Necrosis (in Greek Νεκρός = Dead) is the name given to unprogrammed death of cells/living tissue (compare with apoptosis - programmed cell death). There are many causes of necrosis including injury, infection, cancer, infarction, inflammation and so on.

There are four distinctive morphologic patterns of necrosis:

• Coagulative necrosis - typically seen in hypoxic environments. Cell outlines remain after cell death and can be observed by light microscopy (e.g. myocardial infarction, infarct of the spleen)
• Liquefactive necrosis - is associated with cellular destruction and pus formation (e.g. pneumonia)
• Caseous necrosis - is a mix of coagulative necrosis and liquefactive necrosis (e.g. tuberculosis)
• Fatty necrosis - results from the action of lipases on fatty tissues (e.g. acute pancreatitis)
• Fibrinoid necrosis -

See also

• Peripheral vascular disease
• Aseptic bone necrosis
• Gangrene