Norman Washington Manley (July 4, 1893 - September 2, 1969), was a Jamaican statesman. A Rhodes Scholar, Manley became one of Jamaica's leading lawyers in the 1920s. With his cousin, Alexander Bustamante, Manley was an advocate of universal suffrage which was granted the colony in 1944. July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 180 days remaining. ... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... September 2 is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years). ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... Rhodes House in Oxford The Rhodes Scholarships were created by Englishman Cecil John Rhodes. ... Sir William Alexander Clarke Bustamante (February 24, 1884 - August 6, 1977) was a conservative Jamaican politician and labor leader. ... Universal suffrage (also general suffrage or common suffrage) consists of the extension of suffrage, or the right to vote, to all adults, without distinction as to race, sex, belief or social status. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

He founded the left wing People's National Party which later was tied to the Trade Union Congress and the N.W. U. Together with Bustamante, in 1938, and led it in every election from 1944 to 1967, and their efforts resulted in the New Constitution of 1944 granting full Adult Suffrage. He served as the colony's Chief Minister from 1955 to 1959, and as Premier from 1959 to 1962. He was a proponent of the island's participation in the Federation of the West Indies but bowed to pressure to hold a referendum in 1961 which resulted in Jamaica withdrawing from the union. For other uses, see Peoples National Party (disambiguation). ... Trades Union Congress headquarters at Congress House in Great Russell Street near Tottenham Court Road, Camden, London. ... A Chief Minister is the elected Head of Government of a state of India, a territory of Australia or a British overseas territory that has attained self-government. ... 1955 is a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1959 was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... National motto: Official language English Capital Chaguaramas Capitals coordinates Largest city {{{largestcity}}} {{{head_of_state}}} {{{current_head_of_state}}} {{{head_of_government}}} {{{current_head_of_government}}} Political system Constitutional monarchy Area  - Total   - % water Ranked % Population   - Total (1960)   - Density Ranked approx. ... A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Norman Washington Manley was born at Roxborough, Manchester, on July 4, 1893. He was a brilliant scholar and athlete, soldier (First World War) and Lawyer. He identified himself with the cause of the workers at the time of the labor troubles of 1938 and donated time and advocacy to the cause. July 4 is the 185th day of the year (186th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 180 days remaining. ... 1893 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

Manley and the PNP supported the trade union movement, then led by Alexander Bustamante, while leading the demand for Universal Adult Suffrage. When Suffrage came, Manley had to wait ten years and two terms before his party was elected to office.

He was a strong advocate of the Federation of the West Indies, established in 1958, but when Sir Alexander Bustamante declared that opposition Jamaica Labor Party would take Jamaica out of the Federation, Norman Manley, already renowned for his integrity and commitment to democracy, called a referendum, unprecedented in Jamaica, to let the people decide.

The vote was decidedly against Jamaica’s continued membership of the Federation. Norman Manley, after arranging Jamaica’s orderly withdrawal from the union, set up a joint committee to decide on a constitution for separate independence for Jamaica.

He himself chaired the committee with great distinction and then led the team that negotiated Jamaica's independence from Britain.

The issue settled, Manley again went to the people. He lost the ensuing election to the JLP and gave his last years of service as Leader of the Opposition, establishing definitively the role of the parliamentary opposition in a developing nation.

In his last public address to an annual conference of the PNP, he said: "I say that the mission of my generation was to win self-government for Jamaica. To win political power which is the final power for the black masses of my country from which I spring. I am proud to stand here today and say to you who fought that fight with me, say it with gladness and pride: Mission accomplished for my generation".

"And what is the mission of this generation?… It is…reconstructing the social and economic society and life of Jamaica".

Shortly before his death he was proclaimed a National Hero of Jamaica, along with Bustamante, the black nationalist Marcus Garvey, nineteenth century rebel Paul Bogle, and nineteenth century politician George William Gordon. Marcus Garvey (far right) in parade Marcus Mosiah Garvey (August 17, 1887 – June 10, 1940) was a publisher, journalist, entrepreneur, crusader for black nationalism and founder of the UNIA-ACL. He was born in Jamaica. ... Paul Bogle (1820? - 1865),who was a Deacon and considered a peaceful man and a Jamaican rebel. ...

Norman Manley died on September 2, 1969. September 2 is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years). ... 1969 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ...

Sir William Alexander Clarke Bustamante (February 24, 1884 - August 6, 1977) was a conservative Jamaican politician and labor leader. ... The Prime Minister of Jamaica is Jamaicas head of government, currently Percival Patterson. ... Sir William Alexander Clarke Bustamante (February 24, 1884 - August 6, 1977) was a conservative Jamaican politician and labor leader. ...