Neuengamme was a concentration camp near Hamburg, Germany during World War 2 [1]. A concentration camp is a large detention center created for political opponents, aliens, specific ethnic or religious groups, civilians of a critical war-zone, or other groups of people, often during a war. ... Hamburgs central promenade Jungfernstieg on the Alster lake, between 1900 and 1914 Hamburg is Germanys second largest city (after Berlin) and, with the Hamburg Harbour, its principal port. ... Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths {{{notes}}} World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII or World War Two), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the...

The site is one of the few concentration camps in Germany where most of the buildings have been conserved and serves as a memorial today. It is situated 15 km southeast of the centre of Hamburg at Jean-Dolidier-Weg in the Vierlande area. Hamburgs central promenade Jungfernstieg on the Alster lake, between 1900 and 1914 Hamburg is Germanys second largest city (after Berlin) and, with the Hamburg Harbour, its principal port. ...

The camp existed from December 13, 1938 through May 4, 1945 and had a total of 106,000 inmates during this time. These were spread over the main camp (213,000 m²) and 96 outposts across the north German area. Inmates were from 28 nationalities [Russians (34,350), Poles (16,900), Frenchmen (11,500), Germans (9,200), Dutchmen (6,950), Belgians (4,800), Danes (4,800), ...] and also from the local Jewish community, but also included communists, homosexuals, prostitutes, gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses, prisoners of war and many other groups. 55,000 succumbed to the subhuman conditions in the camp consisting of hard manual work with insufficient nutrition, very unhygienic conditions and violence from the guards. December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... May 4 is the 124th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (125th in leap years). ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The word Jew (Hebrew: יהודי transliterated: Yehudi) is used in many ways but generally refers to a follower of Judaism, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity; and often a combination of these attributes. ... Communism - Wikipedia /**/ @import /w/skins-1. ... Homosexuality is a sexual orientation characterized by esthetic attraction, romantic love, or sexual desire exclusively for another of the same sex. ... Prostitution is the sale of sexual services (typically manual stimulation, oral sex, sexual intercourse, or anal sex) for cash or other kind of return, generally indiscriminately with many persons. ... The Roma people (pronounced rahma, singular Rom, sometimes Rroma, and Rrom) along with the closely related Sinti people are commonly known as Gypsies in English, and as Tsigany in most of Europe. ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ...

Work at the mother camp was centered on the production of bricks. This included the construction of a canal to transport the bricks to and from the site. Inmates had to excavate the heavy, peaty soil with inadequate tools and regardless of weather conditions or their health state. A weathered brick wall. ... The Canal du Midi in Toulouse, France A picturesque stretch on the Calder and Hebble Navigation Canals are man-made waterways, usually connecting existing lakes, rivers, or oceans. ... Peat in Lewis, Scotland Peat is an accumulation of partially decayed vegetable matter. ... Soil is material capable of supporting plant life. ...

Several original buildings of the camp continued to serve as a prison (for example Building Number 9). There is a good museum located at the south end of the site. In late 1943, most likely November, Neuengamme recorded its first female prisoners according to camp records. In the summer of 1944, Neuengamme received many women prisoners from Auschwitz, as well other camps in the East. All of the women were eventually shipped out to one of its twenty-four female subcamps. Female guards were trained at Neuengamme and assigned to one of its female subcamps also. There were no SS women stationed at neuengamme permemently. Many of these women are known by name, including Kaethe Becker, Erna Dickmann, Johanna Freund, Angelika Grass, Kommandoführerin Loni Gutzeit (who also served at Hamburg-Wandsbek and the prisoners nicknamed "The Dragon of Wandsbek"), Gertrud Heise, Frieda Ignatowitz, Gertrud Moeller, who also served at Boizenburg subcamp, Lotte Johanna Radtke, chief wardress Annemie von der Huelst, Inge Marga Marggot Weber. Many of the women were later dispersed to female subcamps throughout northern Germany. Today it is known that female guards staffed the subcamps of Neuengamme at Boizenburg, Braunschweig SS-Reitschule, Hamburg Sasel, Hamburg Wandsbek, Helmstedt-Beendorf, Langenhorn, Neugraben, Obernheide, Salzwedel, and Unterluss (Vuterluss). Only a few have been tried for war crimes, including Susanne Hille (who served as head woman guard at Unterluss), and Anneliese Kohlmann (who served as one of only six woman guards at Neugraben). 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Auschwitz, in English, commonly refers to the Auschwitz concentration camp complex built near the town of Oświęcim, by Nazi Germany during World War II. Rarely, it may refer to the Polish town of Oświęcim (called by the Germans Auschwitz) itself. ... Kaethe was a female guard at several concentration camps during the last months of World War II. Kaethe was born as Kaethe Becker in Saarbruecken or Herrensohr, Germany on May 25, 1923. ... Erna Dickmann (or Dieckmann) (born August 16, 1912) was a female guard at several concentration and sub-camps in the last months of the Nazi Regime. ... Angelika was a female overseer at three camps during World War II. Angelika Grass (or Gras) was born in Berlin, Germany on February 10, 1922. ... Wandsbek (Map) is the largest () of seven districts that are comprising the City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Germany). ... Gertrud Heise was a female overseer and later an SS supervisor at several concentration camps during the Second World War. ... Lotte Johanna Radtke was a guard at two concentration camps in the last period of World War II. Lotte Johanna Radtke was born as Lotte Johanna Ostermann in Hamburg, Germany on August 8, 1923. ... Braunschweig (English Brunswick) is a city of 245,500 people (as of December 31, 2004), located in Lower Saxony, Germany. ... Wandsbek (Map) is the largest () of seven districts that are comprising the City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Germany). ... Salzwedel is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. ...

Three of the camp's outposts also serve as public memorials. These are located at Bullenhuser Damm, Kritenbarg 8 and Suhrenkamp 98. The first of these is a memorial to the murder of 20 children from Auschwitz concentration camp that had been taken to Hamburg and abused for medical experiments. On April 20, 1945, only weeks before the war was over, they were killed to cover up that crime. The second is an outpost of Neuengamme concentration camp where Jewish women from the Łódź Ghetto in Poland were forced to do construction work. The third one is located inside the gatehouse of the Fuhlsbüttel penitentiary. Parts of this complex served as concentration camp for communists, opponents of the regime and many other groups. About 450 inmates were murdered here during the Nazi reign. Auschwitz, in English, commonly refers to the Auschwitz concentration camp complex built near the town of Oświęcim, by Nazi Germany during World War II. Rarely, it may refer to the Polish town of Oświęcim (called by the Germans Auschwitz) itself. ... Hamburgs central promenade Jungfernstieg on the Alster lake, between 1900 and 1914 Hamburg is Germanys second largest city (after Berlin) and, with the Hamburg Harbour, its principal port. ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Łódź Ghetto was the second-largest ghetto (after the Warsaw Ghetto) established for Jews in Nazi-occupied Poland. ...

On May 3, 1945, in a bid to destroy evidence of the concentration camp, the ships Cap Arcona, Thielbek, Athen and Deutschland were loaded with inmates from the camp and left to float defenselessly in the Lübeck bay between Neustadt (Holstein) and Scharbeutz. Allied aircraft sank the ships. Approximately 7,000 to 8,000 passengers drowned or were shot upon reaching the shore by the SS. May 3 is the 123rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (124th in leap years). ... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Cap Arcona was a 27,500 gross ton German luxury passenger steamer of the Hamburg South America line. ... The Thielbek was a 2,815 register ton freighter sunk with the Cap Arcona and the Deutschland on May 3, 1945 in the Bay of Lubeck with the loss of 2,750 lives. ... Holstein (Hol-shtayn) (Low German: Holsteen, Danish: Holsten, Latin and historical English: Holsatia) is the southern part of Schleswig-Holstein in Germany, between the rivers Elbe, Eider, and the Schlei firth. ... SS or ss or Ss may be: The Schutzstaffel, a Nazi paramilitary force Steamship (SS) (ship prefix) The United States Secret Service A submarine not powered by nuclear energy (SS) (United States Navy designator), see SSN A Soviet/Russian surface-to-surface missile, as listed by NATO reporting name Shortstop...

See also

• List of subcamps of Neuengamme

List of many of subcamps of Neuengamme concentration camp complex (among over 90). ...

External links

• Official website of the concentration camp Neuengamme
• Photos of the camp
• More information
• More information

• Axis History Factbook: SS personnel serving at Neuengamme. [2]Neuengamme (leir)