Necmettin Erbakan (born October 29, 1926) is a Turkish engineer, academic, politician, political party leader and prime minister of Turkey between 1996 and 1997. is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Look up engineer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Plato is credited with the inception of academia: the body of knowledge, its development and transmission across generations. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A politician is an individual who is a formally recognized and active member of a government, or a person who influences the way a society is governed through an understanding of political power and group dynamics. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

Biography

Erbakan was born in Sinop, at the coast of Black Sea in northern Turkey. After the High School education in İstanbul Lisesi (İstanbul Erkek Lisesi), he graduated from the Mechanical Engineering Faculty at the Istanbul Technical University (İTÜ) in 1948, and received a PhD degree from the RWTH Aachen University, Germany. After returning to Turkey, Erbakan became lecturer at the İTÜ and was appointed professor in 1965 at the same university. After working some time in leading position in the industry, he switched over to politics, and was elected deputy of Konya in 1969. For other meanings of Sinop/Sinope, see Sinope Sinop (also Sinope) is a city with a population of 47,000 on the coast of the Black Sea, in the modern region of Galatia in modern-day northern Turkey, historically known as Sinope. ... For other uses, see Black Sea (disambiguation). ... Ä°stanbul Lisesi, also commonly known as Ä°stanbul Erkek Lisesi, abbreviated Ä°EL, is one of the oldest and internationally renowned high schools of Turkey. ... Ä°stanbul Teknik Ãœniversitesi ( ITU, English: Istanbul Technical University ) is an international technical university, located in Istanbul, Turkey. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... PhD usually refers to the academic title Doctor of Philosophy PhD can also refer to the manga Phantasy Degree This is a disambiguation page — a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title. ... The RWTH Aachen University is a large university located in Aachen (Germany). ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... Konya (Ottoman Turkish: ; also Koniah, Konieh, Konia, and Qunia; historically also known as Iconium (Latin), Greek: Ikónion) is a city in Turkey, on the central plateau of Anatolia. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ...

As well as his political career Necmettin Erbakan had his success in mechanical engineering and has invented several devices. He was the chief engineer in the team that designed German Leopard 1A tanks.^{[citation needed]}

Political activities

A mainstay of the religious wing of Turkish politics since the 1970s, Erbakan has been the leader of a series of political parties that have risen to prominence only to be banned by Turkey's secular authorities. In the 1970s, Erbakan was chairman of the "Milli Selamet Partisi" (National Salvation Party) which, at its peak, served in coalition with the "Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi" (Republican People's Party) of Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit during the Cyprus crisis of 1974. In the mid 1974 Prime Minister Ecevit visited England to discuss escalating violence. There was no agreement between Ecevit's CHP and Erbakan's MSP (National Salvation Party)on military intervention to the Island, which was proposed by MSP. During Ecevit's visit to London, Erbakan gave the order of military operation to the army. The 1970s decade refers to the years from 1970 to 1979, also called The Seventies. ... Milli Selâmet Partisi The National Salvation Party (Milli Selâmet Partisi) was a political party in Turkey founded on 11 October 1972 as the successor of the banned National Order Party (Milli Nizam Partisi, MNP). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (May 28, 1925–November 5, 2006; pronounced ), was a Turkish politician, poet, writer and journalist. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ...

In the wake of the 1980 military coup, Erbakan and his party were banned from politics. He reemerged following a referendum to lift the ban in 1990, and became the leader of Refah Partisi (Welfare Party). His party benefitted in the 1990s from the acrimony between the leaders of Turkey's two most prominent conservative parties, Mesut Yılmaz and Tansu Çiller. He led his party to a surprise success in the general elections of 1995. He became Prime Minister in 1996 in coalition with Çiller's Dogru Yol Partisi (True Path Party), and attempted to further Turkey's relations with the Arab nations. In addition to trying to follow an economic welfare program, which was supposedly intended to increase welfare among Turkish citizens, the government tried to implement multi-dimensional political approach to relations with the neighbouring countries. The Military coup in Turkey, 1980 was a coup detat made on September 12, 1980 by General Kenan Evren, head of the general staff and also chief of Counter-Guerrilla, the Turkish branch of Gladio. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... The Welfare Party (Refah Partisi) in Turkey was founded by Ahmed Tekdal in Ankara in 1983. ... Mesut Yılmaz Ahmet Mesut Yılmaz (born 6 November 1947 in Istanbul) (graduated from Ä°stanbul Lisesi in 1966) is the former leader of Anavatan Partisi (ANAP, the Motherland Party) and was the Turkish prime minister in the 1990s. ... Tansu Çiller Tansu Penbe Çiller (IPA: (born 9 October 1946) is an economist and politician in Turkey. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... The True Path Party (Turkish: Dogru Yol Partisi or DYP) is a right-wing, secularist conservative Turkish political party, established by Suleyman Demirel in 1983. ...

Necmettin Erbakan's ideology is called Millî Görüş (National View). The organisation uphelds nowadays that the word "national" is to be understood in the sense of monotheistic ecumenism.^[1][2] Erbakan's image was seriously damaged by his famous speech making fun of the nightly demonstrations against the Susurluk scandal. Even though his government had no responsibility for the scandal, he was nevertheless widely blamed at the time for his indifference. At last, the Turkish military gradually increased the harshness and frequency of its public warnings to Erbakan's government, eventually prompting Erbakan to step down 1997. At the time there was a formal deal between Prime Minister Erbakan, and the leader of Dogru Yol, Tansu Ciller, for a "period based premiership". According to this, Erbakan was to act as the Prime Minister for a certain period (a fixed amount of time, which wasn't made absolutely clear to the public), then he would step down, and Tansu Ciller would become the Prime Minister for a comparable period of time. However, Ciller's party was the third in the parliement, and when Erbakan stepped down, the President Suleyman Demirel, assigned the leader of the second largest party, who successfully formed the government. Since this whole act was orchestrated by the military (who was extremely hostile to the Erbakan government), this is usually known as the "postmodern coup" of Turkey. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... For the Celtic Frost album, see Monotheist (album) In theology, monotheism (from Greek one and god) is the belief in the existence of one deity or God, or in the oneness of God. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      Ecumenism (also oecumenism, Å“cumenism... The Susurluk scandal developed after a car accident on 3 November 1996 near Susurluk in Balıkesir province in Turkey. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

Refah was subsequently closed down by court order, and Erbakan was banned once again from politics.

Despite being under constant political ban, Erbakan nonetheless acted as a mentor and informal advisor to former Refah members who founded both Fazilet Partisi (Virtue Party) and the Saadet Partisi (Felicity Party). Erbakan is currently the leader of the Islamist movement Millî Görüş, which he also founded. ^[3] Virtue Party (Fazilet Partisi) was a political party in Turkey. ... The Felicity Party is a Turkish political party of strongly Islamist views, often seen as the main voice of Islamic fundamentalism in Turkey. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

He also received a prison sentence as government allocated political funds into his party were embezzled or improperly spent. He is sentenced to two and a half years to stay under house arrest.

Views

Erbakan is a well-known personality, especially as an ingenious politician. Erbakan feels that science and history prove that Islam is the only salvation for humanity. He alleges that the West is being ruled by a "racist Imperialism and Zionism". A compass rose with west highlighted This article refers to the cardinal direction; for other uses see West (disambiguation). ... For the computer game, see Imperialism (computer game). ... Zionism is a political movement that supports a homeland for the Jewish people in the Land of Israel, where Jewish nationhood is thought to have evolved somewhere between 1200 BCE and late Second Temple times,[1][2] and where Jewish kingdoms existed up to the 2nd century CE. Zionism is...

In a television interview aired July 1, 2007, Erbakan gave a number of controversial opinions. He stated that not only the West, but all the "200 countries" of the world are controlled by "racist, imperialist Zionism;" that Jews control the world's monetary system; that amongst the "four principles" of the "children of Israel" include the safety of Israel, which requires Israel "rule the 28 countries from Morocco to Indonesia," and that the Al-Aqsa mosque be destroyed and replaced by a new Jewish temple; that the Jews control the international airline trade group (IATA) and "airlines must give them [the Jews] 9% of the ticket proceeds"; that "it was Zionism that established the sect of Protestantism ... the Evangelical sect was built by the Jews "; "China's and India's industrial development is being carried out with Jewish capital. Japan's too"; that Bush's plan for Iraq is, 'I will take Iraq. I will build Greater Israel, so that Jesus can return.' He also refered to Jews as "bacteria."^[4] The Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem is not to be confused with the Dome of the Rock The Al-Aqsa Mosque (Arabic: المسجد الاقصى, Masjid Al-Aqsa, literally farthest mosque) is part of the complex of religious buildings in Jerusalem... The International Air Transport Association is an international trade organization of airlines headquarted in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ...

His foreign policy had two main pillars: Close cooperation and unity among Muslim countries and struggle against Zionism. He created "D-8" or The Developing Eight, to achieve a strong economic and political unity among Muslim countries. It has eight members including Turkey, Iran, Malaysia, Indonesia, Egypt, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Nigeria. These countries make about % 14 of world's population with a total of more than 800 million people. ^[5][6][7]

See also

• Millî Görüş
• 1980 Turkish coup d'état
• 1997 Turkish coup d'état

There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The September 12, 1980 Turkish coup détat, headed by General Kenan Evren, Chief of the General Staff, was the third military putsch in the history of the Republic after the 1960 coup and the 1971 Coup by Memorandum. Kenan Evren headed the National Security Council (NSC) of five generals... The Post-modern Coup Detat was a military coup in Turkey, occurred on February 28, 1997 overthrowing the coalition government of Necmettin Erbakan. ...

Notes