Origin of Name	宁 níng - Serene 波 bō - Waves Together - Serene Waves
Abbreviation	甬 yǒng
Administration Type	Sub-provincial city
Area	9,365 km²
Coastline	1,562 km
Population Total Urban Area	5,527,000 (2004) 1,219,900
GDP - Total (2006) - Per Capita (2006)	¥286.4 billion ¥ 51,285
Major Nationalities	Han, Tujia, Miao, Zhuang
County-level divisions	11
Township-level divisions	148
Mayor	Mao Guanglie (毛光烈)
CPC Ningbo Committee Secretary	Bayin Chaolu (巴音朝鲁)
City flower	Camelia
City tree	Camphor Laurel Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Sieb.
Area Code	574
License Plate Prefix	浙B
Official website: City of Ningbo

Ningbo (simplified Chinese: 宁波; traditional Chinese: 寧波; pinyin: Níngbō; Wade-Giles: Ning-po; literally "Tranquil Waves") is a seaport sub-provincial city with a population of 1,219,900 in northeastern Zhejiang province, People's Republic of China. Lying south of the Hangzhou Bay, and facing the East China Sea to the east, Ningbo borders Shaoxing to the west and Taizhou to the south, and is separated from Zhoushan by a narrow body of water. Image File history File links ChinaZhejiangNingbo. ... A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... “km” redirects here. ... CNY and RMB redirect here. ... Ethnolinguistic map of China The Peoples Republic of China (PRC) is a multi-ethnic unitary state and, as such, officially recognizes 56 nationalities or mínzú (民族), within China: the Han being the majority (>92%), and the remaining 55 nationalities being the national minorities. ... Languages Chinese languages Religions Predominantly Taoism, Mahayana Buddhism, traditional Chinese religions, and atheism. ... The Tujia (土家族) are an ethnic group numbering about 8 million, living in the Wuling Mountains of Chinas Hunan and Hubei provinces. ... Languages Hmong/Mong Religions Shamanism, Buddhism, Christianity, others The terms Hmong (IPA:) and Mong () both refer to an Asian ethnic group whose homeland was originally in the mountainous regions of southern China. ... The Zhuang (Simplified Chinese: 壮族; Traditional Chinese: 壯族; Hanyu Pinyin: ; own name: BouчcueÅ‹ÑŒ/Bouxcuengh) are an ethnic group of people who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... Due to Chinas large population and area, the political divisions of China have consisted of several levels since ancient times. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... Mao Guanglie (毛光烈; born February 1955) is the mayor of Ningbo, Zhejiang, Peoples Republic of China and is directly responsible for the Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Finance and Ningbo Municipal Auditing Bureau. ... The Communist Party of China (CPC) (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), also known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China, a position guaranteed by the countrys constitution. ... Camellia Categories: Stub | Flowers ... Binomial name Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Sieb. ... The Chinese Telephone Code Plan is the way to group telephone numbers in mainland China. ... Blue PRC licence plates of the 1992 standard (August 2004 image). ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Port. ... A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... Zhejiang (also spelled Chehkiang or Chekiang) is an eastern coastal province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... A province, in the context of China, is a translation of sheng (省 shÄ›ng), which is an administrative division of China. ... The Hangzhou Bay is an inlet of the East China Sea, bordered by the province of Zhejiang and the municipality of Shanghai. ... The East China Sea is a marginal sea and part of the Pacific Ocean. ... Shaoxing (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shao-hsing) is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Zhejiang province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Taizhou (Simplified Chinese: 台州; pinyin: Tāizhōu) is a prefecture-level city in the east of Zhejiang province, China. ... Zhoushan (Simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), formerly transliterated as Chusan, is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Zhejiang province, Peoples Republic of China. ...

Administration

The sub-provincial city of Ningbo administers 6 districts, 3 county-level cities and 2 counties. A distinction must be made between "Ningbo City" and metropolitan Ningbo. Ningbo City [Ning Bo Shi] is a geographic area with a population of 6 million. Metropolitan Ningbo consists of the districts of Haishu, Jiangdong, and Jiangbei. Metropolitan Ningbo has a population of 820,000. A sub-provincial city (副省级城市), or deputy-provincial city, in the Peoples Republic of China, is a prefecture-level city that is ruled by a province, but is administered independently in regard to economy and law. ... District, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China. ... A county-level city (县级市 Pinyin: xiànjí shì) is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. ... In the context of Political divisions of China, county is the standard English translation of 县 (xiàn). ...

• Haishu District (海曙区)
• Jiangdong District (江东区)
• Jiangbei District (江北区)
• Yinzhou District (鄞州区)
• Beilun District (北仑区)
• Zhenhai District (镇海区)
• Yuyao City (余姚市)
• Cixi City (慈溪市)
• Fenghua City (奉化市)
• Xiangshan County (象山县)
• Ninghai County (宁海县)

Jiangbei District a district of Chongqing municipality which is currently undergoing much development. ... Yinzhou (鄞州, pinyin: Yínzhōu) is a district of Ningbo in Zhejiang province, China. ... Beilun is an international port in Zhejiang province, China, off the easternmost edge of the southern coast of Hangzhou Bay. ... Yuyao (simplified Chinese: 余姚; pinyin: Yúyáo) is a city in Zhejiang province, China, capital of Yuyao district, Ningbo. ... A town of Ningbo, Zhejiang province, P.R.China Categories: | ... Xiangshan County is a county of China located in Zhejiang province. ...

History

Ningbo was one of China's oldest cities with a history dating back to 4800 B.C. the Hemudu culture. Ningbo was known as a major trading port along with Yangzhou and Guangzhou in the Tang dynasty; thereafter, the major ports for foreign trade in the Song dynasty. Ningbo was one of the five Chinese treaty ports opened by the Treaty of Nanjing (signed in 1842) at the end of the First Opium War between Britain and China. During the war, British forces took possession of the walled city of Ningbo briefly after storming the fortified town of Zhenhai at the mouth of the Yong River on October 10, 1841. In 1864 the forces of the Taiping Rebellion held the town for six months. The Hemudu culture (河姆渡文化) was a Neolithic culture that fluorished just south of the Hangzhou Bay in Jiangnan in modern Yuyao, Zhejiang, China. ... Signing of the Treaty of Nanjing The Treaty of Nanking (Chinese: 南京條約, Nánjīng Tiáoyuē) is the treaty which marked the end of the First Opium War between the United Kingdom and Empire of China. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Combatants Qing China British East India Company Commanders Daoguang Emperor Charles Elliot, Anthony Blaxland Stransham The First Opium War or the First Anglo-Chinese War was fought between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire in China from 1839 to 1842 with the aim of forcing China to import British... is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Combatants Qing Empire United Kingdom France (United Kingdom and France join the war later) Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Commanders Xianfeng Emperor Tongzhi Emperor Empress Dowager Cixi Charles George Gordon Frederick Townsend Ward Hong Xiuquan Yang Xiuqing Xiao Chaogui Feng Yunshan Wei Changhui Shi Dakai Li Xiucheng Strength 2,000,000-5...

Ningbo was once famed for traditional Chinese furniture production.

During World War II in 1940, Japan bombed Ningbo with fleas carrying the bubonic plague. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... For other uses, see Flea (disambiguation). ... The bubonic plague or bubonic fever is the best-known variant of the deadly infectious disease caused by the enterobacteria Yersinia pestis (Pasteurella pestis). ...

"It has been said of the Ningbo fishermen that, 'no people in the world apparently made so great an advance in the art of fishing; and for centuries past no people have made so little further progress.'"^[1]

Geography and climate

• Ningbo covers an area of 9,365 square kilometers and has a total coastline of 1562 km including 788 km of mainland coastline and 774 km of island coastline.
• Climatic Features: sub-tropical monsoon climate featured with temperate and humid weather and four distinct seasons; frost-free of 230-240 days
• Average Temperature: 16.2 °C
• Average Rainfall: 1300-1400 mm

regional and 3d topo map of Ningbo, China For other uses, see Temperature (disambiguation). ... Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). ...

Economy

Ningbo is a very important economic hub and port city. Historically a port city for foreign trade since the 7th century. Ningbo currently is a major exporter of consumer products, electrical products, textiles, food, and industrial tools.

In 2002, Ningbo economic activity reached USD 12.273 billion, up 38.04% from the previous year. The exports totalled USD 8.163 billion, up 30.73% from the previous year. In addition, Ningbo imported USD 4.11 billion of goods, up 55.28% from the previous year. Towards the end of 2002, there were 6863 foreign enterprises operating in Ningbo with a total foreign investment estimated to be 21.37 billion US dollars. ^[2]

Tourism

• Tianyi Pavilion Museum, Ningbo's best tourist attraction, the Tianyige Library (daily 8am-4.30pm; ¥12), is comfortably tucked away in the vicinity of Moon Lake (Yuehu). Built in 1516 and said to be the oldest surviving library building in China, it was founded by Ming official Fan Qin, whose collection went back to the eleventh century and included woodblock and handwritten copies of the Confucian classics, rare local histories and lists of the candidates successful in imperial examinations. Nowadays you can visit the library's garden and outhouses, some of which contain small displays of old books and tablets. It's quite a charming place and the gold-plated, wood-paneled buildings, their bamboo groves, pool and rockery still preserve an atmosphere of seclusion, contemplation and study.
• Baoguo Temple, the oldest intact wooden structure in Southern China, is located in Jiangbei District, 15km north of Ningbo city.
• Tianfeng Tower
• Ahyuwang Temple
• Tiantong Temple
• Tian Yi Square

Baoguo Temple (Chinese: ; pinyin: Bǎoguósì) is a Mahayana Buddhist temple located in Jiangbei district, 15km north of Ningbo, in Zhejiang, China. ... Jiangbei District a district of Chongqing municipality which is currently undergoing much development. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Notable people

Main article: Ningbo People

Many well known Chinese came from Ningbo or their ancestral home was Ningbo. There are many famous Chinese coming from Ningbo (Ningbo native) or their ancestral home is Ningbo. ... The Ancestral Home (Dom Ojczysty) is a political party in Poland, founded after the elections. ...

People in main land China

• Pan Tianshou (潘天寿), artist in Chinese painting.
• Zhou Xinfang (周信芳), artist in Peking Opera.
• Sha Menghai (沙孟海), the Master Calligrapher.

People in Hong Kong Zhou Xinfang, (Traditional Chinese:周信芳, Simplified Chinese:周信芳, January 28, 1895 – March 5, 1975), was a famous Beijing Opera actor who died in the Cultural Revolution. ... Sha Menghai (11th Jun. ...

• Sir Run Run Shaw
• Dong Jianhua
• Tung Chao Yung
• Chen Din Hwa
• Stephen Chow

People in Taiwan Image:Sir Run Run Shaw. ... Tung Chee-hwa (Traditional Chinese: 董建華 Simplified Chinese: 董建华 Pinyin: Dǒng Jiànhuá) (born July 7, 1937, or the 29th day of the fifth month in the Chinese calendar) is the first Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People... Tung Chao Yung (董兆榮 better known as 董浩雲, pinyin: Dōng Hàoyún, born 18th of the eighth lunar month in 1912; died April 15, 1982), also known as C. Y. Tung, was a Chinese shipping magnate, the founder of the Orient Overseas Line (now Orient Overseas Container Line or OOCL). ... Chen Din Hwa, Hong Kong, a billionaire, who in 2005 was reported to be worth US$1,400,000,000. ... Stephen Chow (also Stephen Chiau) (traditional Chinese: 周星馳; simplified Chinese : 周星驰; often Romanized as Chow Sing Chi; pinyin : Zhōu XÄ«ngchí; jyutping : zau1 sing1 ci4) (born June 22, 1962) is a director and actor in many blockbuster movies in Hong Kong. ...

• Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石), KMT leader and military strongman.
• Chiang Ching-kuo (蔣經國)
• Morris Chang (張忠謀)

People overseas Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was the Chinese military and political leader who assumed the leadership of the Kuomintang (KMT) after the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925. ... Chiang Ching-kuo (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; Hanyu Pinyin: Jiǎng Jīngguó; Wade-Giles: Chiang Ching-kuo) (April 271, 1910 – January 13, 1988), Kuomintang (KMT) politician and leader, was the son of President Chiang Kai-shek and held numerous posts in the government of the Republic of China (from... Morris Chang was the founding Chairman of Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Ltd. ...

• Shien Biau Woo
• Yo Yo Ma

Shien Biau Woo (a. ... Classic Yo-Yo album cover Yo-Yo Ma (馬友友 Pinyin: Mǎ Yǒuyǒu) (born October 7, 1955) is a world-famous French-Chinese-American cellist. ...

Transportation

The Hangzhou Bay Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge currently under construction across Hangzhou Bay, will connect the municipalities of Shanghai and Ningbo, and will be the longest trans-oceanic bridge in the world, and the world's second-longest bridge, next to the Lake Ponchartrain Causeway in Louisiana, USA. The port of Ningbo is one of the World's busiest port, ranked 4th by cargo tonnage in 2005, and 15th in TEU. Computer rendering of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge Location of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge The Hangzhou Bay Bridge (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is a cable-stayed bridge currently under construction across Hangzhou Bay off the eastern coast of China. ... A cable-stayed bridge is a bridge that consists of one or more columns (normally referred to as towers or pylons), with cables supporting the bridge deck. ... For other uses, see Shanghai (disambiguation). ... The Lake Pontchartrain Causeway, or the Causeway, consists of two parallel bridges that are the longest bridges in the world by total length. ... The worlds busiest port is contested by several ports around the world, as there is as yet no standardised means of evaluating port performance and traffic. ...

Miscellaneous

• Ningbo is the headquarters of the East Sea Fleet of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy. Its sector of responsibility includes Taiwan.

• Ningbo is known for Ningbo Tang Bao, small stuffed buns which are steamed. The stuffing is usually ground pork mixed with minced vegetables. They are usually eaten with care as the tang (broth) inside the buns can be very hot in temperature.

• Ningbo has three universities. Towards the north of the city is Ningbo University, while the Ningbo Higher Education Zone (Yinzhou district) is home to Zhejiang Wanli University as well as the University of Nottingham Ningbo, China – a joint venture between the University of Nottingham and the Wanli Education Group.

The East Sea Fleet was the first naval force formed by the Peoples Republic of China, on 23 April 1949, and was initially based at Shanghai. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The University of Nottingham, Ningbo, China (UNNC) is a campus of the University of Nottingham, England situated in the coastal city of Ningbo in Zhejiang province, near Shanghai. ... The University of Nottingham is a leading research and teaching university in the city of Nottingham, in the East Midlands of England. ...

Sister cities

Ningbo has city partnerships with many cities around the world. Sign denoting twin towns of Neckarsulm, Germany Town twinning is a concept whereby towns or cities in geographically and politically distinct areas are paired with the goal of fostering human contact and cultural links. ...

Sister cities (友好城市)

• Nagaokakyo, Japan (since April 1983)
• Aachen, Germany (October 1986)
• Wilmington, USA (May 1988)
• Rouen, France (March 1990)
• Waitakere, New Zealand (November 1998)
• Santos, Brazil (January 2002)
• Veszprem, Hungary (July 2003)
• Nelson Mandela Municipality, South Africa (September 2003)
• Varna, Bulgaria (June 2004)
• Stavanger, Norway (September 2004)
• Nottingham, UK (September 2005)^[3]
• Bydgoszcz, Poland (November 2005)

Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Nagaokakyō (長岡京市; -shi) is a city located in Kyoto, Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Oche redirects here; in darts the oche is the line from which players must throw. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... : Chemical Capital of the World , Corporate Capital of the World , Credit Card Capital of the World : A Place to Be Somebody United States Delaware New Castle 17. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Rouen (pronounced in French, sometimes also ) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital of the Haute-Normandie (Upper Normandy) région. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_New_Zealand. ... Waitakere City is New Zealands fifth largest city, with an annual growth of about 2%. It is part of the Auckland region, and is incorporated in the Auckland metropolitan area. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... Motto: Patriam Charitatem et Libertatem Docui (Latin: To the homeland I taught charity and liberty) Location in the state of São Paulo and Brazil Coordinates: , Country Brazil Region Southeast State São Paulo Settled 1546 Incorporated 1839 Government  - Mayor João Paulo Tavares Papa (PMDB) Area  - City 280. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Hungary. ... Veszprém (in Slovak Vesprím) is a city in western Hungary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Africa. ... Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality is one of six Metropolitan (or Category A) municipalities in South Africa. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Bulgaria. ... This article is about the city in Bulgaria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... County District Jæren Municipality NO-1103 Administrative centre Stavanger Mayor (1995-) Leif Johan Sevland (H) Official language form BokmÃ¥l Area  - Total  - Land  - Percentage Ranked 406 71 km² 68 km² 0. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... For other uses, see Nottingham (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... Coordinates: , Country Poland Voivodeship Kuyavian-Pomeranian Powiat city county Gmina Bydgoszcz Established before 1238 City Rights 1346/1349 Government  - Mayor Konstanty Dombrowicz Area  - City 174. ...

Cities of friendly exchanges (友好交流关系城市)

• Masuda, Japan (since October 1990)
• Ueda, Japan (February 1995)
• Barcelona, Spain (October 1995)
• Suncheon, South Korea (June 1997)
• Surrey, Canada (May 1999)
• Houston, USA (September 2000)
• Wiener Neustadt, Austria (September 2000)
• Daegu, South Korea (September 2000)
• Aguascalientes, México (November 2006)

Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Masuda (益田市; -shi) is a city located in Shimane, Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... Ueda (上田市; -shi) is a city located in Nagano, Japan. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Spain. ... Location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Barcelona (Catalan) Spanish name Barcelona Nickname Ciutat Comtal (City of Counts) Postal code 08001–08080 Area code 34 (Spain) + 93 (Barcelona) Website http://www. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Korea. ... Suncheon (Suncheon-si) is a city in Jeollanam-do, South Korea. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Location of Surrey Country Canada Province British Columbia Regional District Greater Vancouver Regional District Incorporation 1879 (municipality status)   1993 (city status) Government  - Mayor Dianne Watts  - Governing body  - MLAs List of MLAs Harry Bains (NDP) Jagrup Brar (NDP) Bruce Ralston (NDP) Kevin Falcon (LIB) Dave Hayer (LIB) Gordon Hogg (LIB) Sue... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Houston redirects here. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ... Wiener Neustadt (Hungarian: Bécsújhely) is located south of Vienna in the state of Lower Austria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_South_Korea. ... Short name Statistics Location map Map of South Korea highlighting the city. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Aguascalientes IPA: is a state of Mexico, situated in the center of the country. ... Mexico or, in Spanish, México, is: Mexico, a federal republic in North America Mexico City, that countrys capital city Mexican Federal District, the federal district containing that capital city Estado de México (State of Mexico), one of that republics 31 constituent states Mexico is also the...

See also

• Jiangnan
• Ningbo People
• Ningbo Twin Towers

Village in Jiangnan Jiangnan or Jiang Nan (Chinese: ; Pinyin: Jiāngnán; Wade-Giles: Chiang nan; sometimes spelled Kiang-nan) is a geographic area referring to lands immediately to the south of the lowest reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of the Yangtze Delta. ... There are many famous Chinese coming from Ningbo (Ningbo native) or their ancestral home is Ningbo. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ...

References

http://www.scaruffi.com/politics/wwii.html

1. ^ The Junks and Sampans of the Yangtze by G.R.G. Worchester, river inspector (retired), Chinese Maritime Customs, pg. 174. ISBN 0-87021-335-0
2. ^ http://english.ningbo.gov.cn/art/2006/03/02/art_347_6562.html
3. ^ http://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/sitemap/business/cd_regional_international_affairs/internationalteam/twinning.htm

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Ningbo

• Government website of Ningbo
• Ningbo travel guide from Wikitravel
• Ningbo city guide

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Wikitravel is a project to create an open content, complete, up-to-date, and reliable world-wide travel guide. ...

Coordinates: 29°52′N, 121°33′E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...