The neural plate is thick and flat bundle of ectoderm which develops in the embryo into the nervous system. In the development sequence, the neural plate forms the neural tube which then forms the CNS (central nervous system), comprised by the spinal cord and the brain. Masses of tissue called the neural crest separate from the neural tube and form the cord's sensory neurons, eventually coming to be the PNS (peripheral nervous system). The ectoderm is outermost of the three germ layers of the developing embryo, the other two being the mesoderm and the endoderm. ... Embryos (and one tadpole) of the wrinkled frog (Rana rugosa you beezie). ... The nervous system of an animal coordinates the activity of the muscles, monitors the organs, constructs and processes input from the senses, and initiates actions. ... The neural tube is the embryonal structure that gives rise to the brain and spinal cord. ... The vertebrate central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. ... The spinal cord is a part of the vertebrate nervous system that is enclosed in and protected by the vertebral column (it passes through the spinal canal). ... In the anatomy of animals, the brain, or encephalon, is the supervisory center of the nervous system. ... The peripheral nervous system or PNS, is part of the nervous system, and consists of the nerves and neurons that reside or extend outside the central nervous system--to serve the limbs and organs, for example. ...
Soon after neural induction, the neuralplate begins to fold inward from the side to from the neural groove, which fuses at the top of the embryo to form a hollow arrangement of cells called the neural tube.
If the neural tube does not close at its front end, the result is anencephaly, a condition in which the gross brain structure is greatly disturbed.
Neural crest cells leave the neural tube soon after it has closed and migrate away to form a wide variety of peripheral tissues, such as the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.