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Encyclopedia > New York and Harlem Railroad
New York and Harlem Railroad

An 1847 map of Lower Manhattan; the only railroad in Manhattan at that time was the New York and Harlem Railroad.
Locale New York City
Dates of operation 1832 – 1873 (main line)
1832 – 1896 and 1920 – 1935 (streetcars)
Track gauge
Headquarters

The New York and Harlem Railroad (now the Metro-North Railroad Harlem Line) was one of the first railroads in the United States, and possibly the first street railway, running north from Lower Manhattan to and beyond Harlem. The line was later truncated at Grand Central Terminal, with the rest becoming part of the Fourth Avenue Horse Car Line. The line became part of the New York Central Railroad system, with trackage rights granted to the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad into Manhattan. It is now part of the Metro-North Railroad system, and the only Manhattan trackage of that system. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1596x1811, 2011 KB) 1847 map of Lower Manhattan, reproduced in Twelve Historical New York City Street and Transit Maps from 1860 to 1967. ... Woolworth Building, looking south along Broadway Lower Manhattan, from the Brooklyn Bridge, 2005 Rigid airship the USS Akron over Lower Manhattan Lower Manhattan is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the City of New York. ... Nickname: Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1625 Government  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area  - City  468. ... Rail gauge is the distance between two rails of a railroad. ... The Metro-North Railroad (officially the Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company, and usually abbreviated as Metro-North) is a suburban commuter rail service between New York City to its northern suburbs in New York and Connecticut. ... Metro-Norths Harlem Line, originally the New York Central Railroads New York and Harlem Railroad, is a commuter rail line running north from New York City into Dutchess County. ... Several railroads have been called the oldest in the United States. ... a historic postcard showing electric trolley-powered streetcars in Richmond, Virginia, where Frank J. Sprague successfully demonstrated his new system on the hills in 1888 A streetcar is a railway vehicle designed to carry passengers on tracks, usually laid in city streets. ... Woolworth Building, looking south along Broadway Lower Manhattan, from the Brooklyn Bridge, 2005 Rigid airship the USS Akron over Lower Manhattan Lower Manhattan is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the City of New York. ... For other uses, see Harlem (disambiguation). ... The main concourse Grand Central Terminal (GCT, often unofficially called Grand Central Station) is a terminal rail station at 15 Vanderbilt Avenue (42nd Street and Park Avenue) in Midtown Manhattan in New York City. ... A horsecar was an animal-powered streetcar (or tram). ... The New York Central Railroad (AAR reporting mark NYC), known simply as the New York Central in its publicity, was a railroad operating in the North-Eastern United States. ... A union station or union terminal is a train station where tracks and facilities are shared by two or more railway companies, allowing passengers to connect conveniently between them. ... The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (AAR reporting mark NH) was a railroad that operated in the northeast United States. ... The Metro-North Railroad (officially the Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company, and usually abbreviated as Metro-North) is a suburban commuter rail service between New York City to its northern suburbs in New York and Connecticut. ... Manhattan is a borough of New York City, USA, coterminous with New York County. ...

Contents

History

The company was incorporated on April 25, 1831 as the New York and Harlem Railroad Company, to link New York City with Harlem (specifically, the "power to construct a single or double railroad or way from any point on the northern boundaries of Twenty-third Street to any point on the Harlem River by the power and force of steam or of any mechanical or other power or any combination of them." The first section, along The Bowery from Prince Street north to 14th Street, opened on November 26, 1832. After that, the following sections opened: April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (116th in leap years). ... Leopold I 1831 (MDCCCXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Nickname: Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1625 Government  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area  - City  468. ... For other uses, see Harlem (disambiguation). ... The Bowery is a well-known street in Manhattan that more or less marks the boundary between Chinatown and Little Italy on one side and the Lower East Side on the other — running from Chatham Square in the south to Astor Place in the north. ... 14th Street looking west from Fifth Avenue 14th Street is an important east-west thoroughfare in Manhattan in New York City. ... November 26 is the 330th day (331st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1832 (MDCCCXXXII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ...

A branch was built to Port Morris for freight. June 10 is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Park Avenue in the Upper East Side (2004) Park Avenue (formerly Fourth Avenue) is a wide boulevard that carries traffic north and south in Manhattan in New York City. ... This article covers streets in Manhattan, New York City, USA between and including 23rd Street and 42nd Street. ... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (130th in leap years). ... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Park Avenue in the Upper East Side (2004) Park Avenue (formerly Fourth Avenue) is a wide boulevard that carries traffic north and south in Manhattan in New York City. ... A section of Yorkville as seen from a high rise on Second Avenue and 87th Street Yorkville is a neighborhood within the Upper East Side of the borough of Manhattan in the city of New York City. ... The north end of the tunnel The Murray Hill Tunnel passes under Park Avenue in Manhattan, New York, New York, USA, just south of Grand Central Terminal. ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Park Avenue in the Upper East Side (2004) Park Avenue (formerly Fourth Avenue) is a wide boulevard that carries traffic north and south in Manhattan in New York City. ... Harlem is a neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, long known as a major African American cultural and business center. ... May 4 is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Bowery is a well-known street in Manhattan that more or less marks the boundary between Chinatown and Little Italy on one side and the Lower East Side on the other — running from Chatham Square in the south to Astor Place in the north. ... Centre Street runs north-south in the New York City borough of Manhattan. ... City Hall in its modern setting New York City Hall is the center of New York Citys municipal government. ... Park Row, circa 1900 Park Row is a street located in Lower Manhattan; during the late 1800s, it was nicknamed Newspaper Row due to most of New York Citys Newspapers located on the street. ... September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Williamsbridge is a neighborhood in the East Bronx in New York City. ... December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... White Plains is a city located in Westchester County, New York. ... June 1 is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Dover Plains is a hamlet (and census-designated place) located in Dutchess County, New York. ... January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Boston and Albany Railroad (AAR reporting mark BA) was a railroad connecting Boston, Massachusetts to Albany, New York. ... A union station or union terminal is a train station where tracks and facilities are shared by two or more railway companies, allowing passengers to connect conveniently between them. ... New York State Capitol Building, completed in 1899 at a cost of $25 million was the most expensive government building of its time. ... November 26 is the 330th day (331st in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Park Row, circa 1900 Park Row is a street located in Lower Manhattan; during the late 1800s, it was nicknamed Newspaper Row due to most of New York Citys Newspapers located on the street. ... A view of Broadway in 1909 Broadway, as the name implies, is a wide avenue in New York City, and is the oldest north-south main thoroughfare in the city, dating to the first New Amsterdam settlement. ... Freight is a term used to classify the transportation of cargo and is typically a commercial process. ...


Horses were used at first, but this was changed to steam north of 23rd Street. It was soon bought by Cornelius Vanderbilt. Binomial name Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 The horse (Equus caballus, sometimes seen as a subspecies of the Wild Horse, Equus ferus caballus) is a large odd-toed ungulate mammal, one of ten modern species of the genus Equus. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into articles entitled steam and water vapor, accessible from a disambiguation page. ... 23rd Street runs from river to river across Manhattan, carrying two-way traffic. ... Cornelius Vanderbilt Cornelius Vanderbilt I (May 27, 1794 – January 4, 1877), also known by the sobriquets The Commodore [1] [2] or Commodore Vanderbilt [3], was an American entrepreneur who built his wealth in shipping and railroads and was the patriarch of the Vanderbilt family. ...


The New York City Common Council passed an ordinance on December 27, 1854, to take effect in 18 months, barring the NY&H from using steam power south of 42nd Street, due to complains by abutters. Before that, the steam locomotives had run to 32nd Street. When the ordinance took effect, the NY&H had not done anything. After much debate, including an injunction issued preventing the city from enforcing the ordinance, the courts struck down the injunction on July 30, 1858. Common Council may refer to: Buffalo Common Council, the legislative branch of the Buffalo, NY City Government Los Angeles Common Council, the predecessor of the Los Angeles City Council which serves the City of Los Angeles, California today Category: ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... It has been suggested that this article be split into articles entitled steam and water vapor, accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Main article: Transportation in New York City 42nd Street, NYC 42nd Street is a major crosstown street in the New York City borough of Manhattan, known for its theaters, especially near the intersection with Broadway at Times Square. ... This article covers streets in Manhattan, New York City, USA between and including 23rd Street and 42nd Street. ... Look up Injunction in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... July 30 is the 211th day of the year (212th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...


Between 1847 and 1856, a track was built in Grand Street between Centre Street and The Bowery (along with one block on The Bowery) for northbound trains. Southbound trains continued to use the old route. 1847 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Cooperative Village at the eastern end of Crand Street. ... Centre Street runs north-south in the New York City borough of Manhattan. ... The Bowery is a well-known street in Manhattan that more or less marks the boundary between Chinatown and Little Italy on one side and the Lower East Side on the other — running from Chatham Square in the south to Astor Place in the north. ...


Grand Central Depot opened just north of 42nd Street in October 1871, and intercity passenger trains from the north were ended there. (Ironically, by this point, the first of the Manhattan els had opened on Ninth Avenue.) Freight trains continued to operate along the tracks south of Grand Central, as did streetcars (still turning off at 42nd). On April 1, 1873, the NY&H leased its freight lines to the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, but the horse car line south of Grand Central remained separate. This eventually became the New York Central Railroad and then part of Penn Central and Conrail. Metro-North Railroad took over the line in 1983. Interior of Grand Central Terminal, circa 1920 Grand Central Terminal (often still called Grand Central Station, although technically that is the name of the nearby post office) is a train station at 15 Vanderbilt Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York, a borough of New York City, located at 42nd Street... Main article: Transportation in New York City 42nd Street, NYC 42nd Street is a major crosstown street in the New York City borough of Manhattan, known for its theaters, especially near the intersection with Broadway at Times Square. ... 1871 (MDCCCLXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The New York City Subway has had a long history, beginning as many disjointed systems and eventually merging under City control. ... The IRT Ninth Avenue Line, often called the Ninth Avenue Elevated, was the first elevated railway in New York City, first opened in 1868 as the West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway, a cable-hauled line. ... April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1873 (MDCCCLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... The New York Central Railroad, known simply as the New York Central in its publicity and with the AAR reporting mark of NYC, was a railroad operating in the North-Eastern United States. ... The New York Central Railroad (AAR reporting mark NYC), known simply as the New York Central in its publicity, was a railroad operating in the North-Eastern United States. ... The Penn Central Transportation Company, normally called Penn Central, was an American railroad company, headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and formed by the merger on February 1, 1968 of the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central Railroad; the New Haven was added to the merger at the insistence of the... Conrail 6114, a GE Dash 8-40CW, leads a train westbound out of Altoona, Pennsylvania. ... The Metro-North Railroad (officially the Metro-North Commuter Railroad Company, and usually abbreviated as Metro-North) is a suburban commuter rail service between New York City to its northern suburbs in New York and Connecticut. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...


The streetcar line

In 1864 or 1865, a branch was added for trains between downtown and the 34th Street Ferry, running along 32nd Street, Lexington Avenue and 34th Street. This was the start of separate horse car service, running between Astor House and the ferry. 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... This article covers streets in Manhattan, New York City, USA between and including 23rd Street and 42nd Street. ... Lexington Avenue is an avenue on the East Side of the borough of Manhattan in New York City that carries southbound one-way traffic from East 131st Street to Gramercy Park at East 21st Street. ... The Empire State building, dominating the skyline. ... A horsecar was an animal-powered streetcar (or tram). ...


On July 2, 1870, horse cars started to run not only to the 34th Street Ferry but to 73rd Street via Madison Avenue. These trains ran through the Murray Hill Tunnel and turned west on 42nd before going north on Madison (northbound cars used Vanderbilt Avenue to 44th Street). The line was soon extended to 86th Street and then to Harlem. July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Madison Avenue, looking north from 40th Street Madison Avenue is a north-south avenue in the borough of Manhattan in New York City that carries northbound one-way traffic. ... The north end of the tunnel The Murray Hill Tunnel passes under Park Avenue in Manhattan, New York, New York, USA, just south of Grand Central Terminal. ... Vanderbilt Avenue is a short street in Manhattan, New York. ... 86th Street is a major two-way street in the Upper East Side and Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York. ... Harlem is a neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, long known as a major African American cultural and business center. ...


The first electric streetcar open to passengers in New York City, a Julien electric traction car, was run on September 17, 1888 on the line to 86th Street. The line went back to using horses for a time, but switched to an underground third rail in 1897. Nickname: Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1625 Government  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area  - City  468. ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... Year 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 86th Street is a major two-way street in the Upper East Side and Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York. ... Third rail at the West Falls Church Metro stop in Washington, D.C., electrified to 750 volts. ... 1897 (MDCCCXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...


On July 1, 1896, the Metropolitan Street Railway leased the streetcar lines. The New York City Railway, which leased the Metropolitan, went bankrupt in 1908 (?), and was sold to receivers, who gave the Fourth Avenue line back to the Metropolitan Street Railway for operation on July 31, 1908. The lease was terminated on January 31, 1920, and operation was returned to the NY&H. On October 10, 1932, it was leased again, this time to the New York Railways Corporation, with the right to bustitute the lines. The stockholders voted to do this on February 19, 1934. An approximation of the route is now traveled by MTA New York City Transit's M1 bus. The Murray Hill Tunnel now carries two lanes of roadway, but not the buses. July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1896 (MDCCCXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display calendar). ... Map of the 1911 system The New York Railways Company, reorganized into the New York Railways Corporation in 1925, and also known as the Green Lines,[1] was a street railway in Manhattan, New York City, United States. ... Map of the 1911 system The New York Railways Company, reorganized into the New York Railways Corporation in 1925, and also known as the Green Lines,[1] was a street railway in Manhattan, New York City, United States. ... Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay their creditors. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Map of the 1911 system The New York Railways Company, reorganized into the New York Railways Corporation in 1925, and also known as the Green Lines,[1] was a street railway in Manhattan, New York City, United States. ... July 31 is the 212th day of the year (213th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... January 31 is the 31st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... October 10 is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years). ... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... The term bustitution is sometimes used to name the practice of replacing train service, whether street railways (light rail or tram/streetcar systems) or full-size railway systems, with a bus service, either on a temporary or permanent basis. ... February 19 is the 50th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display full 1934 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The New York City Transit Authority (also known as NYCTA, NYCT or simply the TA for Transit Authority) is a New York State Authority that operates buses and subway trains in New York City. ... The north end of the tunnel The Murray Hill Tunnel passes under Park Avenue in Manhattan, New York, New York, USA, just south of Grand Central Terminal. ...

The New York Central Railroad (AAR reporting mark NYC), known simply as the New York Central in its publicity, was a railroad operating in the North-Eastern United States. ... Consolidation, under date of August 1, 1850, of The Auburn and Rochester Railroad Company, which was incorporated May 13, 1836, and road opened in August, 1841; and The Auburn and Syracuse Railroad Company, which was incorporated May 1, 1834, and road opened in June, 1838. ... Incorporated December 14, 1850. ... The Schenectady and Troy Railroad was incorporated May 21, 1837. ... The Buffalo and Niagara Falls Railroad was a part of the New York Central Railroad system, connecting Buffalo, New York to Niagara Falls. ... Incorporated May 17, 1852; merged September 30, 1855 into the New York Central Railroad Company. ... The New York Central Railroad (AAR reporting mark NYC), known simply as the New York Central in its publicity, was a railroad operating in the North-Eastern United States. ... The Canada Southern Railway (AAR reporting mark CASO) was a railroad in southern Ontario, Canada, founded in 1869. ... Michigan Central Railroad operated in the states of Michigan, Indiana, Ontario, and Illinois in the United Statesand Canada. ... The Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway, sometimes referred to as the Lake Shore, was a major part of the New York Central Railroads Water Level Route from Buffalo, New York to Chicago, Illinois, primarily along the south shore of Lake Erie and across northern Indiana. ... The Geneva and Lyons Railroad was organized in 1877 and opened in 1878, leased by the New York Central from opening. ... The New York, Chicago and St. ... The West Shore Railroad was the final name of a railroad from Weehawken, New Jersey, across the Hudson River from New York City, north along the west shore of the river to Albany, New York and then west to Buffalo. ... The Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, commonly known as The Hojack Line, operated along the south shore of Lake Ontario, from Niagara Falls, New York to Oswego, New York. ... The New York and Putnam Railroad (nicknamed Old Put) was the final name for a railroad line heading north from New York City, halfway between the Hudson River Railroad and New York and Harlem Railroad. ... The Terminal Railway was a part of the New York Central Railroad system southeast of Buffalo, New York. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into articles entitled Boston and Albany Railroad and Framingham/Worcester Line. ... The Rutland Railroad was a small railroad in the north-eastern United States, primarily in the state of Vermont but extending into the state of New York. ... The New York and Ottawa Railway was a railroad connecting Tupper Lake in northeastern New York to Ottawa, Ontario, becoming part of the New York Central Railroad system in 1905. ...

External links

References

  • Railroad History Database
  • Steam Below Forty-second-street, New York Times July 2, 1856 page 8
  • Railroad is King, New York Times, September 24, 1856 page 2
  • The Harlem Railroad Compant vs. The City and Police Commissioners, New York Times July 31, 1858 page 4
  • General News, New York Times December 15, 1863 page 4
  • Our City Railroads, New York Times December 26, 1865 page 8
  • Madison Avenue Railway, New York Times July 3, 1870 page 5
  • Local News in Brief, New York Times November 1, 1871 page 8
  • New York's First Electric Car, New York Times September 18, 1888 page 8
  • Quicker Surface Transit, New York Times December 6, 1896 page 16
  • New York & Harlem Intact for Century, New York Times May 25, 1930 page 39

  Results from FactBites:
 
New York Central Railroad: Information from Answers.com (3314 words)
The New York Central was known as the "Water Level Route", as its mainline to New York City ran along the Hudson River and the shores of Lake Ontario and Lake Erie.
It was leased to the NYC in 1853.
The Saratoga and Hudson River Railroad was chartered in 1864 and opened in 1866 as a branch of the NYC from Athens Junction, southeast of Schenectady, southeast and south to Athens on the west side of the Hudson River.
New York State Railroads (6369 words)
NEW YORK AND ALBANY (THE) AND NEW YORK AND HARLEM RAILROAD (THE)
It was leased to the Western (Mass.) Railroad, Nov. 18, 1841, for the term of its charter, and later was operated as a part of that road, including the ferry at Albany.
The road was allowed to connect with the Chemung Railroad at Jefferson, and to change its name Sept. 11th, 1852, to Canandaigua and Elmira Railroad; it subsequently became a part of the New York Central system.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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