NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Nitrogen group

Nitrogen is the 7th element in the Periodic Table. It is in the Nitrogen Group, which contains nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. It is in Group 15, which is why it is normally unreactive. Nitrogen is an explosive element, and is never found uncombined in nature. It has 5 electrons in its outermost shell, which are also known as valence electrons. It has 2 in the first shell. It is an unstable element because it has 5 valence electrons, and stable elements have 8. Unstable means that the element will react more easily than a stable element, or an element with more valence electrons. It is usually found as N2, which is 2 nitrogen atoms combined. When N2 atoms form a gas, they release a huge amount of energy. Nitrogen is never found uncombined in nature because it forms a triple bond with the other nitrogen atom which is very hard to break. It is easy to extract nitrogen from air, though. -Owen Price, Phd Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... A periodic table group is a vertical column in the periodic table of the chemical elements. ... In the periodic table of the elements, a period is a row of the table. ... A period 2 element is one of the chemical elements in the second row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... General Name, symbol, number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... A period 3 element is one of the chemical elements in the third row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... General Name, symbol, number phosphorus, P, 15 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 3, p Appearance waxy white/ red/ black/ colorless Standard atomic weight 30. ... A period 4 element is one of the chemical elements in the fourth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... General Name, Symbol, Number arsenic, As, 33 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15, 4, p Appearance metallic gray Standard atomic weight 74. ... A period 5 element is one of the chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... This article is about the element. ... A period 6 element is one of the chemical elements in the sixth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements, including the Lanthanides. ... General Name, Symbol, Number bismuth, Bi, 83 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 15, 6, p Appearance lustrous reddish white Atomic mass 208. ... A period 7 element is one of the chemical elements in the seventh row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... General Name, Symbol, Number ununpentium, Uup, 115 Group, Period, Block 15, 7, p Atomic mass (299) gÂ·molâˆ’1 Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3 (guess based on bismuth) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 5 CAS registry number 54085-64-2 Selected isotopes References...

The Nitrogen group elements (a.k.a. group VA) are also known as IUPAC Group 15 (formerly Group V) of the periodic table. The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to the advancement of chemistry. ... A periodic table group is a vertical column in the periodic table of the chemical elements. ... The Periodic Table redirects here. ...

This group has the defining characteristic that all the component elements have 5 electrons in their outermost shell, that is 2 electrons in the s subshell and 3 unpaired electrons in the p subshell. They are therefore 3 electrons short of filling their outermost electron shell in their non-ionized state. The most important element of this group is nitrogen (N), which in its diatomic form is the principal component of air. Other members of the group include phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi) and ununpentium (Uup) (unconfirmed). General Name, symbol, number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless gas Standard atomic weight 14. ... General Name, symbol, number phosphorus, P, 15 Chemical series nonmetals Group, period, block 15, 3, p Appearance waxy white/ red/ black/ colorless Standard atomic weight 30. ... General Name, Symbol, Number arsenic, As, 33 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 15, 4, p Appearance metallic gray Standard atomic weight 74. ... This article is about the element. ... General Name, Symbol, Number bismuth, Bi, 83 Chemical series poor metals Group, Period, Block 15, 6, p Appearance lustrous reddish white Atomic mass 208. ... General Name, Symbol, Number ununpentium, Uup, 115 Group, Period, Block 15, 7, p Atomic mass (299) gÂ·molâˆ’1 Electron configuration perhaps [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p3 (guess based on bismuth) Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 5 CAS registry number 54085-64-2 Selected isotopes References...

The trivial name pnicogens (now also spelled pnictogens) is also sometimes used for elements of this group, with binary compounds being called pnictides, but neither term is approved by IUPAC. Both spellings are said to derive from the Greek πνίγειν (pnigein), to choke or stifle, which is a property of nitrogen; they are also mnemonic for the two most common members, P and N. The name pentels (from the Latin penta, five) was also used for this group at one time, stemming from the earlier group naming convention (Group VB). In chemistry, a trivial name (also common or vernacular name) is a non-systematic name. ... The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international non-governmental organization devoted to the advancement of chemistry. ... For other uses, see Mnemonic (disambiguation). ...

These elements are also noted for their stability in compounds due to their proclivity for double and triple covalent bonds. This is the property of these elements which leads to their potential toxicity, most evident in phosphorus, arsenic and antimony. When these chemicals react with various chemicals of the body, they create strong free radicals not easily processed by the liver, where they accumulate. Paradoxically it is this strong bonding which causes nitrogen and bismuths reduced toxicity(when in molecular bonds), as these form strong bonds with other atoms which are difficult to split, creating very stable molecules. For example N₂, the diatomic form of nitrogen, is used for inert atmosphere in situations where xenon or another noble gas would be prohibitively expensive. Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding characterized by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between atoms, in order to produce a mutual attraction, which holds the resultant molecule together. ... In chemistry free radicals are uncharged atomic or molecular species with unpaired electrons or an otherwise open shell configuration. ... A computer rendering of the Nitrogen Molecule, which is a diatomic molecule. ... General Name, Symbol, Number xenon, Xe, 54 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18, 5, p Appearance colorless Standard atomic weight 131. ... This article is about the chemical series. ...

Categories: Cleanup from November 2007 | All pages needing cleanup | Chemical element groups | Periodic table | Pnictogens Together with the metals and metalloids, a nonmetal is one of three categories of chemical elements as distinguished by ionization and bonding properties. ... Metalloid is a term used in chemistry when classifying the chemical elements. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Primordial elements are chemical elements found on the earth that have existed in their current form since before the earth was formed, according to the big bang theory. ... This article is about Earth as a planet. ... Radioactive decay is the process in which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves. ... The chemical elements labelled as synthetic are unstable, with a half-life so short (ranging from a fraction of millisecond to a few million years) relative to the age of the Earth that any atoms of that element that may have been present when the Earth formed have long since... The Periodic Table redirects here. ... This is a standard display of the periodic table of the elements. ... The alternative table is a standard periodic table rotated counterclockwise and then mirrored across the vertical axis, hence like in many writing systems, the lower groups are to the left and the number increases to the right. ... Category: ... The Detailed Table is a smaller version of the Huge Table. ... The text-only table is a version of the Huge Table designed for printing atomic mass data. ... This large version of the periodic table contains the symbol, name, atomic number, and standard atomic weight of each element. ... Color coding for atomic numbers: Elements numbered in blue are liquids at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP); those in green are gases at STP; those in black are solid at STP; those in red are synthetic (all are solid at STP). ... Color coding for atomic numbers: Elements numbered in blue are liquids at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP); those in green are gases at STP; those in black are solid at STP; those in red are synthetic (all are solid at STP). ... ... This is a version of the periodic table of the elements that places all elements in the same rows. ... An extended periodic table was suggested by Glenn T. Seaborg in 1969. ... electron numbers indicate subshells that are filled to their maximum. ... Categories: ... Electronegativity is a measure of the ability of an atom or molecule to attract electrons in the context of a chemical bond. ... Alternative periodic tables are chemical element displays different from the well known Mendeleev periodic table. ... This is a list of chemical elements, sorted by name and color coded according to type of element. ... // This is a list of chemical elements by symbol, including the current signification used to identify the chemical elements as recognized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, as well as proposed and historical signs. ... A table of chemical elements ordered by atomic number and color coded according to type of element. ... This is a list of the chemical elements, sorted by boiling point measured at normal pressure. ... This is a list of the chemical elements, sorted by melting point measured at normal pressure. ... This is a list of the chemical elements, sorted by density measured at standard temperature and pressure. ... Hydrogen = 1 List of Elements in Atomic Number Order. ... A group, also known as a family, is a vertical column in the periodic table of the chemical elements. ... The alkali metals are a series of elements comprising Group 1 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). ... The alkaline earth metals are a series of elements comprising Group 2 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra). ... A Group 3 element is an element in periodic table group 3 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, which consists of: scandium (21) yttrium (39) lanthanum (57) - lutetium (71) actinium (89) - lawrencium (103) All of these elements are classed in Group 3 because their outer shell holds three electrons. ... A Group 4 element is an element in periodic table group 4 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, which consists of: titanium (22) zirconium (40) hafnium (72) rutherfordium (104) All of these elements are classed in Group 4 because their valence shell holds four electrons. ... A Group 5 element is the series of elements in group 5 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, which consists of vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), and dubnium (Db). ... The group 6 in the periodic table consists of the elements chromium (24) molybdenum (42) tungsten (74) seaborgium (106) Group 6 is the new IUPAC name for this group, the old style name was group VIA in the old European system or group VIB in the old US system. ... A Group 7 element is an element in periodic table group 7 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, which consists of: manganese (25) technetium (43) rhenium (75) bohrium (107) All of these elements are classed in Group 7 because their valence shell holds four electrons. ... A Group 8 element is an element in periodic table group 8 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, which consists of: Iron (26) Ruthenium (44) Osmium (76) Hassium (108) All of these elements are classed in Group 8 because their valence shell holds four electrons. ... The Group 9 elements are: Cobalt (27) Rhodium (45) Iridium (77) Meitnerium (109) Color coding for these atomic numbers: At room temperature, all are solid; red indicates item is synthetic and does not occur naturally. ... The Group 10 elements are: Nickel (28) Palladium (46) Platinum (78) Darmstadtium (110) Color coding for these atomic numbers: At room temperature, all are solid; red indicates item is synthetic and does not occur naturally. ... A Group 11 element is one in the series of elements in group 11 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table, consisting of transition metals which are the traditional coinage metals of copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold (Au). ... The Group 12 elements are: Zinc (30) Cadmium (48) Mercury (80) Ununbium (112) Color coding for these atomic numbers: At room temperature, all are solid but mercury is liquid; red indicates item is synthetic and does not occur naturally. ... The Boron group is the series of elements in group 13 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table. ... The carbon group is group 14 (IUPAC style) in the periodic table. ... The chalcogens (with the ch pronounced with a hard c as in chemistry) are the name for the periodic table group 16 (old-style: VIB or VIA) in the periodic table. ... This article is about the chemical series. ... This article is about the chemical series. ... In the periodic table of the elements, a period is a horizontal row of the table. ... A period 1 element is one of the chemical elements in the first row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... A period 2 element is one of the chemical elements in the second row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... A period 3 element is one of the chemical elements in the third row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... A period 4 element is one of the chemical elements in the fourth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... A period 5 element is one of the chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... A period 6 element is one of the chemical elements in the sixth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements, including the Lanthanides. ... A period 7 element is one of the chemical elements in the seventh row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... A period 8 element is one of the chemical elements in the eighth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. ... The alkali metals are a series of elements comprising Group 1 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), caesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). ... The alkaline earth metals are a series of elements comprising Group 2 (IUPAC style) of the periodic table: beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) and radium (Ra). ... The lanthanide series comprises the 15 elements from lanthanum to lutetium on the periodic table, with atomic numbers 57 through 71. ... The actinide (or actinoid) series encompasses the 15 chemical elements that lie between actinium and lawrencium on the periodic table, with atomic numbers 89 - 103[1]. The actinide series is named after actinium. ... In chemistry, the term transition metal (sometimes also called a transition element) has two possible meanings: It commonly refers to any element in the d-block of the periodic table, including zinc, cadmium and mercury. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Metalloid is a term used in chemistry when classifying the chemical elements. ... Together with the metals and metalloids, a nonmetal is one of three categories of chemical elements as distinguished by ionization and bonding properties. ... This article is about the chemical series. ... This article is about the chemical series. ... A block of the periodic table of elements is a set of adjacent groups. ... The s-block of the periodic table of elements consists of the first two groups: the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, plus hydrogen. ... The p-block of the periodic table of elements consists of the last six groups. ... D Block is a rap group based in Yonkers, New York. ... The f-block of the periodic table of elements consists of those elements for which, in the atomic ground state, the highest-energy electrons occupy f-orbitals. ... The g-block of the periodic table of the elements consists of those elements for which, in the atomic ground state, the highest-energy electrons occupy g-orbitals. ...