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The 1996 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. It was notable for being the first election to be held under the new Mixed Member Proportional electoral system, and produced a parliament considerably more diverse than previous elections. It saw the National Party, led by Jim Bolger, retain its position in government, but only after protracted negotiations with the smaller New Zealand First party to form a coalition. New Zealand First's position as "kingmaker", able to place either of the two major parties into government, was a significant election outcome. The New Zealand Parliament is the legislative body of the New Zealand government. ...
The Additional Member System (AMS) is a voting system where some representatives are elected from geographic constituencies and others are elected under proportional representation from party lists. ...
Current National Party logo The New Zealand National Party currently forms the second-largest (in terms of seats) political party in the New Zealand Parliament, and thus functions as the core of the Opposition. ...
The Right Honourable James Brendan Jim Bolger, ONZ, (born 31 May 1935) was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1990 to 1997. ...
Current New Zealand First logo New Zealand First is a political party in New Zealand. ...
Members of New Zealands House of Representatives, commonly called Parliament, normally gain their seats in nationwide general elections, or, less frequently, in by-elections. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_New_Zealand. ...
The 1853 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 1st term. ...
The 1855 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 2nd term. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1860 was held between December 12 and March 28 to elect a total of 53 MPs to the 3rd session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1866 was held between February 12 and April 6 to elect a total of 70 MPs to the 4th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1871 was held between January 14 and February 1 to elect a total of 78 MPs to the 5th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1875 was held between December 29 and January 4 (1876) to elect a total of 88 MPs to the 6th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1879 was held between August 15 and September 1 to elect a total of 88 MPs to the 7th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1881 was held December 9 to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 8th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1884 was held July 22 to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 9th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1887 was held July 22 to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 9th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1890 was held December 5 to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 11th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1893 was held November 28 to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 12th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1896 was held December 4 to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 13th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1899 was held December 6 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 14th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1902 was held November 25 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 15th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1905 was held December 6 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 16th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1908 was held November 17, November 24 and December 1 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 17th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1911 was held December 7 and December 14 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 18th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1914 was held December 10 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 19th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1919 was held December 17 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 20h session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1922 was held December 7 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 21st session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1925 was held November 4 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 22nd session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The New Zealand general election of 1925 was held November 14 to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 23rd session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 1931 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 24th term. ...
The 1935 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 25th term. ...
The 1938 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 26th term. ...
The 1943 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 27th term. ...
The 1946 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 28th term. ...
The 1949 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 29th term. ...
The 1951 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 30th term. ...
The 1954 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 31st term. ...
The 1957 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 32nd term. ...
The 1960 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 33rd term. ...
The 1963 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 34th term. ...
The 1966 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 35th term. ...
The final results of the New Zealand General Election 1969 were 45 seats won by the National Party, and 39 seats won by the Labour Party, with no minor parties winning any seats. ...
The final results of the New Zealand General Election 1972 were 55 seats won by the Labour party (led by Norman Kirk) and 32 seats won by the National Party, with no minor parties winning any seats. ...
The 1975 New Zealand general election was the first election in New Zealand where all permanent residents of New Zealand were eligible to vote, although only citizens were able to be elected. ...
The 1978 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to elect the 39th New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 1981 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 1984 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 1987 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 1990 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliaments 43rd term. ...
The 1993 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 1999 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 46th session of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 2002 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the 47th New Zealand Parliament. ...
The 2005 New Zealand general election was held on 17 September 2005. ...
Background
The new Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) electoral system had been introduced as part of a process of electoral reform in New Zealand, and had been approved by the public a referendum conducted alongside the 1993 election. It was aimed at giving parliament proportional representation, ensuring that parties would receive a number of seats equivalent to their level of support. The greatest beneficiaries of this change were smaller parties - while they possessed considerable support, this support was generally spread evenly out across the country, making it difficult for them to gain a majority in any one electorate. The Additional Member System (AMS) is a voting system where some representatives are elected from geographic constituencies and others are elected under proportional representation from party lists. ...
Until 1996, New Zealand used the British system of first past the post (FPP) for parliamentary elections . ...
The 1993 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the New Zealand Parliament. ...
Proportional representation (PR) is any election system which ensures a proportionally representative result of a democratic election, x% of votes should be represented by x% in the democratic institutions, parliament or congress. ...
In the 1993 election, the National Party and the Labour Party had won 50 and 45 seats, respectively. The Alliance and the New Zealand First party had each won two seats. In the approach to MMP, however, there had been considerable rearrangement in parliament, with three new parties being established. As such, the situation just before the 1996 election was markedly from the situation that had been established at the 1993 election. Current National Party logo The New Zealand National Party currently forms the second-largest (in terms of seats) political party in the New Zealand Parliament, and thus functions as the core of the Opposition. ...
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. ...
Current Alliance logo The Alliance, when referring to New Zealand politics, refers to a left-wing political party. ...
Current New Zealand First logo New Zealand First is a political party in New Zealand. ...
| Party | Won at
last election | By time of
1996 election | Reasons for change | | National Party | 50 | 41 | Defection of 9 MPs | | | Labour Party | 45 | 41 | Defection of 4 MPs | | | United Party | - | 7 | Formed by 4 former National MPs and 3 former Labour MPs | | | New Zealand First | 2 | 5 | Initial MPs joined by 2 former National MPs and one former Labour MP | | | Alliance | 2 | 2 | No change | | | Conservative Party | - | 1 | Founded by 2 former National MPs; one later became an independent | | | Christian Democrats | - | 1 | Founded by a former National MP | | | Independents | - | 1 | A former National (and briefly Conservative) MP | All five minor parties were relatively recent splinterings from the larger parties. Only New Zealand First and the Alliance had broken away prior to the 1993-1996 parliamentary term - the other three parties had all been established in the approach to MMP. United had been founded by seven sitting MPs from both major parties, and hoped to form a broad centrist party. The Conservatives (originally named Right-of-Centre) were a small National splinter group founded by former minister Ross Meurant, who soon split from his own party to become an independent, leaving Trevor Rogers as the sole Conservative MP. The Christian Democrats were established by former National MP Graeme Lee. Current National Party logo The New Zealand National Party currently forms the second-largest (in terms of seats) political party in the New Zealand Parliament, and thus functions as the core of the Opposition. ...
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. ...
United New Zealand logo This article is about the party founded in 1995. ...
Current New Zealand First logo New Zealand First is a political party in New Zealand. ...
Current Alliance logo The Alliance, when referring to New Zealand politics, refers to a left-wing political party. ...
This article is about the minor party founded by Ross Meurant in 1994. ...
The Christian Democrat Party of New Zealand was a Christian political party established in 1995. ...
Ross Meurant, a New Zealand public figure, has at various times gained public attention as a police officer, a businessman, a politician, and a political lobbyist. ...
Trevor Rogers is a former New Zealand politician. ...
Graeme Lee is a former New Zealand politician. ...
In the approach to the election, the Alliance stated that it would not enter into a coalition with any other party, and New Zealand First gave strong indications that it would not enter into coalition with National.
The election The date of the 1996 election was 12 October. 2,418,587 people were registered to vote, and 88.3% of these people turned out. The turnout was a slight improvement on the previous two elections, but still slightly lower than what would have been expected during the 1980s. The number of seats being contested was 120, an increase of 21 from the previous election, but, as many of the new seats were for list candidates, the number of electorates was reduced considerably. As such, many electorates had their boundaries amended or were abolished. // Events and trends The 1980s marked an abrupt shift towards more conservative lifestyles after the momentous cultural revolutions which took place in the 1960s and 1970s and the definition of the AIDS virus in 1981. ...
Summary of results The 1996 election eventually saw a victory for the governing National Party, which won around a third of the vote. The opposition Labour Party won slightly less. The election, however, was not decided by the comparative strengths of the major parties - rather, the smaller New Zealand First party, which won 17 seats, was placed in the position of "kingmaker", able to provide the necessary majority to whichever side it chose. Although predicted by many to ally with Labour, New Zealand First leader Winston Peters eventually chose to form a coalition with National, thus preserving Prime Minister Jim Bolger's administration. Current National Party logo The New Zealand National Party currently forms the second-largest (in terms of seats) political party in the New Zealand Parliament, and thus functions as the core of the Opposition. ...
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. ...
Current New Zealand First logo New Zealand First is a political party in New Zealand. ...
The Right Honourable Winston Raymond Peters (born April 11, 1945) is a New Zealand politician and Member of Parliament. ...
The Right Honourable James Brendan Jim Bolger, ONZ, (born 31 May 1935) was Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1990 to 1997. ...
The 1996 election effectively showcased the difference made by the new electoral system. The Alliance and New Zealand First, both of which held two seats each in the old parliament, increased their representation to 13 and 17 seats, respectively, as a result of the change. The new ACT New Zealand also benefited, taking eight seats. The MMP system did not, however, save the United New Zealand party - United was virtually wiped out, retaining only a single seat. The Conservative Party fared even worse, failing to remain in parliament at all. Current Alliance logo The Alliance, when referring to New Zealand politics, refers to a left-wing political party. ...
Current New Zealand First logo New Zealand First is a political party in New Zealand. ...
Current ACT New Zealand logo ACT New Zealand is a free market liberal party in the New Zealand Parliament. ...
United New Zealand logo This article is about the party founded in 1995. ...
This article is about the minor party founded by Ross Meurant in 1994. ...
Also notable in the 1996 election campaign was the Christian Coalition, an alliance of the Christian Democrats and the Christian Heritage Party. Although the party had briefly crossed the 5% threshold in some polls, it gained only 4.33% at the election, and therefore did not qualify for proportional representation. With the exception of the Maori Ratana movement, this is the closest that an overtly religious party has come to winning representation in parliament. Christian Coalition logo The Christian Coalition was a Christian political party operating in New Zealand. ...
The Christian Democrat Party of New Zealand was a Christian political party established in 1995. ...
Christian Heritage New Zealand (formerly known as the Christian Heritage Party) is a New Zealand political party promoting what it sees as Christian values. ...
Both a religion and a pan-tribal political force, the Ratana movement was founded by Tahupotiki Wiremu Ratana (1873 - 1939) in early 20th century New Zealand. ...
Detailed results
National results The table below displays data on the performance of all registered parties that submitted a party list. Parties are listed in order of the number of party votes they received.
Displayed on the table are:
- The number of electorate candidates the party put forward. These are candidates that attempt to win a seat by gaining a majority within a specific electorate.
- The number of candidates on the party's list. These are candidates who will enter parliament to bring the party up to the number of seats that it is entitled to (as determined by its share of the vote - see below). Note that many list candidates are also electorate candidates, being removed from the list if they are successful in their electorate. After all electorate winners have taken their seats, each party is "topped up" to its level of entitlement with the highest candidates remaining on the party list.
- The number of party (or list) votes a party won. These votes determine how many seats in parliament a party is entitled to.
- A representation of these party votes as a percentage of the total number cast.
- The number of seats a party actually received.
- How many of the seats won were electorate seats, and how many were list seats used to bring the party up to its entitled strength.
| Party | Candidates | List
votes | Percentage
of list votes | Total
seats won | Seat breakdown | | Electorate | List | | National Party | 64 | 65 | 701,315 | 33.87% | 44 | 30 electorate seats, 14 list seats | | Labour Party | 65 | 60 | 584,159 | 28.19% | 37 | 26 electorate seats, 11 list seats | | New Zealand First | 65 | 62 | 278,603 | 13.35% | 17 | 6 electorate seats, 11 list seats | | Alliance | 65 | 65 | 209,347 | 10.10% | 13 | 1 electorate seat, 12 list seats | | ACT | 65 | 56 | 126,442 | 6.10% | 8 | 1 electorate seat, 7 list seats | | Christian Coalition | 37 | 41 | 89,716 | 4.33% | - | - | | Legalise Cannabis Party | 4 | 19 | 34,398 | 1.66% | - | - | | United New Zealand | 25 | 29 | 18,245 | 0.88% | 1 | 1 electorate seat | | McGillicuddy Serious Party | 45 | 65 | 5,900 | 0.29% | - | - | | Progressive Green Party | 23 | 15 | 5,288 | 0.26% | - | - | | Mana Maori Movement | 7 | 18 | 4,070 | 0.20% | - | - | | Animals First | 0 | 7 | 3,543 | 0.17% | - | - | | Natural Law Party | 64 | 65 | 3,189 | 0.15% | - | - | | Ethnic Minority Party | 0 | 11 | 2,514 | 0.12% | - | - | | Green Society | 0 | 11 | 2,363 | 0.11% | - | - | | Conservative Party | 6 | 20 | 1,431 | 0.07% | - | - | | Superannuitants and Youth | 5 | 12 | 1,244 | 0.06% | - | - | | Advance New Zealand | 6 | 10 | 949 | 0.05% | - | - | | Libertarianz | 2 | 24 | 671 | 0.03% | - | - | | Asia Pacific United Party | 3 | 9 | 478 | 0.02% | - | - | | Te Tawharau | 5 | 6 | 404 | 0.02% | - | - | In addition to the registered parties listed above, a number of unregistered parties also contested the election. Being unregistered, they could not submit party lists (and thus receive party votes), but they could still stand candidates in individual electorates. Among the parties to do this were the Indigenous Peoples Party, the New Zealand Progressive Party (unrelated to the present-day party of the same name) and the Nga Iwi Morehu Movement. Most unregistered parties stood only a single candidate, with only four parties running in multiple electorates. In total, around 1,500 people voted for candidates from unregistered parties. In addition, 26 independents contested electorate seats. A total of 16,436 people voted for independent candidates. No candidates from unregistered parties managed to win electorate seats, or to be placed second. The same was true of independents. Current National Party logo The New Zealand National Party currently forms the second-largest (in terms of seats) political party in the New Zealand Parliament, and thus functions as the core of the Opposition. ...
The New Zealand Labour Party is a New Zealand political party. ...
Current New Zealand First logo New Zealand First is a political party in New Zealand. ...
Current Alliance logo The Alliance, when referring to New Zealand politics, refers to a left-wing political party. ...
Current ACT New Zealand logo ACT New Zealand is a free market liberal party in the New Zealand Parliament. ...
Christian Coalition logo The Christian Coalition was a Christian political party operating in New Zealand. ...
The Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party (sometimes known as the ALCP) is a small political party in New Zealand (Aotearoa). ...
United New Zealand logo This article is about the party founded in 1995. ...
The McGillicuddy Serious Party was a satirical political party in New Zealand. ...
Progressive Greens logo The Progressive Green Party was an environmentalist political party in New Zealand. ...
The Mana Maori Movement is a New Zealand political party. ...
Animals First was a New Zealand political party dedicated to animal rights and animal welfare. ...
The Natural Law Party of New Zealand was formed in 1995 and bases its policies on the concept of natural law. ...
The Ethnic Minority Party was a New Zealand political party which focused on Asian voters, particularly Chinese and Indians. ...
The Green Society was a small New Zealand political party dedicated to environmentalism. ...
This article is about the minor party founded by Ross Meurant in 1994. ...
Current Libertarianz logo Libertarianz is a political party in New Zealand dedicated to libertarianism, and claims to be the only party in New Zealand dedicated to maximising personal freedom and reducing the size of government -- to getting government out of your face, out of your pocket, and out of your...
The Asia Pacific United Party was a New Zealand political party based around the countrys Asian and Pacific Islander populations. ...
Te Tawharau (roughly translated as the shelter) is a Maori political party in New Zealand. ...
Electorate results
 Download high resolution version (596x604, 32 KB)Map of the 1996 New Zealand elections. ...
The 1996 election was notable for the significant change of electorate boundaries. Because of the introduction of the MMP electoral system, the number of electorates had to be reduced, leading to significant changes. Many electorates were abolished, with their territories being incorporated into completely new districts. More than half of the electorates contested in 1996 were newly constituted, and most of the remainder had seen significant boundary changes. The Additional Member System (AMS) is a voting system where some representatives are elected from geographic constituencies and others are elected under proportional representation from party lists. ...
No party managed to win a straight majority of the 65 electorates. The National Party, the governing party, was three seats short of a majority, gaining 30 seats. The Labour Party, in opposition, won 26 electorate seats. New Zealand First won six electorate seats, the highest number of any minor party for over 50 years.
The Alliance, ACT and United managed to win one electorate seat each. For United, this was a significant loss - established by break-away MPs from National and Labour, the party entered the election with seven seats, but only Peter Dunne managed to retain his position. Peter Dunne Peter Dunne (17 March 1954 - ) leads New Zealands United Future political party. ...
For the most part, traditional patterns prevailed when it came to the distribution of electorates - National performed best in rural areas, while Labour was strongest in the cities. A very significant departure from traditional patterns, however, was New Zealand First's capture of all five Maori seats, which had traditionally been Labour strongholds. Although Labour was to reclaim these seats in the subsequent election, Labour's monopoly was no longer so secure as it had been.
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The Hon. ...
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Tame Iti (b c. ...
Tau Henare (29 September 1960 - ) is a New Zealand parliamentarian. ...
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Tutekawa Wyllie (24 October 1954 - ), generally called Tu Wyllie, is a former New Zealand politician. ...
Tini Whetu Marama Tirikatene-Sullivan (9 January 1932 - ), generally called Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan, is a former New Zealand politician. ...
List results | National | Don McKinnon
Paul East
Doug Graham
Georgina Te Heuheu
Katherine O'Regan
Simon Upton
Joy McLauchlan
Roger Sowry
Jim Gerard
Arthur Anae
Eric Roy
Peter Gresham
Roger Maxwell
Pansy Wong | | Unsuccessful: Annabel Young, Alec Neill, Wayne Taitoko, David Major, Margie Stevens, Lindsay Tisch, Phil Raffills, Karyn Bisdee, Mark Thomas, Shane Frith, Margaret Moir, Paul Hutchison, Angus McKay, Stuart Boag, Rihari Dick Dargaville, Peta Butt, Wayne Kimber, Graeme Reeves, Sue McKenzie, George Mathew, Cliff Bedwell, Ken Yee, Kathryn Ward | | Labour | Dover Samuels
Lianne Dalziel
Mark Gosche
Jonathan Hunt
Nanaia Mahuta
Jill White
Marian Hobbs
Joe Hawke
Dianne Yates
Ruth Dyson
Tariana Turia | | Unsuccessful: Helen Duncan, John Blincoe, Martin Gallagher, Verna Smith, Matiu Dickson, Suzanne Sinclair, Richard Northey, Sue Moroney, Lesley Soper, Amanda Coulston, Lynette Stutz, Nellie Clay, Fa'amatuainu Tui, Bronwyn Maxwell, Geoff Stone, Bruce Raitt, Leo Mangos, Ishwar Ganda, Lorraine Wilson, Valerie Taylor, Norah Walker, Rosemary Michie, Ann Hartley, Trudi Sunitsch, Tamati Kruger, Geoff Rowling, John Forman, Jeanne Macaskill, David Munro, Gary Williams, Graham Elliot, Ben Cheah, Nathan Saminathan, Sunia Raitava, Hori Awa, Henry De Thierry | | New Zealand First | Ann Batten
Peter McCardle
Jenny Bloxham
Brian Donnelly
Jack Elder
Doug Woolerton
Deborah Morris
Ron Mark
Neil Kirton
Peter Brown
Robyn McDonald | | Unsuccessful: Gilbert Myles, Ian Peters, Graham Harding, Claire Bulman, Jason Keiller, Clive Mortensen, Bernard Downey, Nicci Bergman, Neil Benson, Ross Gluer, Janie Phillips, Rana Waitai, Terry Heffernan, Helen Broughton, Tom Harrison, John Forbes, Colleen Page, Robin Ord, David Gill, George Groombridge, Robert Whooley, Trevor Jans, Patra de Coudray, Lem Pearse, Keri Kingi, Stuart Spencer, Richard Whitaker, Charles Sturt, Ron Chamberlain, Gavin Logan, Gordon Preston, Henry Slaats, Owen Horton, Duncan Matthews, Roger Mail, Dawn Mullins, Alan Wise, Peter Woolston, Stan Perkins, Jack Tamihana, Noeline McGlynn, Ngaire Clark, Clem Huriwaka, Thomas Moana, Marlene Kennedy, John Riddel | | Alliance | Sandra Lee-Vercoe
Jeanette Fitzsimons
John Wright
Frank Grover
Pam Corkery
Matt Robson
Laila Harré
Phillida Bunkle
Rod Donald
Grant Gillon
Alamein Kopu
Liz Gordon | | Unsuccessful: Dave MacPherson, Hone Kaiwai, Mike Smith, Leah McBey, Heather-Ann McConnachy, Hamish MacIntyre, Willie Jackson, Tafa Mulitalo, Keith Ridings, Joel Cayford, Keith Locke, Jan Davey, Bill Hamilton, Caroline Lampp, Gerard Hehir, Trevor Barnard, Danna Glendining, Jim Flynn, Rex Verity, Vernon Tile, Marie Venning, Peter Campbell, John Kilbride, Mary Tierney, Liz Thomas, Ashok Parbhu, Sue Gaffy, Harry Alchin-Smith, Rosalie Steward, Sheryl Cadman, Celia Wade-Brown, Norman Wood, Moira Lawler, Mike Ward, Kevin Campbell, Richard Davies, Gary Barham, Christine Dann, Ian Ewen-Street, Robin Gwynn, Rewi James, Brendan Tracey, Bruce Stirling, John Pemberton, Te Pare Joseph, Graham Smith, Len Richards, Tracey Hicks, Mark Robertson, Brian Morris, Huia Mitchell, Francis Petchey | | ACT | Derek Quigley
Ken Shirley
Donna Awatere Huata
Patricia Schnauer
Owen Jennings
Rodney Hide
Muriel Newman | | Unsuccessful: Anne Dill, John Ormond, Chistopher Milne, Vincent Ashworth, Marilyn Thomas, Michael Steeneveld, Nigel Mattison, Peter Snow, Valerie Wilde, Merania Karauria, Jean Hill, Marlene Lamb, Owen Dance, Katharine Sillars, Heather Mackay, Kevin Rose, John Boscawen, Matthew Ball, Garry Mallet, Angus Ogilvie, Roland Henderson, Kieran Bird, Simon Harding, Tony Huston, Thomas Howard, Robin Clulee, Peggy Luke-Ngaheke, Barry Rushton, Dean Richardson, John Latimer, John Lithgow, John Thompson, Adrian Dixon, Derek Daniell, Stephen Gore, Neil Wilson, Graeme Williams, Kevin Mathewson, Stephen Wrathall, Ian McGimpsey, Louis Crimp, Barrie Barnes, Jeffrey Buchanan, Peter King-Talbot, Brian Dent, Stephen Depiazzi, Victor Bailey, Reginald Turner | | Christian Coalition | Unsuccessful: Graeme Lee, Graham Capill, Annetta Moran, Ewen McQueen, John Jamieson, Grant Bradfield, Peter Yarrell, Julie Belding, Inky Tulloch, Mike Lloyd, Gael Donoghue, Geoff Hounsell, Murray Smith, Robin Corner, Rosemarie Thomas, Grant Bowater, Kevin Harper, Nick Barber, John Allen, Vic Jarvis, Alan Marshall, Rosemary Francis, Lindsay Bain, Helma Vermeulen, John Lawrence, Barrie Paterson, Selwyn Stevens, Wayne Chapman, Judith Phillips, Dennis Knox, Braden Matson, Geoff Francis, Kevin Honore, Maahi Tukapua, Neville Chamberlain, Renton Maclauchlan, Eleanor Goodall, Geoff Winter, Lindsay Priest, Barry Pepperell, Enosa Auva'a | | Legalise Cannabis | Unsuccessful: Michael Appleby, Michael Finlayson, Donald McIntosh, Metiria Turei, Nandor Tanczos, Martin McCully, Gregory Cobb, Tim Shadbolt, Christopher Fowlie, Elsie Barnes, Richard Austin, Richard Arachnid, Vayna Tickle, Damian Joyce, Timothy Marshall, Joel Robinson, Honty Whaanga, Sarah Ahern, Robert Ueberfeldt | | United | Unsuccessful: Clive Matthewson, Margaret Austin, John Robertson, Pauline Gardiner, Peter Hilt, Diane Colson, Ted Faleauto, Malcolm Hood, Ramparkash Samujh, Timothy Macindoe, Gail McIntosh, Frank Owen, Steven Bright, John Howie, Jacinta Grice, Keven Fleury, Graham Butterworth, Graeme Brown, Bryan Mockridge, Francis Ifopo, Jack Austin, Stuart Jordan, Derek Round, Neil Jury, John Hubscher, Brigitte Hicks-Willer, Michael Hilt, Gray Phillips | | McGillicuddy Serious | Unsuccessful: Mark Servian, Penni Bousfield, Paull Cooke, K T Julian, Robyn West, Steve Richards, Val Smith, Bernard Smith, Paul Smith, Greg Smith, Gavin Smith, Wendy Howard, Justine Francis, Doug Mackie, Grant Knowles, Marc de Boer, Swami Anand Hasyo, Peter Caldwell, Tim Owens, Adrian Holroyd, Johnny Wharton, Craig Beere, Paul Beere, William Beere, Mike Legge, Adrienne Carthew, Ross Gardner, Graeme Minchin, Grant Prankered, Derek Craig, Alastair McGlinchy, Vanessa Carnevale, Rodney Hansen, Brent T Soper, Dave Dick, Alastair Ramsden, Judy van den Yssel-Richards, Barry Bryant, Beth Holland, Rory Cathcart, Richard Griffiths, Kerry Hoole, Heidi Borchardt, Peter Clark, Nick Harper, Carly Taylor, Dale Magnus Taylor, Anthony Hobbs, Cassandra Church, Julia Johnson, Jono Baddiley, Johana Sanders, Brett Robinson, Geoff Burnett, Leanne Ireland, Tim Foster, Gary Young, Karen Nicholas, Layton, Anna Murray, Phil Clayton, Mark Baxter, Toni-Ann Alsop, David Sutcliffe, Graeme Cairns | | Progressive Greens | Unsuccessful: Rob Fenwick, Gary Taylor, Alison Davis, Mark Bellingham, Laurence Boomert, Rodger Spiller, Gwenny Davis, Eithne Hanley, Peter Lee, Guy Salmon, David Green, Matthew Horrocks, Chris Marshall, Bob McKegg, Kevin Prime | | Mana Maori | Unsuccessful: Angeline Greensill, Tame Iti, Moana Sinclair, Hone Harawira, Mereana Pitman, David Gilgin, Jackie Amohanga, Ken Mair, Joyce Te Hemara Maipi, Oneroa Pihema, Te Anau Tuiono, Waiariki Grace, Jim Perry, Diane Prince, Kelly Pene, Raimona, Mere Grant, Jack John Smith | | Animals First | Unsuccessful: Rosemary Cumming, Susan Walker, Terri Walsh, Virginia Woolf, Adrienne Hall, Peter Crosse, Alistair McKellow | | Natural Law | Unsuccessful: Bryan Lee, David Lovell-Smith, John Hodgson, John Cleary, Mere Austin, Penelope Donovan, Gail Pianta, Mark Watts, Guy Hatchard, Tony Martin, Warwick Jones, Graeme Kettle, Judy Boock, Daniel Meares, Richard Moreham, lan Gaustad, Mimousse Hodgson, Bruce Brown, Mary-Anne McGregor, Graeme Lodge, Mike Barthelmeh, Kevin O'Brien, Inga Schader, Lynne Patterson, Kay Morgan, Tom Hopwood, Martyn Ouseley, Andrew Sanderson, Bruce Sowry, Sean O'Connor, Raymond Cain, Ian Levingston, Greg Dodds, Carolyn Drake, Raylene Lodge, Angela Wood, Grant Bilyard, Frank Gwynne, Michelle McGregor, Helen Treadwell, Mark Rayner, Selwyn Austin, Kevin Harvey, Ken Thomas, Mike Dunn, John Blatchford, Belinda Hills, Tim Irwin, Wayne Shepherd, Faye McLaren, Royal Van der Werf, Martin Davy, Jan Flynn, Gilbert Urquhart, Ian Smillie, Andrew Davy, Leigh Bush, Anne Brigid, Joanna Greig, Angela Slade, Jacque Hughes, Lew Cormack, Les McGrath, Rhonda Comins, Lynne Lee | | Ethnic Minority | Unsuccessful: Robert Hum, Vinod Kumar Sharma, Glen A van der Boon-Brayshaw, Pathic Vyas, Marcial R Eleazar, Tin Yau Chan, Seth M Dalgleish, Christine Wong, Navinbhai Parbhubhai Patel, Rajiv Sood, Lindsay Harris | | Green Society | Unsuccessful: Simon Reeves, Peter Whitmore, Merete Molving, Hans Grueber, Sam Cunningham, Vic Albion, Bryan Pippen, Colin Amery, Stephanie Urlich, Bradley Heising, Jacqueline Tong | | Conservatives | Unsuccessful: Trevor Rogers, Margaret McHugh, Eric Werder, Dennis Quirke, Bob Vine, David Gettins, Simone Graham, David Lean, Steve Howard, Hohn Bracey, John Tinsley, Bill Perry, Carmel Crowe, Bruce Herbert, Merv Jull, Craig Lewis, Tom Maunder, Jim Howard, Arthur French, Jerry Hohneck | | Superannuitants and Youth | Unsuccessful: John Cronin, Trevor Gilligan, Jack Powell, Leslie Stroud, Karen Kirk, Peter Little, Bernon Bryne, Kathleen Collinge, Douglas Milne, Donald Chapman, Cyril Murphy, Kenneth Crafar | | Advance New Zealand | Unsuccessful: England So'onalole, James Prescott, Taimalelagi Tofilau, Afamasaga Rasmussen, Eric Chuah, Hinemoa Herewini, Fauila Tatu Williams, Manu Prescott, Ben Taufua, Dawn Ngature | | Libertarianz | Unsuccessful: Lindsay Perigo, Deborah Coddington, Ian Fraser, Peter Cresswell, Peter Eichmann, Keith Patterson, John Calvert, Simon Fraser, Nikolas Haden, Jessica Weddell, Glen Jameson, Paul Rousell, William Trolove, Scott Barnett, Robert White, Andrew Ayling, Anna Woolf, Paul Hendry, Don Rowberry, Derek McGovern, Barbara Jury, Philip Petch, Theo Van Oostrom, Jackie Van Oostrom | | Asia Pacific United | Unsuccessful: Mano'o Mulitalo, Rama Ramanathan, Peti Satiu, Arbutus Mitikulena, Fu Bihua, Tuli Wong-Kee, Angela Tuu, Mailo Pesamino, Pulumulo Sasa | | Te Tawharau | Unsuccessful: William Coates, Koro Wikeepa, Hawea Vercoe, John Maihi, Steven Te Kani, Rangitukehu Paora | The Right Honourable Donald Charles McKinnon (born February 27, 1939) is a former Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of New Zealand. ...
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Summary of seat changes - Electoral redistributions:
- A major reconfiguration of electorates and their boundaries occurred between the 1993 and 1996 elections. This was due to a significant reduction in the number of electorates, prompted by the introduction of the MMP electoral system. Seventy-four seats were abolished and 40 were created, giving a net loss of 34 electorates.
- The seats of Avon, Awarua, Birkenhead, Christchurch North, Clutha, Dunedin West, East Coast Bays, Eastern Bay of Plenty, Eastern Hutt, Eden, Far North, Fendalton, Franklin, Gisborne, Glenfield, Hastings, Hauraki, Hawkes Bay, Henderson, Heretaunga, Hobson, Horowhenua, Howick, Island Bay, Kaimai, Kaipara, Kapiti, King Country, Lyttelton, Manawatu, Marlborough, Matakana, Matamata, Miramar, Mt Albert, Onehunga, Onslow, Otara, Pahiatua, Panmure, Papakura, Papatoetoe, Pencarrow, Porirua, Raglan, Rangiora, 'Remuera, Roskill, Selwyn, St Albans, St Kilda, Sydenham, Taranaki, Tarawera, Tasman, Te Atatu, Timaru, Titirangi, Tongariro, Waikaremoana, Waikato, Waipa, Waitaki, Waitotara, Wallace, Wanganui, Wellington-Karori, West Coast, Western Hutt, Yaldhurst, Eastern Maori, Northern Maori, Southern Maori and Western Maori ceased to exist.
- The seats of Aoraki, Banks Peninsula, Bay of Plenty, Christchurch East, Clutha-Southland, Coromandel, Dunedin South, Epsom, Hunua, Hutt South, Ilam, Kaikoura, Karapiro, Mahia, Mana, Manukau East, Maungakiekie, Northcote, Northland, Ohariu-Belmont, Otaki, Owairaka, Port Waikato, Rimutaka, Rodney, Rongotai, Taranaki-King Country, Taupo, Tukituki, Waimakariri, Waipareira, Wellington Central, West Coast-Tasman, Whanganui, Wigram, Te Puku O Te Ika, Te Tai Hauauru, Te Tai Rawhiti, Te Tai Tokerau and Te Tai Tonga came into being.
- Seats captured:
- By National: Hamilton East, Hamilton West and Nelson were captured from Labour. North Shore was captured from United.
- By Labour: Auckland Central was captured from the Alliance.
- Seats transferred from departing MPs to new MPs:
- The seats of Albany, Otago, Rotorua and Waitakere, all held by departing National MPs, were won by new National candidates. One departing MP retired, one was re-elected in a different electorate, and two became list MPs.
- The seats of Christchurch Central, Mangere and New Lynn, all held by departing Labour MPs, were won by new Labour candidates. One departing MP retired and two became list MPs.
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