Protocol to the 1979 Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or Their Transboundary Fluxes, opened for signature on 31 October1988 and entered into force on 14 February1991, was to provide for the control or reduction of nitrogen oxides and their transboundary fluxes.
The anaesthetic function of nitrous oxide is not completely understood, but it is thought that the gas interacts with the plasma membranes of nerve cells in the brain and thus affects the communication among such cells at their synapses.
Nitrogenoxides, nitrous oxide included, are greenhouse gasses, with 270 times the effect of carbon dioxide for producing global warming.
Therefore, nitrogenoxides are a subject of efforts to curb greenhouse gas emmissions, such as the Kyoto Protocol.