The Network News Transfer Protocol or NNTP is an Internet application protocol used primarily for reading and posting Usenet articles, as well as transferring news among news servers. Brian Kantor of the University of California, San Diego and Phil Lapsley of the University of California, Berkeley completed RFC 977, the specification for the Network News Transfer Protocol, in March 1986. Other contributors included Stan Barber from the Baylor College of Medicine and Erik Fair of Apple Computer. The Internet protocol suite is the set of communications protocols that implement the protocol stack on which the Internet and most commercial networks run. ... The application layer is the 7 th seventh level of the seven-layer OSI model. ... The domain name system (DNS) stores and associates many types of information with domain names, but most importantly, it translates domain names (computer hostnames) to IP addresses. ... 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TELNET is a network protocol used on the Internet or local area network LAN connections. ... The BitTorrent logo BitTorrent is the name of a peer-to-peer (P2P) file distribution protocol, and is the name of a free software implementation of that protocol. ... The Real-time Transport Protocol (or RTP) defines a good standardized packet format for delivering audio and video over the Internet. ... In computing, rlogin is a Unix software utility that allows users to log in on another host via a network, communicating via TCP port 513. ... It has been suggested that SYN (TCP) be merged into this article or section. ... The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core protocols of the Internet protocol suite. ... The Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) is a message-oriented transport layer protocol that is currently under development in the IETF. 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Usenet was originally designed around the UUCP network, with most article transfers taking place over direct computer-to-computer telephone links. Readers and posters would log into the same computers that hosted the servers, reading the articles directly from the local disk. UUCP stands for Unix to Unix CoPy. ...

As local area networks and the Internet became more commonly used, it became desirable to allow newsreaders to be run on personal computers, and a means of employing the Internet to handle article transfers was desired. Because networked Internet-compatible filesystems were not yet widely available, it was decided to develop a new protocol that resembled SMTP, but was tailored for reading newsgroups. Local area network scheme A local area network (LAN) is a computer network covering a local area, like a home, office, or group of buildings. ... A news client, or news reader, is an application program that reads articles on Usenet (generally known as newsgroup), either directly from a news servers disks or via the Network News Transfer Protocol. ... Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is the de facto standard for email transmission across the Internet. ... A newsgroup is a repository usually within the Usenet system, for messages posted from many users at different locations. ...

The well-known TCP port 119 is reserved for NNTP. When clients connect to a news server with SSL, TCP port 563 is used. This is sometimes referred to as NNTPS. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Port numbers. ... Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and its successor, Transport Layer Security (TLS), are cryptographic protocols which provide secure communications on the Internet for such things as web browsing, e-mail, Internet faxing, and other data transfers. ...

The protocol remains in widespread use, and as of 2005 efforts are underway to produce an updated standard. The IMAP protocol can also be used for reading newsgroups. 2005 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Internet Message Access Protocol (commonly known as IMAP, and previously called Interactive Mail Access Protocol) is an application layer Internet protocol used for accessing email on a remote server from a local client. ...

Network News Reader Protocol

During an abortive attempt to update the NNTP standard in the early 1990s, a specialized form of NNTP intended specifically for use by clients, NNRP, was proposed. This protocol was never completed or fully implemented, but the name persisted in INN's nnrpd program. As a result, the subset of standard NNTP commands useful to clients is sometimes still referred to as "NNRP". Inns are establishments where travellers can procure food, drink, and lodging. ...

External links

• Kantor, Brian and Phil Lapsley. RFC 977 "Network News Transfer Protocol: A Proposed Standard for the Stream-Based Transmission of News." 1986.
• Horton, Mark, and R. Adams. RFC 1036 "Standard for Interchange of USENET Messages." 1987.
• NNTP Version 2 draft an early, abandoned attempt to revise NNTP
• Barber, Stan, et al. RFC 2980 "Common NNTP Extensions." 2000
• IETF nntpext Working Group
• Usenet servers at the Open Directory Project
• Public News Servers at the Open Directory Project