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Encyclopedia > Nemertina
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Ribbon worms
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Subkingdom: Metazoa
Superphylum: Lophotrochozoa
Phylum: Nemertina
Oersted, 1844
Orders

The phylum Nemertina (or Nemertea, occasionally Nemertini) contains the ribbon worms or proboscis worms, which are a group of unsegmented marine invertebrates. There are about 1200 species distributed among two orders: Anopla and Enopla. The Nemerteans are named for Nemertes, one of the Nereids, sea-nymphs of Greek mythology. Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla Porifera (sponges) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, anenomes) Placozoa (trichoplax) Subregnum Bilateria (bilateral symmetry) Acoelomorpha (basal) Orthonectida (flatworms, echinoderms, etc. ... Phyla Radiata Cnidaria Ctenophora - Comb jellies Bilateria Protostomia Acoelomorpha Platyhelminthes - Flatworms Nemertina - Ribbon worms Gastrotricha Gnathostomulida - Jawed worms Micrognathozoa Rotifera - Rotifers Acanthocephala Priapulida Kinorhyncha Loricifera Entoprocta Nematoda - Roundworms Nematomorpha - Horsehair worms Cycliophora Mollusca - Mollusks Sipuncula - Peanut worms Annelida - Segmented worms Tardigrada - Water bears Onychophora - Velvet worms Arthropoda - Insects, etc. ... The Lophotrochozoa or Spiralia are one of three major divisions of bilaterian animals, together with the Ecdysozoa and Deuterostomia. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... Phylum (plural: phyla) is a taxon used in the classification of animals, adopted from the Greek phylai the clan-based voting groups in Greek city-states. ... Morphogenesis (from the Greek morphê shape and genesis creation) is one of three fundamental aspects of developmental biology along with the control of cell growth and cellular differentiation. ... The worlds oceans as seen from the South Pacific Ocean (from Okeanos, Greek for river, the ancient Greeks noticed that a strong current flowed off Gibraltar, and assumed it was a great river); covers almost three quarters (71%) of the surface of the Earth, and nearly half of the... Invertebrate is a term coined by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck to describe any animal without a spinal column. ... In biology, a species is the basic unit of biodiversity. ... Scientific classification or biological classification refers to how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... In Greek mythology, the Nereids (NEER-ee-eds) are blue-haired sea nymphs, the fifty daughters of Nereus and Doris. ...


Nemertine worms are distinguished by their possession of an evertible proboscis that, in many taxa, is armed with a poisonous stylet, which is used in the capture of prey. Ribbon worms are carnivorous, feeding mostly on small invertebrates. Most Nemertea live in shallow seas and coastal waters, with a few inhabiting freshwater or damp soil. They range in length from 1 mm to as much as 30 metres (100 feet) in the case of the bootlace worm, Lineus longissimus. Some texts quote lengths of up to 60 m, in which case, L. longissimus would be the longest animal alive (female blue whales reach about 34 m). In general, a proboscis (from Greek pro before and baskein to feed) is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal. ... The skull and crossbones symbol traditionally used to label a poisonous substance. ... The stylet or stomatostyle, is the primitive mouth-parts of the nematode. ... Prey can refer to: Look up Prey in Wiktionary, the free dictionary A prey animal eaten by a predator in an act called predation. ... This article deals with meat-eating animals. ... Invertebrate is a term coined by Jean-Baptiste Lamarck to describe any animal without a spinal column. ... For the village on the Isle of Wight, see Freshwater, Isle of Wight. ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... The metre (Commonwealth English) or meter (American English) (symbol: m) is the SI base unit of length. ... This article is about a foot as a unit of length. ... Binomial name Lineus longissimus (Gunnerus, 1770) The bootlace worm (Lineus longissimus) is in the phylum Nemertea or ribbon worms. ... Binomial name Balaenoptera musculus (Linneus, 1758) Blue Whale range The Blue Whale (Balaenoptera musculus) is a marine mammal belonging to the suborder of baleen whales. ...


Although generally considered acoelomate (that is, without a coelom-filled body cavity), the anatomy of the proboscis includes a coelom cavity. An old name for the phylum, Rhynchocoela, records this fact. They also possess a circulatory system, which may use hemoglobin, and a closed intestine. Members of the phylum Nemertea have often been considered as degenerate flatworms, but their placement has been extensively revised in recent years, and they are now placed in the Lophotrochozoa, along with more advanced animals, such as molluscs and annelids. A body cavity is an aspect of a number of basic animal body plans (phyla) that incorporate a central body cavity, known as a coelom. ... A body cavity is an aspect of a number of basic animal body plans (phyla) that incorporate a central body cavity, known as a coelom. ... The circulatory system or cardiovascular system is the organ system which circulates blood around the body of most animals. ... 3-dimensional structure of hemoglobin. ... The intestine is the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. ... Classes Monogenea Trematoda Cestoda Turbellaria The flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Greek platy: flat; helminth: worm) are a phylum of relatively simple soft-bodied invertebrate animals. ... The Lophotrochozoa or Spiralia are one of three major divisions of bilaterian animals, together with the Ecdysozoa and Deuterostomia. ... Classes Caudofoveata Aplacophora Polyplacophora - Chitons Monoplacophora Bivalvia - Bivalves Scaphopoda - Tusk shells Gastropoda - Snails and Slugs Cephalopoda - Squids, Octopuses, etc. ... Classes and subclasses Class Polychaeta (paraphyletic?) Class Clitellata    Oligochaeta - Earthworms and others    Acanthobdellida    Branchiobdellida    Hirudinea - Leeches Class Myzostomida Class Archiannelida (polyphyletic) Class Echiura *Some authors consider the subclasses under Clitellata to be classes The annelids, collectively called Annelida (from Latin annellus little ring), are a large phylum of animals, comprising...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Nemertina - LoveToKnow 1911 (6076 words)
NEMERTINA, or Nemerteans (Nemertea), a subdivision of worms,' characterized by the ciliation of the skin, the presence of a retractile proboscis, the simple arrangement of the generative apparatus, and in certain cases by a peculiar pelagic larval stage to which the name " pilidium " has been given.
Nemertines live in the sea, some being common amongst the corals and algae, others hiding in the muddy or sandy bottom, and secreting gelatinous tubes which ensheath the body along its whole length.
Burger classifies Nemertines into four orders: I. Protonemertini, in which there are two layers of dermal muscles, external circular and internal longitudinal; the nervous system lies external to the circular muscles; the mouth lies behind the level of the brain; the proboscis has no stylet; there is no caecum to the intestine.
Literature Search (707 words)
Ferraris, J. Histological study of the cephalic gland and neurosecretory cells of the nemertean Procephalothrix spiralis subjected to stress.
Ferraris, J. Molecular approaches to the study of evolution and phylogeny of the Nemertina.
Ferraris, J. Roderick, H. Involvement of ninhydrin positive substances in regulatory volume decrease in intertidal Nemertina and Oligochaeta: independence of decerebration.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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