Portrait by George Dawe in the Military Gallery

For other uses, see Nikolay Raevsky (disambiguation).

Nikolay Nikolaevich Rayevsky (Russian: Николай Николаевич Раевский) (14 September 1771 – 16 September 1829) was a Russian general and statesman who achieved fame for his feats of arms during the Napoleonic wars. His family left a lasting legacy in Russian society and culture. Image File history File links Nikolay_Raevsky. ... Image File history File links Nikolay_Raevsky. ... George Dawe at work George Dawe (February 8, 1781, London — October 15, 1829, Kentish Town) was an English portraitist who painted 329 portraits of Russian generals active during Napoleons invasion of Russia for the Military Gallery of the Winter Palace. ... Military Gallery Military Gallery (Russian: ) is a gallery of the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russia. ... Nikolay Raevsky (Russian: ) may refer to: Nikolay Semyonovich Raevsky (died 1771), a colonel of Russian Army. ... September 14 is the 257th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (258th in leap years). ... 1771 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... September 16 is the 259th day of the year (260th in leap years). ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Allies: • Great Britain/United Kingdom, • Prussia, • Austria, • Sweden, • Russia, • and Others • France • Denmark-Norway • Poland Casualties Full list The Napoleonic Wars consisted of a series of wars fought during Napoleon Bonapartes rule over France. ...

Early life

Nikolay Raevsky came from an old noble family of remote Polish ancestry (Łabędź Coat of Arms). His grandfather, Semyon Raevsky, was the Prosecutor of the Holy Synod. The family rose to prominence when Nikolay's father, colonel Nikolay Semyonovich, married Ekaterina Samoilova, a niece of Prince Potemkin. Nikolay Semyonovich did not live to see his son, as he died during the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774 in Iaşi several months before his son's birth. ŁabÄ™dź - is a Polish Coat of Arms. ... In several of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, the patriarch or head bishop is elected by a group of bishops called the Holy Synod. ... Colonel is a military rank of a commissioned officer, with the corresponding ranks existing in nearly every country in the world. ... His Serene Highness Prince Potemkin of Tauride Knyaz Grigori Alexandrovich Potyomkin (Potemkin) (Russian: Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин) (September 13, 1739 (NS: September 24) – October 5, 1791 (NS: October 16)) was a Russian general-field marshal, statesman, and favorite of Catherine II the Great. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... County IaÅŸi County Status Municipality Mayor Gheorghe Nichita, since 2003 Area 93. ...

Nikolay was brought up by his uncle, Count Alexander Samoylov, who had him enrolled in the Leib-Guard Semyonovsky Regiment at a very early age. On 30 April 1777 he was promoted to sergeant and on 1 January 1786 to ensign. On 23 February 1789 he was moved to Nizhegorodsky dragoon regiment in the rank of premier-major. With this regiment he took part in the Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792 and distinguished himself at Bendery and Akkerman. In recognition of his valor, Raevsky was promoted on 1 September 1790 to lieutenant colonel and became the chief of a Cossack regiment. Portrait of Count Alexander Samoylov Count Alexander Nikolayevich Samoylov (Russian: ) (1744 – 1 November 1814) was a Russian general and statesman. ... Guards (Russian: гвардия) or Guards units (Russian: гвардейские части) were and are elite military units in Imperial Russia, Soviet Union and Russian Federation. ... April 30 is the 120th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (121st in leap years), with 245 days remaining. ... 1777 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organisations around the world. ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1786 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Insignia of a United States Navy Ensign In the military of various countries, ensign is a junior rank of commissioned officer. ... February 23 is the 54th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Nizhny Novgorod (Russian: ), colloquially shortened as Nizhny and also transliterated into English as Nizhniy Novgorod or Nizhni Novgorod, is the fourth largest city of Russia, ranking after Moscow, St. ... A light dragoon from the American Revolution French dragoon, 1745. ... The Russo-Turkish War of 1787-1792 was a futile attempt by the Ottoman Empire to regain lands lost to Russia in the course of the Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774. ... Tighina, or Tigina, is a city in Moldova. ... Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (Ukrainian: ; Romanian: Cetatea Albă; Turkish: Akkerman; Russian: , Belgorod-Dnestrovsky; Hungarian: Nyeszterfehérvár; Italian: Moncastro) is a city in southern Ukraine. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years). ... 1790 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... In the U.S. Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a commissioned officer superior to a major and inferior to a colonel. ... Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of Turkey. ...

After the peace treaty was concluded, he took part in the Polish-Russian War of 1792 with Nizhegorodsky dragoon regiment. For this campaign he received on 28 June 1792 the Order of St. George of 4th degree and the gold sword with an inscription for bravery. War in Defense of the Constitution or Polish-Russian War of 1792 took place in 1792 between Polish-Luthuanian Commonwealth on one side, and the Russian Empire on the other. ... June 28 is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 186 days remaining. ... 1792 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Order of St. ...

When the war with Persia erupted in 1796, Raevsky under command of Count Valerian Zubov took part in the taking of Derbent and in other engagements. The Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great, alongside the Persian Expedition of Peter the Great, was one of the Russo-Persian Wars of the 18th century which did not entail any lasting consequences for either belligerent. ... Coat of arms of the Zubov family For other uses, see Zubov (disambiguation). ... Derbent is built around a Sassanid fortress, the only one preserved in the world. ...

Upon his ascension to the throne, Emperor Paul recalled the army back to Russia and had Raevsky dismissed from the military on account of his relationship to Potemkin, whom Paul detested. It was after Alexander I's assumption of the throne that Raevsky rejoined the army with the rank of Major General. On December 19, 1801 he retired for family reasons. Paul I of Russia by Vladimir Borovikovsky Paul I of Russia (Russian: ; Pavel Petrovich) (October 1, 1754–March 23, 1801) was an Emperor of Russia (1796–1801). ... Aleksander I Pavlovich Romanov (Russian: Александр I Павлович) (December 23, 1777–December 1, 1825), was Emperor of Russia from March 23, 1801–December 1, 1825 and King of Poland from 1815–1825, as well as the first Grand Duke of Finland. ... Insignia of a United States Air Force Major General German Generalmajor Insignia Major General is a military rank used in many countries. ... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ...

Napoleonic Wars

General Raevsky in battle.

After Russia's failures at the outbreak of the Napoleonic wars, Raevsky returned into the field on 25 April 1807. He served with Prince Peter Bagration in the vanguard of the Russian army. In the campaign of 1806-1807 he distinguished himself in the numerous battles and was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir of 3rd degree. Raevsky, who had sustained a wound in the Battle of Heilsberg, commanded chasseurs of the advance-guard in the Battle of Friedland. Image File history File links Raevsky_exploit. ... Image File history File links Raevsky_exploit. ... Combatants Allies: • Great Britain/United Kingdom, • Prussia, • Austria, • Sweden, • Russia, • and Others • France • Denmark-Norway • Poland Casualties Full list The Napoleonic Wars consisted of a series of wars fought during Napoleon Bonapartes rule over France. ... April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). ... 1807 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Petr Ivanovich Bagration Prince Petr Ivanovich Bagration (Пётр Иванович Багратион) (1765 - September 12, 1812), a descendant of the Georgian Royal family of the Bagratids, served as a Russian general. ... The Order of Saint Vladimir was an Imperial Russian Order established in 1782 in memory of the deeds of Saint Vladimir, the Kniaz (Prince) and the Baptizer of the Kievan Rus. ... The Battle of Heilsberg took place in 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars. ... The Battle of Friedland was fought on June 14, 1807 and resulted in a French victory under Napoleon Bonaparte against the Russians under General Bennigsen. ...

After the Treaty of Tilsit was concluded, Raevsky proceeded to take part in the Finnish War and was present at every major engagement. For this campaign Raevsky received the Order of St. Vladimir of 2nd degree and obtained the rank of lieutenant-general. The war over, he followed Count Nikolay Kamensky to the Moldavian army, which took part in the Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812. His bold leadership made itself felt in the taking of Silistra. The Treaties of Tilsit were two agreements signed by Napoleon I of France in the town of Tilsit in July, 1807. ... The Finnish War was fought between Sweden and Russia from February 1808 to September 1809. ... Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... Count Nicholas Kamensky Count Nikolay Mikhailovich Kamensky (27 December 1776 — 4 May 1811) was a Russian general who outlived his father, Field Marshal Mikhail Kamensky, by two years. ... Moldavia (Moldova in Romanian) was a Romanian principality, originally created in the Middle Ages, now divided between Romania, Moldovan Republic and Ukraine. ... The Russo-Turkish War, 1806-1812 was one of many wars fought between Imperial Russia and Ottoman Empire. ... Silistra (Bulgarian: Силистра, historically Дръстър (Drâstâr); Romanian: Silistra or Dârstor; Latin: Silistria; Turkish: Silistre) is a port city of northeastern Bulgaria, lying on the southern side of the lower Danube at the countrys border with Romania. ...

During Napoleon's Invasion of Russia Raevsky led the 7th Infantry Corps, a part of the 2nd Army led by Prince Peter Bagration. In the advance-guard he was responsible for delaying Davout's advance towards Moscow. After the Battle of Saltanovka he retreated to Smolensk where he took part in the heavy fighting for the city. During the Battle of Borodino he protected the right wing of the Russian Army, better known as the Raevsky Redoubt, winning the Order of St. George of 3rd degree. Later he pursued La Grande Armée and took part in the Battle of Maloyaroslavets and Battle of Krasnoye, in which he helped defeat Marshal Ney. The March on Moscow The invasion commenced on June 23, 1812. ... Davout, Marshal of France Louis Nicolas dAvout (May 10, 1770 – June 1, 1823), better known as Davout, duc dAuerstädt, prince dEckmühl, and a marshal of France. ... A view of Smolensk in 1912 Smolensk (Russian: ) is a city in western Russia, located on the Dnieper River at 54. ... The First Battle of Smolensk took place on August 17, 1812, between 175,000 French under Napoleon Bonaparte and 130,000 Russians under Prince Bagration, of whom about 50,000 and 60,000 respectively were actually engaged. ... Combatants First French Empire Russian Empire Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov Strength 134,000 155,000 Casualties 30,000 45,000 {{{notes}}} The Battle of Borodino (Russian: Бородино) (September 7, 1812, or August 26 in the Julian calendar then used in Russia), also called the Battle of the Moskva, was... La Grande Armée (French the Big, Great or Grand Army) is the French military term for the main force in a military campaign. ... The Battle of Maloyaroslavets took place on October 24, 1812, between the Russians, under Marshal Kutuzov, and part of the corps of Eugène de Beauharnais, Napoleons son_in_law, under General Delzons with numbered about 20,000 strong. ... Combatants First French Empire Russian Empire Commanders Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov Strength 42,000 regulars, 39,000 stragglers 60,000 to 80,000 Casualties 6,000 - 13,000 killed, 20,000 to 26,000 taken prisoner 5,000 The Battle of Krasnoi was a series of skirmishes fought... Michel Ney, Marshal of France. ...

Rayevsky commanded the Grenadier Corps and protected the retreat of main forces during the Battle of Bautzen. After Austria and Prussia joined the Allies, Raevsky's corps joined the Bohemian Army commanded by Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg. He received the Order of St. Vladimir of 1st degree for the Battle of Kulm. Near Wachau he was seriously injured. For his feats of arms he was promoted Full General (October 8, 1813) and received the Austrian Military Order of Maria Theresa of 3rd degree. When the Russian army entered Saxony, Raevsky was constrained to return to Russia on account of his poor health. The Battle of Bautzen was fought on May 21, 1813, and resulted in a French victory under Napoléon Bonaparte against the Kingdom of Prussians and Russians. ... Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia, 1701-1918 Prussia (German: ; Latin: Borussia, Prutenia; Lithuanian: ; Polish: ; Old Prussian: PrÅ«sa) was, most recently, a historic state originating in East Prussia, an area which for centuries had substantial influence on German and European history. ... Schwarzenberg Monument at Schwarzenbergplatz, Vienna Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg (or Prince Charles Philip of Schwarzenberg (April 18, 1771 – October 15, 1820), Austrian Feldmarshall, was born at Vienna. ... Combatants First French Empire Sixth Coalition Russia Prussia Austria Commanders General Dominique Vandamme Marshal Saint-Cyr Marshal Auguste Marmont Field Marshal Barclay de Tolly Prince Peter Wittgenstein Count Alexander Tolstoy General Kleist Strength 32,000 54,000 Casualties 5,000 killed or wounded, 7,000-13,000 captured around 11... October 8 is the 281st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (282nd in leap years). ... 1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Military Order of Maria Theresa The Military Order of Maria Theresa (Militär-Maria-Theresien-Orden in German) was founded on June 18, 1757, the day of the Battle of Kolin, by the Empress Maria Theresa to reward especially meritorious and valorous acts by commissioned officer. ... The Free State of Saxony (German: Freistaat Sachsen; Sorbian: Swobodny Stata Sakska) is at a land area of 18,413 km² and a population of 4. ...

Having recovered from his illness, Raevsky rejoined the army at the Rhine, taking the command from Peter Wittgenstein and leading this army during the taking of Paris. Loreley At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (Dutch Rijn, French Rhin, German Rhein, Italian: Reno, Romansch: Rein, ) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... Prince Peter Khristianovich Wittgenstein (1769-1843) was a Russian Field Marshal distinguished for his services in the Napoleonic wars. ... The Battle of Paris was fought during the Napoleonic Wars in 1814. ...

Family

In 1794 Raevsky married Sofia Konstantinova, а granddaughter and heiress of the scientist Mikhail Lomonosov. They had two sons and four daughters. One of them, Ekaterina, was married in 1821 to Mikhail Fyodorovich Orlov, of Decembrist fame, and the other, Maria, married another prominent Decembrist, Prince Sergey Volkonsky, in 1825. Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (Михаи́л Васи́льевич Ломоно́сов) (November 19 (November 8, Old Style), 1711 – April 15 (April 4, Old Style), 1765) was a Russian writer and polymath who made important contributions to literature, education, and science. ... Count Grigory Orlov Orlov (Орлов) is the name of a Russian noble family which produced several distinguished statesmen, diplomatists and soldiers. ... This article is about the failed Russian revolt. ...

During his declining years, Rayevsky settled in Kiev. In May 1821, during a visit to the Caucasus, he contracted a friendship with young Alexander Pushkin. They proceeded together to the Crimea during one of the happiest and most productive voyages in Pushkin's career. Pushkin was on friendly terms with both of Rayevsky's sons, sons-in-laws and his stepbrother Vasily Davydov - all involved in the Decembrist Uprising of 1825. Location Map of Ukraine with Kiev highlighted. ... The Entholinguistic patchwork of the modern Caucasus - CIA map The Caucasus, a region bordering Asia Minor, is located between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea which includes the Caucasus Mountains and surrounding lowlands. ... Aleksandr Pushkin was a Russian poet and a founder of modern Russian literature Aleksandr Sergeyevich Pushkin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Серге́евич Пу́шкин) (June 6 (May 26, O.S.), 1799 - February 10 (January 29, O.S.), 1837), Russian author, whom many consider the greatest Russian poet and the founder of modern Russian literature. ... Motto: Процветание в единстве - Prosperity in unity Anthem: Нивы и горы твои волшебны, Родина - Your fields and mounts are wonderful, Motherland Capital Simferopol Largest cities Simferopol, Eupatoria, Kerch, Theodosia, Yalta Official language Ukrainian. ... This article is about the failed Russian revolt. ...

A weeks after the uprising, old Raevsky was appointed a member of the State Council. Three years later, he died in his estate Boltyshki in the governorate of Kiev. His daughter, Maria Raevskaya, whose youthful frolics are presumed to have inspired Pushkin to write some of the most famous lines in the Russian language ("Eugene Onegin", I-XXXIII), accompanied her husband to Siberia; her courage was romanticised by Nekrasov in the long poem "Russian Women". The State Council (Государственный Совет) was the supreme state advisory body to Tsar in Imperial Russia. ... Eugene Onegin (Russian: Евгений Онегин, BGN/PCGN: Yevgeniy Onegin) is a novel in verse written by Aleksandr Pushkin. ... Siberian Federal District (dark red) and the broadest definition of Siberia (red) Siberia (Russian: , Sibir’; Tatar: Seber) is a vast region of Russia and northern Kazakhstan constituting almost all of Northern Asia. ... Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov (November 28, 1821 - January 8, 1878 {O.S.: December 28, 1877}) was a Russian poet, best remembered as the long standing publisher of Современник (The Contemporary) (from 1846 until July 1866, when the journal was shut down by the government in connection with the arrest of its...

External links

• This article includes content derived from the Russian Biographical Dictionary, 1896 - 1918.
• (Russian) Article in the Dictionary of Russian Generals

Raevsky Battery at Borodino, a fragment of Roubaud's panoramic painting.