Nicomachus (Gr. Νικομαχος) (c. 60-c. 120) was born in Gerasa, Roman Syria (now Jerash, Jordan). One of the most important mathematicians of the ancient world, he was strongly influenced by Aristotle and is best known for his works Introduction to Arithmetic (Arithmetike eisagoge) and The Manual of Harmonics in Greek. He was a Pythagorean. In Introduction to Arithmetic, Nicomachus writes extensively on number, especially on the significance of prime numbers and perfect numbers and argues that arithmetic is ontologically prior to the other mathematical sciences (geometry, music, and astronomy), and is their cause. Events Boudicca sacks London (approximate date). ... For other uses, see number 120. ... The oval forum and main street of Roman Jerash, with modern Jerash rising behind them Jerash (ancient Antioch-on-the-Chrysorhoas, also known as Gerasa) was a city of the Graceo-Roman Decapolis, its ruins now located in the Gilead region of northwest Jordan. ... This article or section may contain original research or unverified claims. ... The oval forum and main street of Roman Jerash, with modern Jerash rising behind them Map of the Decapolis showing location of Gerasa (Jerash) Jerash (ancient Antioch-on-the-Chrysorhoas, also known as Gerasa) was a city of the Graceo-Roman Decapolis, its ruins now located in the Gilead region... Introduction to Arithmetic was written by Nicomachus almost two thousand years ago, and contains both philosophical prose and very basic mathematical ideas. ... The Pythagoreans were an Hellenic organization of astronomers, musicians, mathematicians, and philosophers; who believed that all things are, essentially, numeric. ... Introduction to Arithmetic was written by Nicomachus almost two thousand years ago, and contains both philosophical prose and very basic mathematical ideas. ... A number is an abstract entity that represents a count or measurement. ... In mathematics, a prime number, or prime for short, is a natural number greater than one and whose only distinct positive divisors are 1 and itself. ... In mathematics, a perfect number is an integer which is the sum of its proper positive divisors, excluding itself. ... Arithmetic or arithmetics (from the Greek word αριθμός = number) is the oldest and simplest branch of mathematics, used by almost everyone, for tasks ranging from simple daily counting to advanced science and business calculations. ... Table of Geometry, from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ... Music is a form of art and entertainment or other human activity that involves organized and audible sounds and silence. ... A giant Hubble mosaic of the Crab Nebula, a supernova remnant. ...

"Nicomachus" was also the name of both Aristotle's father and his son. Historians think the Nicomachean Ethics, a compilation of Aristotle's lecture notes, was probably named after or dedicated to Aristotle's so Aristotle (Greek: Aristotélēs) (384 BCE – March 7, 322 BCE) was an ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. ... Nicomachean Ethics (sometimes spelled Nichomachean), or Ta Ethika, is a work by Aristotle on virtue and character which plays a prominent role in defining Aristotelian ethics. ...

External links

• O'Connor, John J., and Edmund F. Robertson. "Nicomachus". MacTutor History of Mathematics archive.