NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Nikola Zrinski

Nikola Zrinski or Miklós Zrínyi (Croatian: Nikola Zrinski, Hungarian: Zrínyi Miklós; January 5, 1620–November 18, 1664) was a Croatian and Hungarian warrior, statesman and poet, member of the Zrinski noble family. Image File history File linksMetadata Nicholas_Zrinski. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Nicholas_Zrinski. ... January 5 is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events September 6 - English emigrants on the Mayflower depart from Plymouth, England for the future New England and arrive at the end of the year. ... November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Events March 12 - New Jersey becomes a colony of England. ... The Zrinski family, known also as ZrÃnyi in Hungarian, was a Croatian noble family, influential in the Croato-Hungarian Kingdom during the period in history marked by the Ottoman wars in Europe. ...

Life

Nicholas was born in Čakovec (Csáktornya in Hungarian) to Juraj Zrinski and Magdolna Széchy. At the court of Péter Pázmány the youth conceived a burning enthusiasm for the Hungarian language and literature, although he always placed arms before arts. From 1635 to 1637 he accompanied Szenkviczy, one of the canons of Esztergom, on a long educative tour through Italy. ÄŒakovec [] is a city located in northern part of Croatia and the second northernmost city of the country. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Peter Pazmany. ... Hungarian (magyar nyelv ) is a Finno-Ugric language, and more specifically a Ugric language, unrelated to the other languages of Central Europe. ... Events February 10 - The AcadÃ©mie franÃ§aise in Paris is expanded to become a national academy for the artistic elite. ... Events February 3 - Tulipmania collapses in Netherlands by government order February 15 - Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor December 17 - Shimabara Rebellion erupts in Japan Pierre de Fermat makes a marginal claim to have proof of what would become known as Fermats last theorem. ... Basilica in Esztergom. ...

During the next few years he learnt the art of war in defending the Croatian-Hungarian frontier against the Turks, and proved himself one of the first captains of the age. In 1645 he acted against the Swedes in Moravia, equipping an army corps at his own expense. At Szkalec he scattered a Swedish division and took 2,000 prisoners. At Eger he saved the emperor, who had been surprised at night in his camp by Wrangel. Subsequently he routed the army of George I Rákóczi, prince of Transylvania, on the Upper Tisza. For his services the emperor appointed him captain of Croatia. On his return from the war he married the wealthy Eusebia Drašković. // Events January 10 - Archbishop Laud executed on Tower Hill, London. ... Flag of Moravia Moravia (Czech and Slovak: Morava; German: ; Hungarian: ; Polish: ) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic. ... (Eger is also German name for the city Cheb in the Czech Republic. ... Map of Romania with Transylvania in yellow Transylvania (Romanian: or Transilvania; Hungarian: ; German: ; Serbian: or Erdelj / Ð•Ñ€Ð´ÐµÑ™) is a historical region in the center of Romania. ... The Tisza or Tisa is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. ...

In 1646 he distinguished himself in the Turkish war. At the coronation of Ferdinand IV of Austria, King of the Germans, of Hungary and of Bohemia, he carried the sword of state, and was made ban and captain-general of Croatia. In this double capacity he presided over many Croatian diets, always strenuously defending the political rights of the Croats and steadfastly maintaining that as regarded Hungary they were to be looked upon not as partes annexae but as a regnum. // Events The Westminster Confession of Faith Ongoing events Wars of the Three Kingdoms, including the English Civil War (1642-1649) Births February 4 - Hans Erasmus AÃŸmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (d. ... Ferdinand IV (September 8, 1633 - July 9, 1654) was King of the Romans, of Hungary, and of Bohemia. ... A sword of state is a sword, used as part of the regalia, symbolizing the power of a monarch (or his constitutional government)to use the might of the state (even war, as its commander in chief, and the death penalty) against its enemies, and his duty to preserve thus... Ban is a title of either Avar or Illyrian origin, the title was used in some states in central and south-eastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century. ... Croats (Croatian: Hrvati) are a South Slavic people mostly living in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and nearby countries. ...

During 1652—53 he was continually fighting against the Turks, yet from his castle at Čakovec he was in constant communication with the learned world; the Dutch scholar, Jacobus Tollius, even visited him, and has left in his Epistolae itinerariae a lively account of his experiences. Tollius was amazed at the linguistic resources of Zrínyi, who spoke Italian, German, Croatian, Hungarian, Turkish and Latin with equal facility. Zrinski's Latin letters (from which we learn that he was married a second time, to Sophia Löbl) are fluent and agreeable, but largely interspersed with Croatian and Hungarian expressions. ÄŒakovec [] is a city located in northern part of Croatia and the second northernmost city of the country. ... Latin is an ancient Indo-European language originally spoken in Latium, the region immediately surrounding Rome. ...

The last year of his life was also its most glorious one. He set out to destroy the strongly fortified Turkish bridge which had linked Darda to Osijek across the Sava and the marshes of Baranja since 1566, and thus cut off the retreat of the Turkish army, re-capturing all the strong fortresses on his way. He destroyed the bridge on February 1, 1664, but the further pursuance of the campaign was frustrated by the refusal of the imperial generals to co-operate. Still the expedition had covered him with glory. All Europe rang with his praises. It was said that only the Zrinskis had the secret of conquering the Turks. The emperor offered him the title of prince. The pope struck a commemorative medal with the effigy of Zrinski as a fieldmarshal. The Spanish king sent him the Golden Fleece. The French king created him a peer of France. Darda on the map of Croatia Darda is a village just north of Osijek, Croatia, across the Drava river in Baranja. ... Osijek (pronounced: []) is the fourth largest city in Croatia with a population of 114,616 in 2001. ... Sava also Save (German Save, Hungarian Száva) is a river in Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, a right side tributary of Danube at Belgrade. ... Baranya (Hungarian, in Croatian and Serbian: Baranja) is the name of an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in present Hungary, and also in the former Kingdom of Hungary. ... World map showing Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is one of the seven continents of the Earth. ... The status of Peer of France was held by the greatest and highest-ranking of the French nobility. ...

The Turks, to wipe out the disgrace of the Osijek affair, now laid siege to Novi Zrin (Újzrínyivár), a fortress which Zrinski had built, and the imperial troops under Montecuccolli looked on while he hastened to relieve it, refusing all assistance, with the result that the fortress fell. It was also by the advice of Montecuccolli that the disgraceful peace of Vasvár was concluded. Zrinski hastened to Vienna to protest against it, but in vain. Zrinski quit Vienna in disgust, after assuring the Venetian minister, Sagridino, that he was willing at any moment to assist the Republic against the Turks with 6,000 men. He then returned to Čakovec, and there, on the November 18, was killed in a hunting accident, by a wounded wild boar. Fortress of family Zrinski (Zrinyi) on Mura river, 1661-1664). ... Count Raimondo MontecÃºccoli Raimondo, Count of MontecÃºccoli or Montecucculi (de: Raimondo Graf MontecÃºccoli), (born February 21, 1608 or 1609 at the castle of Montecucculo in Modena; died October 16, 1680 at Linz) was an Austrian general who was also prince of the Holy Roman Empire and Neapolitan... The Peace of VasvÃ¡r was a treaty between the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire which followed the Battle of Saint Gotthard of August 1, 1664. ... Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia) is the capital of the region of Veneto and the province of the same name in Italy. ... November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Works

Zrinski's most significant literary work, The Peril of Sziget (Szigeti veszedelem) an epic poem written in the the Göcsej dialect of Hungarian, and often called in Hungarian the Zrínyiász) was written in the winter of 1648-9, and was published (together with a few miscellaneous pieces of poetry) under the title of Adriai tengernek Syrenája (The Syren of the Adriatic Sea) in Vienna in 1651. It was composed in the manner of the classic epic poets, such as Virgil and their sixteenth-century successor Tasso. The subject is the heroic but unsuccessful defence of Szigetvár by the author's great-grandfather, Nikola Šubić Zrinski (also called Zrínyi Miklós in Hungarian). Because of Zrinski's indiscriminate use of foreign words and seemingly careless metres, the work was much criticized. However, the fundamental idea — the duty of Hungarian/Croatian valour to shake off the Turkish yoke, with the help of God — is sublime, and the whole work is intense with martial and religious enthusiasm. It is no unworthy companion of the other epics of the Renaissance period, and had many imitators. János Arany first, in 1848, began to recast the Zrinyiad, as he called it, on modern lines, and the work was completed by Antal Vékony in 1892. MiklÃ³s Zrinyi, the author. ... GÃ¶csej is a geographic and ethnic region within Zala County, Hungary, containing these settlements (incomplete, please edit): An old house from GÃ¶csej BabosdÃ¶brÃ©te Bak BaktÃ¼ttÃ¶s Barlahida BecsvÃ¶lgye BocfÃ¶lde BÃ¶de CsonkahegyhÃ¡t Dobronhegy GellÃ©nhÃ¡za Gombosszeg HottÃ³ Iborfia KustÃ¡nszeg Lick... // Events January 1 - Charles II crowned King of Scotland in Scone. ... A sculpture of Virgil, probably from the 1st century AD. For other uses, see Virgil (disambiguation). ... Torquato Tasso (March 11, 1544 - April 25, 1595) was an Italian poet of the 16th century, best known for his poem La Gerusalemme liberata (Jerusalem Delivered; 1575), in which he describes the imaginary combats between Christians and Muslims at the end of the First Crusade, during the siege of Jerusalem. ... Nikola Å ubiÄ‡ Zrinski Portrait by Oton IvekoviÄ‡ Zrinyi MiklÃ³s statue at KodÃ¡ly kÃ¶rÃ¶nd, Budapest Nikola Å ubiÄ‡ Zrinski or MiklÃ³s ZrÃnyi, (1508-1566), Croatian and Hungarian hero, member of the Zrinski noble family. ... Raphael was famous for depicting illustrious figures of the Classical past with the features of his Renaissance contemporaries. ... The poet Arany. ... 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica, the 11th edition The EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica Eleventh Edition (1910â€“1911) is perhaps the most famous edition of the EncyclopÃ¦dia Britannica. ... The public domain comprises the body of all creative works and other knowledge—writing, artwork, music, science, inventions, and others—in which no person or organization has any proprietary interest. ...

Categories: Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica | 1620 births | 1664 deaths | Hungarian writers | Bans of Croatia | Croatian soldiers | Zrinski | Hungarian poets | Hungarian soldiers Ignác Acsády (1845–1904) Tamás Aczél (1921–1994) Endre Ady (1877–1919) Anonymus (2nd half of the XIII century) Zoltán Ambrus (1861–1932) Lajos Áprily (1897–1973) János Arany (1817–1882) László Arany (1844–1898) Mih... Introduction The Old Hungarian Lamentations of Mary (OHLM) is the oldest extant Hungarian poem, copied in about 1300 into a Latin codex, similarly the first coherent written Hungarian text, which was written down between 1192 and 1195. ... There are two works with the name Gesta Hungarorum. ... The Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum (Deeds of the Huns and Hungarians) or just Gesta Hungarorum (II) (Deeds of the Hungarians) written mainly by Simon of KÃ©za is one of the sources of early Hungarian history. ... A miniature from the Chronicon Pictum. ... 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Works

Life