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Encyclopedia > Nobel Prize in Economics

The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, commonly called the Nobel Prize in Economics, is a prize awarded each year for outstanding intellectual contributions in the field of economics. The prize is generally considered the most prestigious honor in economics. Although it is awarded in accordance with same principles as Nobel Prizes established in the will of Alfred Nobel, it is not a Nobel Prize.[1] The award was established some 70 years after the death of Alfred Nobel by the Bank of Sweden on its 300th anniversary in 1968, and first awarded in 1969. The prize is administered by the Nobel Foundation, while the Bank of Sweden provides the cash award for it.[2] The economics laureates receive their diploma and gold medal from the Swedish monarch at the same December 10 ceremony in Stockholm as the laureates in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, and literature. Face-to-face trading interactions on the New York Stock Exchange trading floor. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ), as designated in Alfred Nobels will in 1895, are awarded for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. ... In the common law, a will or testament is a document by which a person (the testator) regulates the rights of others over his property or family after death. ...   (October 21, 1833, Stockholm, Sweden—December 10, 1896, Sanremo, Italy) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and the inventor of dynamite. ... Sveriges Riksbank (Swedish National Bank) is the central bank of Sweden, sometimes called just the Bank of Sweden. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Sweden is a constitutional monarchy with a representative democracy based on a parliamentary system. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Stockholm (disambiguation). ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ... Emil Adolf von Behring was the first person to receive the Nobel Prize in physiology or Medicine, for his work on the treatment of diphtheria. ... Nobel Prize in Literature medal. ...

Contents

Award process

The prize is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences "in accordance with the rules governing the award of the Nobel Prizes instituted through his [Alfred Nobel's] will."[2] Every year in September, the Prize Committee, a five member committee elected by the the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, sends around 3000 invitations to professors, scientists, and other qualified nominators requesting proposals for candidates for the following year's prize.[2][3] All proposals and their supporting evidence must be received before February 1.[3] Afterwards, the proposals are reviewed by the Prize Committee and specially appointed experts. Before the end of September, the committee chooses potential laureates. If there is a tie, then the chairman of the committee casts the deciding vote. Next, the potential laureates must be approved by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Members of the Ninth Class (the social sciences division) of the Academy vote in mid-October to determine the next economics laureate.[2][4][5] As with the Nobel Prizes, no more than three people can share the prize for a given year and they must be alive when the prize announcement is made in October. Similarly, information about the nominations is not publicly disclosed for 50 years.[3] The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or , founded in 1739 by King Frederick I, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. ... The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or , founded in 1739 by King Frederick I, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. ...


The economics laureates receive their diploma and gold medal from the Monarch of Sweden at the same December 10 ceremony in Stockholm as the Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, and literature. The cash award for the economics laureates is equal to that of the Nobel Prizes, and has been 10 million Swedish kronor (Oct 2007: approximately 1 million Euro) since 2001.[6] Sweden is a constitutional monarchy with a representative democracy based on a parliamentary system. ... For other uses, see Stockholm (disambiguation). ... Winners of the Nobel Prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ... Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995) accepting the Nobel Prize for his work on magnetohydrodynamics [1]. List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to 2006. ... Emil Adolf von Behring was the first person to receive the Nobel Prize in physiology or Medicine, for his work on the treatment of diphtheria. ... Nobel Prize in Literature medal. ... ISO 4217 Code SEK User(s) Sweden Inflation 2. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ...


In February 1995, it was decided that the economics prize be essentially defined as a prize in social sciences, opening the economics prize to great contributions in fields like political science, psychology, and sociology.[citation needed] Also, the Economics Prize Committee was changed to require two non-economists to decide the prize each year, whereas previously the prize committee had consisted of five economists.[citation needed] Alan Greenspan, former chairman, United States Federal Reserve. ...


Controversies and criticisms

There have been lawsuits and disputes over the legitimacy of the economics prize. Some critics argue that the prestige of the prize derives in part from its association with the Nobel Prizes, an association which has often been a source of controversy. Among the most vocal critics of the economics prize is the Swedish human rights lawyer Peter Nobel, who is a great-grandnephew of Alfred Nobel.[7] Swedish economist Gunnar Myrdal and former Swedish minister of finance Kjell-Olof Feldt have also advocated that the prize should be abolished.[8] In the case of at least the former, however, this objection was based on his opinion that the prize awarded to liberal economists Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek was undeserved - not that economics itself did not qualify as a science. Friedrich Hayek stated he would "have decidedly advised against it" if he had been asked about the establishment of the prize.[8] The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ), as designated in Alfred Nobels will in 1895, are awarded for physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace. ...   (October 21, 1833, Stockholm, Sweden—December 10, 1896, Sanremo, Italy) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, innovator, armaments manufacturer and the inventor of dynamite. ... Gunnar Myrdal (December 6, 1898 – May 17, 1987) was a Swedish economist and politician. ... Kjell-Olof Feldt is a Swedish Social Democratic politician, born August 18, 1931 in Holmsund, since 1974 a part of UmeÃ¥ Municipality, Västerbottens län. ... Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American Nobel Laureate economist and public intellectual. ... Friedrich August von Hayek, CH (May 8, 1899 in Vienna – March 23, 1992 in Freiburg) was an Austrian-born British economist and political philosopher known for his defense of liberal democracy and free-market capitalism against socialist and collectivist thought in the mid-20th century. ... Friedrich August von Hayek, CH (May 8, 1899 in Vienna – March 23, 1992 in Freiburg) was an Austrian-born British economist and political philosopher known for his defense of liberal democracy and free-market capitalism against socialist and collectivist thought in the mid-20th century. ...


Some critics claim the prize has a neo-liberal bias.[9][10][11] The laissez-faire Chicago School of Economics has garnered a disproportionate eight Nobel prizes - more than any other university. Assar Lindbeck was the chair of the selection committee from 1980-1994 and was on the committee since its inception in 1969. He has advocated drastic cutbacks in Sweden's welfare state,[12] has criticised Sweden's attempt to have "capitalism with-out capitalists"[13] and favours the introduction of a voucher system in education. He has also worked with Michael Walker, Douglass North, Gary Becker and Friedman in constructing an 'Economic Freedom Index'. This is claimed to create either a bias or an appearance of bias against candidates with an alternate view, such as Keynesian or Neo-Keynesian candidates. Even Friedman stated that Joan Robinson was 'blackballed' because of her espousal of Keynesianism.[14] The term neoliberalism is used to describe a political-economic philosophy that had major implications for government policies beginning in the 1970s – and increasingly prominent since 1980 – that de-emphasizes or rejects positive government intervention in the economy, focusing instead on achieving progress and even social justice by... The Chicago School of Economics is the term for the style of economics practiced at and disseminated from the University of Chicago after 1946. ... ASSAR LINDBECK Artist, retired economics professor. ... There are several people with the name Michael Walker: Michael Walker, a councillor in Canada who advocates a Province of Toronto Michael Walker, a Canadian economist who founded the Fraser Institute Michael Walker, a film director who wrote and directed the psychological thriller Chasing Sleep Michael Walker, the British Chief... Douglass Cecil North (born November 5, 1920) is co-recipient of the 1993 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... Gary Stanley Becker (born December 2, 1930) is an economist and a Nobel laureate. ... Joan Violet Robinson (1903 in Surrey - 1983) was a Keynesian economist who was well known for her knowledge of monetary economics and wide-ranging contributions to economic theory. ...


About the name

Since the official name of the prize is in Swedish, the English name for the prize has varied throughout its history. The Nobel Foundation has translated the name to the following:

Years Official name in English
1969-1970 Prize in Economic Science dedicated to the memory of Alfred Nobel[15][16]
1971 Prize in Economic Science[17]
1972 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[18]
1973-1977, 1983 Prize in Economic Science in Memory of Alfred Nobel[19][20][21]
1978-1982, 1984-1990 Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences[22][23][24][25]
1991 Sveriges Riksbank (Bank of Sweden) Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[26]
1992-2005 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[27][28]
2006-2007 The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[29][30]

Probably due to its long name, many people have referred to the economics award by several different names. During the Nobel Banquet, many laureates have chosen to not name the prize. Those that have, have referred to the prize as:

Year: Laureate Laureate's name for the prize
1969: Jan Tinbergen[31] Alfred Nobel Memorial Prize for Economics
1970: Paul A. Samuelson[32] Alfred Nobel Memorial Awards in Economics
1971: Simon Kuznets,[33]
1994: John C. Harsanyi[34]		 Nobel Memorial Prize
1974: Friedrich August von Hayek[35] Nobel Memorial Prize for economic science
1975: Tjalling C. Koopmans[36] award for economics
1976: Milton Friedman,[37]
1981: James Tobin[38],
2006: Edmund S. Phelps[39]		 Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel
1979: Theodore W. Schultz,[40]
1995: Robert E. Lucas Jr.,[41]		 Nobel Prize in Economics
1988: Maurice Allais[42] Prix Nobel d'Economie (French for Nobel Prize in Economics)
1981: Lawrence R. Klein[43] Prize in Economic Science

The press and other agencies have also called the prize: Jan Tinbergen Jan Tinbergen (The Hague, April 12, 1903 – June 9, 1994 The Hague), Dutch economist, was awarded the first Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1969, which he shared with Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis... Paul Samuelson (born May 15, 1915) is an American economist known for his work in many fields of economics. ... Simon Smith Kuznets (April 30, 1901 – July 8, 1985) was an American economist at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania who won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Economics for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social... John Charles Harsanyi (May 29, 1920 - August 9, 2000) was a Hungarian-American business and economics professor who contributed to the study of game theory in mathematics by developing the analysis of games of incomplete information. ... Friedrich Hayek Friedrich August von Hayek (May 8, 1899 – March 23, 1992) was an economist and social scientist of the Austrian School, noted for his defense of free-market capitalism against a rising tide of socialist thought in the mid-20th century. ... Tjalling Charles Koopmans (August 28, 1910–February 26, 1985) was the joint winner, with Leonid Kantorovich, of the 1975 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American Nobel Laureate economist and public intellectual. ... For the convicted Republican political operative, see James Tobin (political operative). ... Edmund Strother Phelps (born July 26, 1933 in Evanston, Illinois) is an American professor of economics at Columbia University, who was awarded the 2006 The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Theodore William Schultz (April 30, 1902 – February 26, 1998) was the 1979 winner (jointly with Arthur Lewis) of the Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Robert Emerson Lucas, Jr. ... Maurice Allais (born May 31, 1911) was the 1988 winner of The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources. ... Lawrence Robert Klein (born September 14, 1920) is an American economist. ...

  • "Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics"[44][45]
  • "Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences"[46]

In popular culture

In the television series The West Wing, the fictional US president Josiah Bartlet is a Nobel laureate in economics. “The West Wing” redirects here. ... For the signatory of the Declaration of Independence, see Josiah Bartlett. ...


Laureates

The following is a list of all laureates in economics.[47]

Year Name Country Topics
1969 Ragnar Frisch
Jan Tinbergen		 Flag of Norway Norway
Flag of the Netherlands Netherlands		 for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes
1970 Paul Samuelson Flag of the United States United States for the scientific work through which he has developed static and dynamic economic theory and actively contributed to raising the level of analysis in economic science
1971 Simon Kuznets Flag of the United States United States for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social structure and process of development
1972 John Hicks
Kenneth Arrow		 Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom
Flag of the United States United States		 for their pioneering contributions to general economic equilibrium theory and welfare theory
1973 Wassily Leontief Flag of the United States United States for the development of the input-output method and for its application to important economic problems.
1974 Gunnar Myrdal
Friedrich Hayek		 Flag of Sweden Sweden
Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom/ Flag of Austria Austria		 for their pioneering work in the theory of money and economic fluctuations and for their penetrating analysis of the interdependence of economic, social and institutional phenomena
1975 Leonid Kantorovich
Tjalling Koopmans		 Flag of the Soviet Union Soviet Union
Flag of the United States United States		 for their contributions to the theory of optimum allocation of resources
1976 Milton Friedman Flag of the United States United States for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilisation policy
1977 Bertil Ohlin
James Meade		 Flag of Sweden Sweden
Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom		 for their pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and international capital movements
1978 Herbert Simon Flag of the United States United States for his pioneering research into the decision-making process within economic organizations
1979 Theodore Schultz
Arthur Lewis		 Flag of the United States United States
Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom		 for their pioneering research into economic development research with particular consideration of the problems of developing countries.
1980 Lawrence Klein Flag of the United States United States for the creation of econometric models and the application to the analysis of economic fluctuations and economic policies
1981 James Tobin Flag of the United States United States for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices
1982 George Stigler Flag of the United States United States for his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation
1983 Gérard Debreu Flag of the United States United States for having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium.
1984 Richard Stone Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved the basis for empirical economic analysis
1985 Franco Modigliani Flag of Italy Italy for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets
1986 James M. Buchanan Flag of the United States United States for his development of the contractual and constitutional bases for the theory of economic and political decision-making
1987 Robert Solow Flag of the United States United States for his contributions to the theory of economic growth
1988 Maurice Allais Flag of France France for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources
1989 Trygve Haavelmo Flag of Norway Norway for his clarification of the probability theory foundations of econometrics and his analyses of simultaneous economic structures
1990 Harry Markowitz
Merton Miller
William Forsyth Sharpe		 Flag of the United States United States for their pioneering work in the theory of financial economics
1991 Ronald Coase Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy
1992 Gary Becker Flag of the United States United States for having extended the domain of microeconomic analysis to a wide range of human behaviour and interaction, including non-market behaviour
1993 Robert Fogel
Douglass North		 Flag of the United States United States for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change
1994 John Harsanyi
John Forbes Nash
Reinhard Selten		 Flag of the United States United States
Flag of the United States United States
Flag of Germany Germany		 for their pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games
1995 Robert Lucas, Jr. Flag of the United States United States for having developed and applied the hypothesis of rational expectations, and thereby having transformed macroeconomic analysis and deepened our understanding of economic policy
1996 James Mirrlees
William Vickrey		 Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom
Flag of the United States United States		 for their fundamental contributions to the economic theory of incentives under asymmetric information
1997 Robert C. Merton
Myron Scholes		 Flag of the United States United States
Flag of Canada Canada		 for a new method to determine the value of derivatives
1998 Amartya Sen Flag of India India for his contributions to welfare economics
1999 Robert Mundell Flag of Canada Canada for his analysis of monetary and fiscal policy under different exchange rate regimes and his analysis of optimum currency areas
2000 James Heckman Flag of the United States United States for his development of theory and methods for analyzing selective samples
Daniel McFadden Flag of the United States United States for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice
2001 George Akerlof
Michael Spence
Joseph E. Stiglitz		 Flag of the United States United States for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information.
2002 Daniel Kahneman Flag of the United States United States/ Flag of Israel Israel for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty
Vernon L. Smith Flag of the United States United States for having established laboratory experiments as a tool in empirical economic analysis, especially in the study of alternative market mechanisms
2003 Robert F. Engle
Clive Granger		 Flag of the United States United States
Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom		 for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility or common trends
2004 Finn E. Kydland
Edward C. Prescott		 Flag of Norway Norway
Flag of the United States United States		 for their contributions to dynamic macroeconomics: the time consistency of economic policy and the driving forces behind business cycles
2005 Robert Aumann (ישראל אומן)
Thomas Schelling		 Flag of Israel Israel/ Flag of the United States United States
Flag of the United States United States		 for having enhanced our understanding of conflict and cooperation through game-theory analysis
2006 Edmund Phelps Flag of the United States United States for his analysis of intertemporal tradeoffs in macroeconomic policy
2007 Leonid Hurwicz, Eric S. Maskin, Roger B. Myerson Flag of the United States United States for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory

Ragnar Anton Kittil Frisch (March 3, 1895 – January 31, 1973) was a Norwegian economist. ... Jan Tinbergen Jan Tinbergen (The Hague, April 12, 1903 – June 9, 1994 The Hague), Dutch economist, was awarded the first Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1969, which he shared with Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Netherlands. ... Paul Anthony Samuelson (born May 15, 1915, in Gary, Indiana) is an American neoclassical economist known for his contributions to many fields of economics, beginning with his general statement of the comparative statics method in his 1947 book Foundations of Economic Analysis. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Simon Smith Kuznets (April 30, 1901 – July 8, 1985) was an American economist at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania who won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Economics for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... For other persons named John Hicks, see John Hicks (disambiguation). ... Kenneth Joseph Arrow (born August 23, 1921) is an American economist, joint winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics with John Hicks in 1972, and the youngest person ever to receive this award, at 51. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... General Equilibrium (linear) supply and demand curves. ... Wassily Leontief (August 5, 1905, Munich, Germany – February 5, 1999, New York)[1], was an economist notable for his research on how changes in one economic sector may have an effect on other sectors. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Gunnar Myrdal (December 6, 1898 – May 17, 1987) was a Swedish economist and politician. ... Friedrich August von Hayek, CH (May 8, 1899 in Vienna – March 23, 1992 in Freiburg) was an Austrian-born British economist and political philosopher known for his defense of liberal democracy and free-market capitalism against socialist and collectivist thought in the mid-20th century. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Austria. ... It has been suggested that monetary theory be merged into this article or section. ... Leonid V. Kantorovich. ... Tjalling Charles Koopmans (s-Graveland, August 28, 1910 – New Haven, February 26, 1985) was the joint winner, with Leonid Kantorovich, of the 1975 Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Pareto efficiency, or Pareto optimality, is an important notion in neoclassical economics with broad applications in game theory, engineering and the social sciences. ... Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American Nobel Laureate economist and public intellectual. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... In economics, consumption refers to the final use of goods and services to provide utility. ... Bertil Ohlin (pronounced ) (April 23, 1899 – August 3, 1979), was a Swedish economist and winner of the 1977 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. ... James Edward Meade (June 23, 1907, Swanage, Dorset – December 22, 1995, Cambridge) was an English economist and winner of the 1977 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel jointly with the Norwegian Bertil Ohlin for their Pathbreaking contribution to the theory of international trade and... Image File history File links Flag_of_Sweden. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... International trade is the exchange of goods and services across international boundaries or territories. ... Capital has a number of related meanings in economics, finance and accounting. ... Herbert Alexander Simon (June 15, 1916 – February 9, 2001) was an American political scientist whose research ranged across the fields of cognitive psychology, computer science, public administration, economics, management, and philosophy of science and a professor, most notably, at Carnegie Mellon University. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Decision making is the cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action among variations. ... Theodore William Schultz (April 30, 1902 – February 26, 1998) was the 1979 winner (jointly with William Arthur Lewis) of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. ... Sir William Arthur Lewis (January 23, 1915 – June 15, 1991) was a British economist well known for his contributions in the field of economic development. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... A developing country is a country with low average income compared to the world average. ... Lawrence Robert Klein (born September 14, 1920) is an American economist. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Econometrics literally means economic measurement. It is the branch of economics that applies statistical methods to the empirical study of economic theories and relationships. ... For the convicted Republican political operative, see James Tobin (political operative). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... George Joseph Stigler (1911 - 1991) was a U.S. economist. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... A regulation is a legal restriction promulgated by government administrative agencies through rulemaking supported by a threat of sanction or a fine. ... Gerard Debreu was a naturalized US citizen from France Gerard Debreu (July 4, 1921 – December 31, 2004) was a French-born economist and mathematician (In July 1975, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... General Equilibrium (linear) supply and demand curves. ... Sir John Richard Nicholas Stone (August 30, 1913 – December 6, 1991) was an eminent British economist who in 1984 received the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for developing an accounting model that could be used to track economic activities on a national and... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into National Income and Product Accounts. ... Franco Modigliani (June 18, 1918 – September 25, 2003) was an Italian-American economist at the MIT Sloan School of Management, and winner of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in 1985. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... // This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other persons named James Buchanan, see James Buchanan (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... A contract is a legally binding exchange of promises or agreement between parties that the law will enforce. ... Decision making is the cognitive process leading to the selection of a course of action among variations. ... Robert Merton Solow (born August 23, 1924) is an American economist particularly known for his work on the theory of economic growth. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... World GDP/capita changed very little for most of human history before the industrial revolution. ... Maurice Allais (born May 31, 1911) was the 1988 winner of The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Capacity utilization is a concept in Economics which refers to the extent to which an enterprise or a nation actually uses its installed productive capacity. ... Trygve Magnus Haavelmo (13 December 1911 – 26 July 1999), born in Skedsmo, Norway, was an influential economist with main research interests centered on the fields of econometrics and economics theory. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Econometrics literally means economic measurement. It is the branch of economics that applies statistical methods to the empirical study of economic theories and relationships. ... Harry Max Markowitz (born August 24, 1927) is an influential economist at the Rady School of Management at the University of California, San Diego. ... Merton Howard Miller (May 16, 1923 – June 3, 2000) won the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1990, along with Harry Markowitz and William Sharpe. ... William Forsyth Sharpe (born June 16, 1934) is Professor of Finance, Emeritus at Stanford Universitys Graduate School of Business and the winner of the 1990 Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Financial economics is the branch of economics concerned with resource allocation over time. ... Ronald Harry Coase (b. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... In economics and related disciplines, a transaction cost is a cost incurred in making an economic exchange. ... This page deals with property as ownership rights. ... Gary Stanley Becker (born December 2, 1930) is an economist and a Nobel laureate. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Human Behaviour is Icelandic singer Björks first solo single, taken from the album Debut. ... Robert William Fogel (born July 1, 1926) is an American economic historian and scientist, and winner (with Douglass North) of the 1993 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... Douglass Cecil North (born November 5, 1920) is co-recipient of the 1993 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Economic history is the study of economic change, and of economic phenomena in the past. ... John Charles Harsanyi (Hungarian: Harsányi János) (born May 29, 1920 in Budapest, Hungary; died August 9, 2000 in Berkeley, California, United States) was a Hungarian- Australian-American economist and Nobel Laureate. ... John Forbes Nash, Jr. ... Reinhard Selten (born October 5, 1930) is a German economist. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that is often used in the context of economics. ... Robert Emerson Lucas, Jr. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Rational expectations is a theory in economics originally proposed by John F. Muth (1961) and later developed by Robert E. Lucas Jr. ... A model in macroeconomics is designed to simulate the operation of a national or international economy in terms of factors including the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the general behavior of prices. ... James Alexander Mirrlees (born July 5, 1936, Minnigaff, Scotland) is a Scottish economist and winner of the 1996 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... William Spencer Vickrey (June 21, 1914, Victoria, British Columbia - October 11, 1996, New York State) was a Columbia University professor, who was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics just three days before he died. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Robert C. Merton (born July 31, 1944), a leading scholar in the field of finance, was one of three men who, in the early 1970s, developed the mathematics of the stock options markets. ... Myron S. Scholes (born July 1, 1941) is one of the authors of the famous Black-Scholes equation. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Derivatives traders at the Chicago Board of Trade. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_India. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Robert Alexander Mundell C.C. (born October 24, 1932) is a professor of economics at Columbia University. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... It has been suggested that monetary theory be merged into this article or section. ... Fiscal policy is the economic term that defines the set of principles and decisions of a government in setting the level of public expenditure and how that expenditure is funded. ... James Heckman (born April 19, 1944) is an economist at the University of Chicago. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Daniel L. McFadden (born July 29, 1937) is an econometrician who won (jointly with James Heckman) the 2000 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his development of theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice. He is currently the E. Morris Cox Professor of... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... In economics, discrete choice problems involve choices between two or more discrete alternatives, such as entering or not entering the labor market, or choosing between modes of transport. ... George Arthur Akerlof (born June 17, 1940) is an American economist and Koshland Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley. ... Michael Spence (born November 7, 1943) is an American-born, Canadian-raised economist and recipient of the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics, along with George A. Akerlof and Joseph E. Stiglitz, for their work on the dynamics of information flows and market development. ... Joseph Stiglitz (born February 9, 1943) is an American economist and a member of the Columbia University faculty. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... In economics, information asymmetry occurs when one party to a transaction has more or better information than the other party. ... Daniel Kahneman Daniel Kahneman (born March 5, 1934 in Tel Aviv, in the then British Mandate of Palestine, now in Israel), is a key pioneer and theorist of behavioral finance, which integrates economics and cognitive science to explain seemingly irrational risk management behavior in human beings. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Robert F. Engle (born 1942) received the Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 2003, sharing the award with Clive Granger, for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH). He got his Ph. ... Sir Clive Granger (born September 4, 1934) is a Welsh-born economist, and Professor Emeritus at the University of California at San Diego, USA. Along with Robert Engle of New York University he shared the 2003 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... In statistics, signal processing, and econometrics, a time series is a sequence of data points, measured typically at successive times, spaced at (often uniform) time intervals. ... Finn E. Kydland (born 1943) is a Norwegian economist. ... Edward C. Prescott (born 26 December 1940) is an American economist. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... // [edit] Introduction [edit] Definition If we were to take snapshots of an economy at different points in time, no two photos would look alike. ... Israel Robert John Aumann (ישראל אומן) (born June 8, 1930) is an Israeli mathematician and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences. ... Thomas Crombie Schelling (born 14 April 1921) is an American economist and professor of foreign affairs, national security, nuclear strategy, and arms control at the School of Public Policy at University of Maryland College Park. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that is often used in the context of economics. ... Edmund Strother Phelps (born July 26, 1933 in Evanston, Illinois) is an American professor of economics at Columbia University, who was awarded the 2006 The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Macroeconomics is the study of the entire economy in terms of the total amount of goods and services produced, total income earned, the level of employment of productive resources, and the general behavior of prices. ... Leonid Leo Hurwicz (born August 21, 1917, Moscow, Russia) is Regents’ Professor of Economics Emeritus at the University of Minnesota. ... Eric Maskin (born December 12, 1950) is an American economist. ... Roger Bruce Myerson (born March 29, 1951) is an American economist and co-winner, with Leonid Hurwicz and Eric Maskin, of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Economics for having laid the foundations of mechanism design theory. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Mechanism design is a sub-field of game theory. ...

References

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  47. ^ All Laureates in Economics. the Nobel Foundation (2007). Retrieved on 2007-09-25.

The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awarded for Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Physiology or Medicine. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awarded for Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Physiology or Medicine. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awarded for Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Physiology or Medicine. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or , founded in 1739 by King Frederick I, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences or , founded in 1739 by King Frederick I, is one of the Royal Academies in Sweden. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awarded for Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Physiology or Medicine. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 243rd day of the year (244th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... ASSAR LINDBECK Artist, retired economics professor. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Bertil Ohlin (pronounced ) (April 23, 1899 – August 3, 1979), was a Swedish economist and winner of the 1977 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays the 1983 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday (link displays the 1982 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1990 (MCMXC) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 1990 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 290th day of the year (291st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan Tinbergen Jan Tinbergen (The Hague, April 12, 1903 – June 9, 1994 The Hague), Dutch economist, was awarded the first Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel in 1969, which he shared with Ragnar Frisch for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis... Also: 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Paul Samuelson (born May 15, 1915) is an American economist known for his work in many fields of economics. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Simon Smith Kuznets (April 30, 1901 – July 8, 1985) was an American economist at Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania who won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Economics for his empirically founded interpretation of economic growth which has led to new and deepened insight into the economic and social... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... John Charles Harsanyi (May 29, 1920 - August 9, 2000) was a Hungarian-American business and economics professor who contributed to the study of game theory in mathematics by developing the analysis of games of incomplete information. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Friedrich Hayek Friedrich August von Hayek (May 8, 1899 – March 23, 1992) was an economist and social scientist of the Austrian School, noted for his defense of free-market capitalism against a rising tide of socialist thought in the mid-20th century. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Tjalling Charles Koopmans (August 28, 1910–February 26, 1985) was the joint winner, with Leonid Kantorovich, of the 1975 Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American Nobel Laureate economist and public intellectual. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the convicted Republican political operative, see James Tobin (political operative). ... Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Edmund Strother Phelps (born July 26, 1933 in Evanston, Illinois) is an American professor of economics at Columbia University, who was awarded the 2006 The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Theodore William Schultz (April 30, 1902 – February 26, 1998) was the 1979 winner (jointly with Arthur Lewis) of the Nobel Prize in Economics. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Robert Emerson Lucas, Jr. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full 1995 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Maurice Allais (born May 31, 1911) was the 1988 winner of The Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel for his pioneering contributions to the theory of markets and efficient utilization of resources. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Lawrence Robert Klein (born September 14, 1920) is an American economist. ... Year 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1980 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 344th day of the year (345th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Nobel Foundation was created by Lord Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, to manage his estate and award prizes for academic achievement in several areas: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, and peace. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... University of Maryland, College Park The University of Maryland, College Park (also known as UM, UMD, or UMCP) is a public coeducational university situated in suburban College Park, Maryland just outside Washington, D.C. The flagship institution of the University System of Maryland, the university is most often referred to... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The logo of the National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent United States government agency that supports fundamental research and education in all the non-medical fields of science and engineering. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 357th day of the year (358th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Associated Press, or AP, is an American news agency, the worlds largest such organization. ... The Star Tribune is the largest newspaper in Minnesota and is published seven days each week in an edition for the Minneapolis-St. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

v • d • e
Nobel Prizes
Chemistry · Literature · Peace · Physics · Physiology or Medicine
Prize in memory of Alfred Nobel: Economics
v • d • e
Nobel Prize in Economics: List of Laureates
1969-1975 Frisch / Tinbergen (1969) · Samuelson (1970) · Kuznets (1971) · Hicks / Arrow (1972) · Leontief (1973) · Myrdal / Hayek (1974) · Kantorovich / Koopmans (1975)
1976-2000 Friedman (1976) · Ohlin / Meade (1977) · Simon (1978) · Schultz / Lewis (1979) · Klein (1980) · Tobin (1981) · Stigler (1982) · Debreu (1983) · Stone (1984) · Modigliani (1985) · Buchanan (1986) · Solow (1987) · Allais (1988) · Haavelmo (1989) · Markowitz / Miller / Sharpe (1990) · Coase (1991) · Becker (1992) · Fogel / North (1993) · Harsanyi / Nash / Selten (1994) · Lucas (1995) · Mirrlees / Vickrey (1996) · Merton / Scholes (1997) · Sen (1998) · Mundell (1999) · Heckman / McFadden (2000)
2001-2025 Akerlof / Spence / Stiglitz (2001) · Kahneman / Smith (2002) · Engle / Granger (2003) · Kydland / Prescott (2004) · Aumann / Schelling (2005) · Phelps (2006) · Hurwicz / Maskin / Myerson (2007)
v • d • e
Financial economics awards
Career awards Nobel Prize in Economics · Fischer Black Prize · Morgan Stanley-American Finance Association Award
Research awards Brattle Prize · Smith Breeden Prize · Jensen Prize · Fama-DFA Prize · Michael Brennan Award

  Results from FactBites:
 
W. P. Carey School of Business - Edward Prescott Nobel Prize in Economics (924 words)
Edward C. Prescott, the W. Carey Chair of Economics in the W. Carey School of Business and a senior monetary advisor at the Minneapolis Federal Reserve Bank, has been awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in economic sciences, the first-ever Nobel Prize received by an Arizona State University scholar.
The prize, including check for 10 million Swedish kronor (approximately $1.36 million) to be shared by the two, a gold medal and a diploma, is presented on Dec. 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death in 1896.
In 2003 Prescott received the Erwin Plein Nemmers Prize in Economics, and in 2002 he received an academic award from the University of Rome.
CNN.com (477 words)
The prestigious prizes for medicine, physics, chemistry, literature and peace were established in the will of Alfred Nobel, the Swedish industrialist and inventor of dynamite, and were first awarded in 1901.
The economics prize was established separately in 1968 by the Swedish central bank, but it is grouped with the other awards.
The prizes are always presented to the winners on Dec. 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death in 1896.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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