Nitrosyl chloride is the chemical compound NOCl. It is a yellow gas that is most commonly encountered as a component of aqua regia, a mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid. IUPAC nomenclature is a system of naming chemical compounds and of describing the science of chemistry in general. ... A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... A substance is soluble in a fluid if it dissolves in that fluid. ... Water (H2O, HOH) is the most abundant molecule on Earth, composing 70-75% of the Earths surface as liquid and solid state in addition to being found in the atmosphere as a vapor. ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... four sp³ orbitals three sp² orbitals In chemistry, hybridisation or hybridization (see spelling differences) is the mixing of atomic orbitals belonging to a same electron shell to form new orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. ... The Earths magnetic field, which is approximately a dipole. ... The debye (symbol: D) is a non-SI and non-CGS unit of electrical dipole moment. ... A material safety data sheet or MSDS is a form containing data regarding the properties of a particular substance. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... Risk and Safety Statements, also known as R/S statements, R/S numbers, R/S phrases, and R/S sentences, is a system of hazard codes and phrases for labeling dangerous chemicals and compounds. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... RTECS, also known as Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, is a database of toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature that is available for charge. ... The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a material is the factor by which the phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation is slowed in that material, relative to its velocity in a vacuum. ... The dielectric constant εr (represented as or K in some cases) is defined as the ratio: where εs is the static permittivity of the material in question, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... IR spectrum of a thin film of liquid ethanol. ... Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy most commonly known as NMR Spectroscopy is the name given to the technique which exploits the magnetic properties of nuclei. ... Basic schematic of mass spectrometry Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ... The chemical compound nitric oxide is a gas with chemical formula NO. It is an important signaling molecule in the body of mammals including humans, one of the few gaseous signaling molecules known. ... Nitrosylsulfuric acid is the chemical compound with the formula NOHSO4. ... The structure of the nitrosonium ion The nitrosonium ion is NO+, the nitrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a bond order of 2, the overall diatomic species bearing a positive charge. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... A chemical compound is a chemical substance consisting of two or more different chemically bonded chemical elements, with a fixed ratio determining the composition. ... Aqua regia (Latin for royal water) is a highly corrosive, fuming yellow or red solution formed by a fresh mixture of concentrated nitric acid (otherwise known as aqua fortis) and concentrated hydrochloric acid, usually in a volumetric ratio of one to three. ... The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. ... The chemical compound nitric acid (HNO3), otherwise known as aqua fortis or spirit of nitre, is a colorless, corrosive liquid, a toxic acid which can cause severe burns. ...

Structure and synthesis

Although its formula is written NOCl, the structure is better represented ONCl. A double bond exists between N and O (distance = 1.16 Å) and a single bond between N and Cl (distance = 1.69 Å). The O-N-Cl angle is 113°.^[1] Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding characterized by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between atoms, in order to produce a mutual attraction, which holds the resultant molecule together. ...

NOCl can be prepared by the direct combination of chlorine and nitric oxide. It is the mixed acid anhydride of HCl and nitrous acid. NOBr, nitrosyl bromide, is also known. General Name, Symbol, Number chlorine, Cl, 17 Chemical series halogens Group, Period, Block 17, 3, p Appearance yellowish green Atomic mass 35. ... The chemical compound nitric oxide is a gas with chemical formula NO. It is an important signaling molecule in the body of mammals including humans, one of the few gaseous signaling molecules known. ... Acid anhydrides have the general formula (RCO)2O, and appear to be the dehydration product of two carboxylic acid molecules. ... R-phrases , S-phrases , , , , Flash point non-flammable Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ... Nitrous acid (molecular formula HNO2) is a weak monobasic acid known only in solution and in the form of nitrite salts. ...

It arises from the combination of hydrochloric and nitric acids according to the following reaction:^[2]

HNO₃ + 3 HCl → Cl₂ + 2 H₂O + NOCl

Reactions

• NOCl reacts with halide acceptors to give the nitrosyl cation, [NO]⁺. This species is available as NOBF₄.
• NOCl reacts with water to release HCl.
• Heating NOCl above 100 C gives back Cl₂ and NO.
• In organic synthesis, NOCl is often employed. It adds to alkenes to afford α-chloro oximes.^[3]

A halide is a binary compound, of which one part is a halogen atom and the other part is an element or radical that is less electronegative than the halogen, to make a fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, or astatide compound. ... The structure of the nitrosonium ion The nitrosonium ion is NO+, the nitrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom with a bond order of 2, the overall diatomic species bearing a positive charge. ... Organic synthesis is the construction of organic molecules via chemical processes. ... An alkene in organic chemistry is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon to carbon double bond. ...

Safety

NOCl is toxic and irritating to the lungs.

References

1. ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
2. ^ L. J. Beckham, W. A. Fessler, M. A. Kise. "Nitrosyl Chloride". Chemical Reviews 48: 319-396. DOI:10.1021/cr60151a001.
3. ^ Ohno, M,; Naruse, N.; Terasawa, I. " 7-cyanoheptanal" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 5, page.266 (1973). (addition of NOCl to cyclooctene)

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External links

• Link page to external chemical sources.