In cinema and in literature, neorealism is a cultural movement that brings elements of true life in the stories it describes, rather than a world mainly existing in imagination only. Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... Everyday life is the sum total of every aspect of common human life as it is routinely lived. ... Imagination is accepted as the innate ability and process to invent partial or complete personal realms within the mind from elements derived from sense perceptions of the shared world. ...

The movement was developed in Europe, primarily after the end of World War II. World map showing the location of Europe. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Cinema

Further information: Italian neorealism

Neorealism is characterized by a general atmosphere of authenticity. Andre Bazin, a French film theorist and critic, argued that neorealism portrays: truth, naturalness, authenticity, and is a cinema of duration. The necessary characteristics of neo-realism in film include: Italian neorealism is a film movement often considered to have started in 1943 with Ossessione and ended in 1952 with Umberto D. The movement is characterized by stories set amongst the poor and working class, filmed in long takes on location, frequently using nonprofessional actors for secondary and sometimes primary...

• a definite social context;
• a sense of historical actuality and immediacy;
• political commitment to progressive, even violent, social change;
• authentic on-location shooting as opposed to the artificial studio;
• a rejection of classical Hollywood acting styles; extensive use of non-professional actors as much as possible;
• a documentary style of cinematography.^[1]

Films

Italian

• Ossessione (1943)
• Roma, città aperta (1945)
• Sciuscià (1946)
• Paisà (1946)
• Germania anno zero (1948)
• Ladri di biciclette (1948)
• La Terra trema (1948)
• Bitter Rice (1949)
• Stromboli (1950)
• Miracle in Milan (1951)
• Umberto D. (1952)

Other countries Ossessione 1943 Ossessione (Luchino Visconti, 1943) is generally considered to be the first Neorealist film. ... This article needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... Shoeshine (Italian title Sciuscià) is a 1946 film and the first major work by Vittorio De Sica. ... Paisà is a 1946 Italian film directed by Roberto Rossellini. ... Germania anno zero (Germany Year Zero) is the final film in Roberto Rossellinis famed war movie trilogy (the first two being Rome, Open City and Paisan). ... Ladri di biciclette (literally translated as Bicycle Thieves) is a 1948 Italian neorealist film known in its US English release as The Bicycle Thief. ... La Terra trema is a 1948 drama film directed by Luchino Visconti and starring Maria Micale and Sebastiano Valastro. ... Bitter Rice (Riso Amaro, 1949) is an Italian movie, written and directed by Giuseppe De Santis. ... Stromboli, aka Stromboli, terra di dio, is a 1950 Italian film by Roberto Rossellini, featuring Ingrid Bergman. ... Miracle in Milan (original title Miracolo a Milano) is an Italian film directed in 1951 by Vittorio de Sica. ... Umberto D. is a 1952 Italian film, directed by Vittorio De Sica. ...

• Surcos (1951, Spain)
• Salt of the Earth (1954, United States)
• The French Connection (1971, United States)
• Pixote (1981, Brazil)
• Veronico Cruz (1988, Argentina)
• American Me (1992, United States)
• Bolivia (2001, Argentina)
• Carandiru (2003, Brazil-Argentina)
• Familia Rodante (2004, Argentina, et al)
• Not One Less (1999, China)

Surcos (English: Furrows) is a Spanish film released in 1951, and directed by José Antonio Nieves Conde. ... For other uses, see Salt of the earth. ... The French Connection is a 1971 Hollywood film directed by William Friedkin. ... Pixote Pixote: A Lei do Mais Fraco (Pixote: The Law of the Weakest), is a Brazilian movie directed and written by Hector Babenco and released in 1981. ... Veronico Cruz is an Argentine and British film released in 1988. ... American Me is a 1992 film directed by Edward James Olmos (his first film as director) and written by Floyd Mutrux and Desmond Nakano. ... Carandiru is a 2003 film, directed by Hector Babenco and based on the book Estação Carandiru (en: Carandiru Station), by Dr. Drauzio Varella, a physician and AIDS specialist. ... Familia rodante (English: Rolling Family) is an Argentine, Brazilian, French, German, Spanish, and British 2004 film, written and directed by Pablo Trapero. ... Not One Less (一个都不能少: pinyin: Yï gè döu bù néng shǎo) is a 1999 drama movie by Chinese director Zhang Yimou. ...

See also

• History of cinema

Origins of motion picture arts and sciences Any overview of the history of cinema would be remiss to fail to at least mention a long history of literature, storytelling, narrative drama, art, mythology, puppetry, shadow play, cave paintings and perhaps even dreams. ...

Footnotes

External links

• Italian Neorealism at in black and white.