Nikolai Petrovich Kamanin, born 1908 in Milenski, Vladimir, Russia. Died 1982. Kamanin was head of training at the cosmonaut base on Star City (in Russia). Among his recruits were Yuri Gagarin, Gherman Titov and Alexei Leonov. 1908 (MCMVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Population 315,954 (2002) Time zone Moscow (MSK/MSD), UTC +0300 (MSK)/+0400 (MSD) Latitude/Longitude 56°09´N 40°25´E Vladimir (Russian: ) is a city in Russia, an administrative center of Vladimir Oblast. ... 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... U.S. Space Shuttle astronaut Bruce McCandless II using a manned maneuvering unit. ... Star City can be: Star City Casino in Sydney, Australia Star City, Moscow, an astronautics establishment Star City, Arkansas, the county seat of Lincoln County, Arkansas The nickname of Lincoln, Nebraska Star City, a fictional city featured in Green Arrow comic books. ... Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin (Russian: Юрий ÐлекÑеевич Гагарин; March 9, 1934 – March 27, 1968), was a Soviet cosmonaut who in 1961 became the first human to travel into space, as well as orbit the Earth. ... Gherman Titov Gherman Stepanovich Titov (Russian: Герман Степанович Титов; September 11, 1935, Verkhnee Zhilino – September 20, 2000, Moscow) was a Soviet cosmonaut and the second person to orbit the Earth. ... Aleksei Leonov Aleksei Arkhipovich Leonov (Cyrillic: Алексе́й Архи́пович Лео́нов; born May 30, 1934 in Listvyanka) is a retired cosmonaut who, on March 18, 1965 became the first person to walk in space. ...
Kamanin was born in a workers family in Melenki, Vladimir oblast in 1908 (in official documents, 1909, due to a school registrar's mistake).
Kamanin believes this points to the absolute necessity of the crew being in control at all times during a manned lunar flight, as opposed to Korolev's insistent reliance on fully automatic systems.
Kamanin had argued with Korolev over the last year that this flight was unnecessary, but Korolev did not want to expose the cosmonauts to the risk of a long-duration spaceflight with a heavily modified spacecraft without an unmanned precursor flight.
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