column of vertebrae situated in the dorsal aspect of the abdomen. ... For other uses, see Breast (disambiguation). ... Male Chest The chest is a part of the anatomy of humans and various other animals. ... The human rib cage. ... The human abdomen (from the Latin word meaning belly) is the part of the body between the pelvis and the thorax. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A sex organ, or primary sexual characteristic, as narrowly defined, is any of those anatomical parts of the body which are involved in sexual reproduction and constitute the reproductive system in a complex organism; in mammals, these are: Female: Bartholins glands, cervix, clitoris, Fallopian tubes, labia, ovaries, Skenes... The clitoris is a sexual organ that is present in biologically female mammals. ... The vagina, (from Latin, literally sheath or scabbard ) is the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in female placental mammals and marsupials, or to the cloaca in female birds, monotremes, and some reptiles. ... // For ovary as part of plants see ovary (plants) An ovary is an egg-producing reproductive organ found in female organisms. ... This article is about female reproductive anatomy. ... The penis (plural penises, penes) is an external male sexual organ. ... In some male mammals, the scrotum is a protuberance of skin and muscle containing the testicles. ... Look up testes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In anatomy, the hip is the bony projection of the femur which is known as the greater trochanter, and the overlying muscle and fat. ... This article is about the bodily orifice. ... Bottom commonly refers to the human buttocks but also has other uses. ... A limb (from the Old English lim) is a jointed, or prehensile (as octopus tentacles or new world monkey tails), appendage of the human or animal body; a large or main branch of a tree; a representative, branch or member of a group or organization. ... Look up ARM in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the joint in the arm. ... // The Human Forearm The forearm is the structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist. ... In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the palm. ... For other uses, see Hand (disambiguation). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see Thumb (disambiguation). ... The Index finger The index finger, pointer finger or forefinger is the second digit of a human hand, located between the thumb and the middle finger. ... This article is about the vulgar gesture. ... The ring finger is the fourth digit of the human hand, and the second most ulnar finger, located between the middle finger and the little finger. ... The little finger, often called the pinky in American English and pinkie in Scottish English (from the Dutch word pink, meaning little finger), is the most ulnar and usually smallest finger of the human hand, opposite the thumb, next to the ring finger. ... In common usage, a human leg is the lower limb of the body, extending from the hip to the ankle, and including the thigh, the knee, and the cnemis. ... Manuel MÃ¡rquez de LeÃ³n International Airport (IATA: LAP, ICAO: MMLP) is an international airport located at La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. ... In humans the thigh is the area between the pelvis and buttocks and the knee. ... For other uses, see Knee (disambiguation). ... The calf or gastrosoleus is a pair of musclesâ€”the gastrocnemius and soleusâ€”at the back of the lower human leg. ... For other uses, see Heel (disambiguation). ... For a review of anatomical terms, see Anatomical position and Anatomical terms of location. ... For other uses, see Foot (disambiguation). ... This article is about the body part. ... Toes on foot. ... For other uses, see Skin (disambiguation). ... For the 1968 stage production, see Hair (musical), for the 1979 film, see Hair (film). ... List of bones of the human skeleton Human anatomy is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body. ... Head and neck anatomy is a specialized study of the human body quite frequently studied in depth by surgeons, dentist, and dental technicians. ... For other uses, see Head (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Face (disambiguation). ... The occipital bone [Fig. ... In human anatomy, the forehead or brow is the bony part of the head above the eyes. ... For other uses, see Eye (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Ear (disambiguation). ... The temple is the side of the head behind the eyes Temple indicates the side of the head behind the eyes. ... Look up Cheek in Wiktionary, the free dictionary The Cheeks are the fleshy area of the face below the eyes and between the nose and the left or right ear, the skin being suspended by the chin and the yaws. ... This article is about the part of the face. ... The visible part of the human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils. ... A nostril is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. ... The nasal septum separates the left and right airways in the nose, dividing the two nostrils. ... The accessory nasal cartilages are small cartilages of the nose connecting the greater alar cartilage and lateral nasal cartilage. ... The cartilage of the septum (or septal cartilage, or quadrangular cartilage) is somewhat quadrilateral in form, thicker at its margins than at its center, and completes the separation between the nasal cavities in front. ... The greater alar cartilage (lower lateral cartilage) is a thin, flexible plate, situated immediately below the preceding, and bent upon itself in such a manner as to form the medial wall and lateral wall of the naris of its own side. ... The lateral cartilage (upper lateral cartilage) is situated below the inferior margin of the nasal bone, and is flattened, and triangular in shape. ... The part which forms the lateral wall is curved to correspond with the ala of the nose; it is oval and flattened, narrow behind, where it is connected with the frontal process of the maxilla by a tough fibrous membrane, in which are found three or four small cartilaginous plates... In the septum close to the nasopalatine recess a minute orifice may be discerned; it leads backward into a blind pouch, the rudimentary vomeronasal organ of Jacobson, which is supported by a strip of cartilage, the vomeronasal cartilage (or Jacobsons cartilage). ... Beneath the epithelium, and extending through the thickness of the mucous membrane, is a layer of tubular, often branched, glands, the olfactory glands (glands of Bowman), identical in structure with serous glands. ... The nasal cavity (or nasal fossa) is a large air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face. ... Choana (plural: Choanae) latinization from the Greek choanÄ“ meaning funnel is the posterior nasal aperture. ... In anatomy, a turbinate (or nasal concha) is a long, narrow and curled bone shelf (shaped like an elongated sea-shell) which protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose. ... Above the superior concha is a narrow recess, the sphenoethmoidal recess, into which the sphenoidal sinus opens. ... On the lateral wall of the middle meatus is a curved fissure, the hiatus semilunaris, limited below by the edge of the uncinate process of the ethmoid and above by an elevation named the bulla ethmoidalis; the middle ethmoidal cells are contained within this bulla and open on or near... The hiatus semilunaris is a groove in the side wall inside the human nose. ... Below the bulla ethmoidalis, and partly hidden by the inferior end of the uncinate process, is the ostium maxillare (or maxillary sinus ostium, or maxillary ostium, or opening from the maxillary sinus); in a frontal section this opening is seen to be placed near the roof of the sinus. ... á¹‡ The inferior meatus, the largest of the three meatuses of the nose, is the space between the inferior concha and the floor of the nasal cavity. ... The vomeronasal organ (VNO) or Jacobsons organ is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ in some tetrapods. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Sagittal section of nose mouth, pharynx, and larynx. ... For other uses, see Lip (disambiguation). ... The philtrum (Greek philtron, from philein, to love; to kiss) is the vertical groove in the upper lip, formed where the nasomedial and maxillary processes meet during embryonic development. ... Human jaw front view Human jaw left view Human jaw top view The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth. ... The pterygomandibular raphÃ© (pterygomandibular ligament) is a tendinous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia, attached by one extremity to the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate, and by the other to the posterior end of the mylohyoid line of the mandible. ... A mans visible teeth. ... Permanent teeth are the second set of teeth formed in humans. ... Incisors are the first kind of tooth in heterodont mammals. ... In mammalian oral anatomy, the canine teeth, also called cuspids, dogteeth, fangs, or (in the case of those of the upper jaw) eye teeth, are relatively long, pointed teeth. ... The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. ... Molars are the rearmost and most complicated kind of tooth in most mammals. ... ... For other uses, see Tongue (disambiguation). ... On either side lateral to the frenulum is a slight fold of the mucous membrane, the plica fimbriata, the free edge of which occasionally exhibits a series of fringe-like processes. ... The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves. ... The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves; this sulcus ends behind, about 2. ... The dorsum of the tongue is convex and marked by a median sulcus, which divides it into symmetrical halves; this sulcus ends behind, about 2. ... The Frenulum Linguae is the frenulum of the tongue. ... The anterior tongue (or oral part) is the portion of the tongue in front of the terminal sulcus. ... The Posterior tongue, or pharyngeal part, is the part of the tongue behind the terminal sulcus. ... The palate is the roof of the mouth in humans and vertebrate animals. ... The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull, otherwise known as the palatine process of the maxilla, located in the roof of the mouth. ... The soft palate, or velum, is the soft tissue comprising the back of the roof of the mouth. ... The palatine raphe (or median raphe) is a raphe running across the palate, from the palatine uvula to the incisive papilla. ... The incisive papilla is a projection on the palate near the incisors. ... The uvula (IPA: ) is a small, mucosa-covered set of muscles, musculus uvulae, hanging down from the soft palate, near the back of the throat. ... Behind the ostium of the auditory tube is a deep recess, the pharyngeal recess (fossa of RosenmÃ¼ller). ... The palatoglossal arch (glossopalatine arch, anterior pillar of fauces) on either side runs downward, lateralward, and forward to the side of the base of the tongue, and is formed by the projection of the Glossopalatinus with its covering mucous membrane. ... The palatopharyngeal arch (pharyngopalatine arch, posterior pillar of fauces) is larger and projects farther toward the middle line than the anterior; it runs downward, lateralward, and backward to the side of the pharynx, and is formed by the projection of the Pharyngopalatinus, covered by mucous membrane. ... The salivary glands produce saliva, which keeps the mouth and other parts of the digestive system moist. ... For the toad wart, see parotoid gland. ... The parotid duct is also known as Stensens duct. ... The submandibular gland is one of the salivary glands, responsible for producing saliva. ... The submandibular duct (Whartons duct[1], submaxillary duct) is about 5 cm. ... The sublingual glands are salivary glands in the mouth. ... The excretory ducts of the sublingual gland are from eight to twenty in number. ... Fascia is specialized connective tissue layer which surrounds muscles, bones, and joints, providing support and protection and giving structure to the body. ... Parotideomasseteric Fascia (masseteric fascia). ... The temporal fascia covers the Temporalis muscle. ... The Galea aponeurotica is connective tissue at the back of the head. ... The scalp is the anatomical area bordered by the face anteriorly and the neck to the sides and posteriorly. ...

Contents

Bony anatomy: The cervical spine

Soft tissue anatomy

Neck pain

See also

External links