Neukamerun (German for New Cameroon) was the name of Central African territories ceded by France to Germany in 1911. Upon taking office in 1907, Theodor Seitz, governor of German Kamerun, advocated for the acquisition of territories from the French Congo.^[1] Germany's only major river outlet from its Central African possessions was the Congo River, and more territories to the east of Kamerun would allow for better access to that waterway.^[2] The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central Africa. ... French Congo was the original French colony established in the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African Republic. ... The Congo River (formerly known as some River) is the largest river in Western Central Africa. ...

France and Germany were rivals for Morocco, and in 1911, the Agadir Crisis broke out over the question of possession of that kingdom. France and Germany agreed to negotiate on 9 July 1911, and on 4 November, they signed the Treaty of Fez. France agreed to cede part of the French Congo to Germany in exchange for German recognition of France's rights to Morocco^[3] and a strip of land in northeastern Kamerun between the Logone and Chari rivers. The Kamerun colony grew from 465,000 km² to 760,000 km².^[3] Otto Gleim was governor of Kamerun at the time. The Agadir Crisis, also called the Second Moroccan Crisis, was the international tension sparked by the deployment of the German gunboat Panther, to the Moroccan port of Agadir on July 1, 1911. ... July 9 is the 190th day of the year (191st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 175 days remaining. ... 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 57 days remaining. ... By the Treaty of fez, signed March 30, 1912, sultan Abdelhafid gave up the sovereignty of Morocco to the French, making the country a protectorate. ... The Logon River is a major tributary of the Chari River. ... The Chari or Shari River is a 949-kilometer-long river of central Africa, flowing from the Central African Republic through Chad into Lake Chad. ...

The exchange sparked debate in Germany; opponents argued that the new territories presented little opportunity for commercial exploitation or other profit. The German colonial secretary eventually resigned over the matter.^[3]

During World War I, France was eager to regain the territories.^[4] In 1916, Germany returned Neukamerun to France after the fall of German forces in Africa. France made the territories part of French Equatorial Africa. The territory today forms part of Chad, Central African Republic, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.^[5] Combatants Allied Powers: British Empire France Italy Russia United States Central Powers: Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire Commanders Ferdinand Foch Georges Clemenceau Joseph Joffre Victor Emmanuel III Luigi Cadorna Armando Diaz Nicholas II Aleksei Brusilov Herbert Henry Asquith Douglas Haig John Jellicoe Woodrow Wilson John Pershing Wilhelm II Paul... French Equatorial Africa (French: ) was the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, extending northwards from the Congo River to the Sahara Desert. ...

Notes

1. ^ Ngoh 74.
2. ^ Neba 4.
3. ^ ^{a b c} DeLancey and DeLancey 200.
4. ^ Ngoh 128.
5. ^ Neba 4–5.

References

• DeLancey, Mark W., and DeLancey, Mark Dike (2000). Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press.
• Neba, Aaron, Ph.D. (1999). Modern Geography of the Republic of Cameroon, 3rd ed. Bamenda: Neba Publishers.
• Ngoh, Victor Julius (1996). History of Cameroon Since 1800. Limbé: Presbook.