This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Please discuss this issue on the talk page or replace this tag with a more specific message. This article has been tagged since April 2007.

Norman Invasion of Ireland
The result of the Norman Invasion of Ireland a century-and-a-quarter later. Over the course of the century following the date of this map, the majority of Ireland would be reclaimed as Gaelic terrirotry, with the notable exception Dublin.
Date 1169-1175 Location Throughout Ireland. Invasion point at Wexford Result Treaty of Windsor. The successful invasion, aided by King Henry II of England, marked the beginning of eight centuries of English dominance in Ireland. Territorial changes Ireland was a patch-work of rival kingdoms prior to the invasion, although gradually moving towards being a genuine proto-state under a high-king. After 1169 power was nominally centralized at Dublin, but this would not be consolidated until the 16th century.
Combatants
Normans: Leinster,  England,  Fleming,  Welsh, Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 52. ... The Treaty of Windsor in 1175 was an agreement between King Henry II of England and the last High King of Ireland, Rory OConnor. ... Henry II of England (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, and as King of England (1154–1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland, eastern Ireland, and western France. ... The Spire at night WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Leinster County: Dáil Éireann: Dublin Central, Dublin North Central, Dublin North East, Dublin North West, Dublin South Central, Dublin South East European Parliament: Dublin Dialling Code: 01, +353 1 Postal District(s): D1-24, D6W Area: 114. ... The Tudor re-conquest of Ireland took place under the English Tudor dynasty during the 16th century. ... Norman conquests in red. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Leinster. ... Statistics Area: 19,774. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130... Image File history File links Flag_of_Flanders. ... Flanders (Dutch: ) is a large historical region overlapping Belgium, France and the Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Wales_2. ... This article is about the country. ...	Irish Kingdoms: Ulster, Munster Connaught  Norsemen The earliest known kingdoms or tribes in Ireland are referred to in Ptolemys Geography, written in the 2nd century. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Ulster. ... Statistics Area: 24,481 km² Population (2006 estimate) 1,993,918 Ulster (Irish: Cúige Uladh, IPA: ) forms one of the four traditional provinces of Ireland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Munster. ... Statistics Area: 24,607. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Connacht. ... Connaught redirects here. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Motto Royal: Alt for Norge (Everything for Norway) 1814 Eidsvoll oath: Enige og tro til Dovre faller (United and faithful until the mountains of Dovre crumble) Anthem Ja, vi elsker Royal anthem Kongesangen Norway() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Oslo Official languages Norwegian (BokmÃ¥l and Nynorsk...
Commanders
Dermot MacMurrough, King Henry II, Strongbow, Raymond Carew, Richard Fitz Godbert Rhys ap Gruffydd, Maurice Fitz Gerald, Robert Fitz Stephen, Image File history File links Flag_of_Leinster. ... Diarmait Mac Murchada (also known as Diarmait na nGall, Dermot of the Foreigners, Daimait MacMorchada), anglicized as Dermot MacMurrough (died 1 January 1171) was the King of Leinster, and is often considered to have been the most notorious traitor in Irish history. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Rulers with the title Henry II include: Henry II of Castile Henry II of England Henry II of France Henry II of Germany, also Holy Roman Emperor Henry II of Navarre Henry II, Duke of Saxony Henry II of Jerusalem (also Henry II of Cyprus) Henry II, Duke of Bavaria... Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Son of Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Beaumont, Richard was an Anglo-Norman lord notable in supporting Henry II of England in Ireland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Wales_2. ... Rhys ap Gruffydd (1132–28 April 1197) was the ruler of the kingdom of Deheubarth (South Wales) from 1155 until his death. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Wales_2. ... Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan[1] (c1100 - 1 September 1176) was a major figure in the Norman conquest of Ireland. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Wales_2. ... Robert Fitz-Stephen (fl. ...	Rory O'Connor Askuluv Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Ruaidri Ua Conchobair (d. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ...
Strength
Note: All figures may vary according to source.  England  Fleming,  Wales 12,000+, Image File history File links Flag_of_England. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130... Image File history File links Flag_of_Flanders. ... Flanders (Dutch: ) is a large historical region overlapping Belgium, France and the Netherlands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Wales_2. ... This article is about the country. ...	Norsemen 3,000+,  Norsemen 30 ships Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Motto Royal: Alt for Norge (Everything for Norway) 1814 Eidsvoll oath: Enige og tro til Dovre faller (United and faithful until the mountains of Dovre crumble) Anthem Ja, vi elsker Royal anthem Kongesangen Norway() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Oslo Official languages Norwegian (BokmÃ¥l and Nynorsk... Image File history File links Flag_of_Norway. ... Motto Royal: Alt for Norge (Everything for Norway) 1814 Eidsvoll oath: Enige og tro til Dovre faller (United and faithful until the mountains of Dovre crumble) Anthem Ja, vi elsker Royal anthem Kongesangen Norway() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Oslo Official languages Norwegian (BokmÃ¥l and Nynorsk...

The Norman invasion of Ireland was a Norman military expedition to Ireland that took place on 1 May 1169 at the behest of Dermot MacMurrough (Irish Diarmait Mac Murchada), the King of Leinster. It was partially consolidated by Henry II on 18 October 1171 and led to the eventual English rule of Ireland. Immediate consequences were the end of the Irish High Kingship. is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Nur ad-Din invades Egypt, and his nephew Saladin becomes the sultan over the territory conquered by Nur ad-Din. ... Diarmait Mac Murchada (also known as Diarmait na nGall, Dermot of the Foreigners, Daimait MacMorchada), anglicized as Dermot MacMurrough (died 1 January 1171) was the King of Leinster, and is often considered to have been the most notorious traitor in Irish history. ... Statistics Area: 19,774. ... Henry II of England (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, and as King of England (1154–1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland, eastern Ireland, and western France. ... is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events Saladin abolishes the Fatimid caliphate, restoring Sunni rule in Egypt. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130... This does not cite its references or sources. ...

Dermot MacMurrough, Strongbow and the invasion of 1169

After losing the protection of Tyrone Chief, Muirchertach MacLochlainn, High King of Ireland, who died in 1166, MacMorrough was forcibly exiled by a confederation of Irish forces under the new High King, Rory O'Connor. The name Tyrone can refer to: A county in Northern Ireland; see County Tyrone An Earl of Tyrone A small steam train which runs between Bushmills and the Giants Causeway in Northern Ireland. ... Muirechertach mac Lochlainn (died 1166) was king of the Cenél nEógain (of modern County Tyrone) and High King of Ireland from around 1154 to 1156, following Tairrdelbach mac Ruaidri Ua Conchobair (died 1156). ... This does not cite its references or sources. ...

MacMurrough fled first to Bristol and then to Normandy. He sought and obtained permission from Henry II of England to use the latter's subjects to regain his kingdom. By 1167 MacMurrough had obtained the services of Maurice Fitz Gerald and later persuaded Rhys ap Gruffydd Prince of Deheubarth to release Fitz Gerald's half-brother Robert Fitz-Stephen from captivity to take part in the expedition. Most importantly he obtained the support of the Earl of Pembroke Richard de Clare, known as Strongbow. This article is about the English city. ... Flag of Normandy Normandy (in French: Normandie, and in Norman: Normaundie) is a geographical region in northern France. ... Henry II of England (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189) ruled as Count of Anjou, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, and as King of England (1154–1189) and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland, eastern Ireland, and western France. ... Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan[1] (c1100 - 1 September 1176) was a major figure in the Norman conquest of Ireland. ... Rhys ap Gruffydd (1132–28 April 1197) was the ruler of the kingdom of Deheubarth (South Wales) from 1155 until his death. ... Deheubarth was a south-western kingdom or principality of medieval Wales. ... Robert Fitz-Stephen (fl. ... The Earldom of Pembroke, associated with Pembroke Castle in Wales, was created by King Stephen of England. ... Son of Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Isabel de Beaumont, Richard was an Anglo-Norman lord notable in supporting Henry II of England in Ireland. ...

The first Norman knight to land in Ireland was Richard fitz Godbert de Roche in 1167, but it was not until 1169 that the main body of Norman, Welsh and Flemish forces landed in Wexford. Within a short time Leinster was regained, Waterford and Dublin were under Diarmait's control. Strongbow married Diarmait's daughter, Aoife, and was named as heir to the Kingdom of Leinster. This latter development caused consternation to Henry II, who feared the establishment of a rival Norman state in Ireland. Accordingly, he resolved to visit Leinster to establish his authority. This article is about the country. ... Flanders (Dutch: ) is a large historical region overlapping Belgium, France and the Netherlands. ... Statistics Province: Leinster County Town: Wexford Code: WX Area: 2,352 km² Population (2006) 131,615 Website: www. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 52. ... The Spire at night WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Leinster County: Dáil Éireann: Dublin Central, Dublin North Central, Dublin North East, Dublin North West, Dublin South Central, Dublin South East European Parliament: Dublin Dialling Code: 01, +353 1 Postal District(s): D1-24, D6W Area: 114. ... Eva MacMurrough (b. ...

Pope Adrian IV, the first English pope, in one of his earliest acts, had already issued a Papal Bull in 1155, giving Henry authority to invade Ireland as a means of curbing ecclesiastical corruption and abuses. Little contemporary use, however, was made of the Bull Laudabiliter since its text enforced papal suzerainty not only over the island of Ireland but of all islands off of the European coast, including England, in virtue of the Constantinian donation. The relevant text reads: Adrian IV (also known as Hadrian IV), born Nicholas Breakspear ( 1100 - September 1, 1159) was pope from 1154 to 1159. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Wycliffe Tyndale · Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The Pope (from Latin... Papal bull of Pope Urban VIII, 1637, sealed with a leaden bulla. ... In 1155, Pope Adrian IV issued a papal bull Laudabiliter giving the English King Henry II lordship over Ireland. ...

"There is indeed no doubt, as thy Highness doth also acknowledge, that Ireland and all other islands which Christ the Sun of Righteousness has illumined, and which have received the doctrines of the Christian faith, belong to the jurisdiction of St. Peter and of the holy Roman Church".

References to Laudabiliter become more frequent in the later Tudor period when the researches of the renaissance humanist scholars cast doubt on the historicity of the Donation of Constantine. A 13th C. fresco of Sylvester and Constantine, showing the purported Donation. ...

Henry landed with a large fleet at Waterford in 1171, becoming the first King of England to set foot on Irish soil. Both Waterford and Dublin were proclaimed Royal Cities. Adrian's successor, Pope Alexander III ratified the grant of Irish lands to Henry in 1172. Henry awarded his Irish territories to his younger son, John, with the title Dominus Hiberniae ("Lord of Ireland"). When John unexpectedly succeeded his brother as king, the "Kingdom of Ireland" fell directly under the English Crown. WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 52. ... Events Saladin abolishes the Fatimid caliphate, restoring Sunni rule in Egypt. ... This is a list of British monarchs, that is, the monarchs on the thrones of some of the various kingdoms that have existed on, or incorporated, the island of Great Britain, namely: England (united with Wales from 1536) up to 1707; Scotland up to 1707; The Kingdom of Great Britain... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 52. ... The Spire at night WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Leinster County: Dáil Éireann: Dublin Central, Dublin North Central, Dublin North East, Dublin North West, Dublin South Central, Dublin South East European Parliament: Dublin Dialling Code: 01, +353 1 Postal District(s): D1-24, D6W Area: 114. ... Alexander III, né Orlando Bandinelli (c. ... This article is about the King of England. ...

Henry was happily acknowledged by most of the Irish Kings, who saw in him a chance to curb the expansion of both Leinster and the Hiberno-Normans. This led to the ratification of the Treaty of Windsor in 1175 between Henry and Ruaidhrí. However, with both Diarmuid and Strongbow dead (in 1171 and 1176 respectively), Henry back in England and Ruaidhrí unable to curb his nominal vassals, within two years it was not worth the vellum it was inscribed upon. John de Courcy invaded and gained much of east Ulster in 1177, Raymond le Gros had already captured Limerick and much of north Munster, while the other Norman families such as Prendergast, fitz Stephen, fitz Gerald, fitz Henry and le Poer were actively carving out virtual kingdoms for themselves. The term Hiberno-Norman is used of those Norman lords who settled in Ireland, admitting little if any real fealty to the Anglo-Norman settlers in England. ... The Treaty of Windsor in 1175 was an agreement between King Henry II of England and the last High King of Ireland, Rory OConnor. ... >>..John de Courcy. ... Events November 25 - Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Raynald of Chatillon defeat Saladin at the Battle of Montgisard. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Irish Grid Reference R574572 Statistics Province: Munster County: Area: 20. ...

Gallóglaigh

Main article: Gallowglass

The importation of galloglas into Ireland was a major factor in containing the Cambro-Norman invasion of the 12th century, as their ranks stiffened the resistance of the Irish lordships. Throughout the Middle Ages in Ireland, gallowglass troops were maintained by Gaelic Irish and Hiberno-Norman lords alike. Even the English Lord Deputy of Ireland usually kept a company of them in his service. The term Galloglas (or Gallowglass) is an Anglicisation of the Irish, Gallóglaigh (foreign soldiers), incorporating the word, Óglach, which is derived from oac, the Old Irish for youths, but later meaning soldier. The galloglas were a mercenary warrior élite among Gaelic-Norse clans residing in the highlands and Western... Cambro-Norman is a term used for Norman knights who settled in southern Wales after the Norman conquest of England in 1066. ... Official standard of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (also known as the Viceroy or in the Middle Ages as the Lord Deputy) was the head of Englands (pre-1707) or Britains (post 1707) administration in Ireland. ...

List of captains present at the Norman Invasion of Ireland

William Camden claims the following list of people present at the invasion.^[1] William Camden William Camden (May 2, 1551 - November 9, 1623) was an English antiquarian and historian. ...

Persons who collaborated with Dermot MacMorrogh during the Invasion of 1169

• Maurice de Prendergast
• Robert Barr
• Meiler Meilerine
• Maurice Fitz-Gerald
• Redmond nephew of Fitz-Stephen
• William Ferrand
• Miles de Cogan (Cogan)
• Gualter de Ridensford
• Gualter and Alexander sons of Maurice Fitz-Gerald
• William Notte
• Robert Fitz-Bernard
• Hugh Lacie
• William Fitz-Aldelm
• William Macarell
• Hemphrey Bohun
• Hugh De Gundevill
• Philip de Hasting
• Hugh Tirell
• David Walsh
• Robert Poer (First Poer le Poer in Ireland)
• Osbert de Herloter
• William de Bendenges
• Adam de Gernez
• Philip de Breos
• Griffin nephew of Fitz-Stephen
• Raulfe Fitz-Stephen
• Walter de Barry
• Philip Walsh
• Adam de Hereford
• Tommy De Downes

Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan[1] (c1100 - 1 September 1176) was a major figure in the Norman conquest of Ireland. ... See Also de Lacy Hugh de Lacy, Lord of Meath (died 25 July 1186, Durrow, Leinster) was granted the lands of the Kingdom of Meath by Henry II in 1172 under the Cambro-Norman invasion of Ireland. ...

Others claimed to have been present during the Invasion of 1169

• John Courcy
• Hugh Contilon
• Redmund Fitz-Hugh
• Miles of St. David's Walynus, a Welshman who came to Ireland with Maurice Fitzgerald
• Sir Robert Marmion, with Strongbow

Those present during the invasion of Henry II in 1172

• William de Wall
• Randolph FitzRalph, with FitzStephen
• Alice of Abervenny, with Raymond FitzWilliam Le Gros
• Richard de Cogan, with Strongbow
• Phillipe le Hore, with Strongbow
• Theobald Fitzwalter, with Henry II
• Robert de Bermingham, with Strongbow
• d'Evreux, with Strongbow
• Eustace Roger de Gernon, with Strongbow
• de la Chapelle (Supple)
• Gilbert d'Angulo and sons Jocelyn and Hostilo (Costello), with Strongbow.

a baron of Hugh Lacie (See Hugh Lacie above) The MacCostellos (Mac Oisdealbhaigh) were one of the first Anglo-Norman families in Connacht, settling in Mayo, in what became the Barony of Costello, which originally included part of neighboring County Roscommon (their sixteenth-century seat was near Ballaghadereen, now in Roscommon). They were the first of the Norman invaders to adopt a Gaelic name, which marks their descent from Oistealb, son of the famous Gilbert de Nangle (Latin: de Angulo), who was one of the first Anglo-Norman invaders. His family, the de Angulos, obtained vast estates in Meath, where they were Barons of Navan. The family thence spread into Leinster and Connacht, where the leading family adopted the Gaelic patronymic Mac Oisdealbhaigh, as we have seen. Those in Leinster, and those in Connacht that did not adopt this form, became Nangles (de Nogla); while those in Cork became Nagles. The Waldrons (Mac Bhaildrin) are a branch of the MacCostellos in Mayo

Notes

1. ^ William Camden (1610) Britannia

See also

• The Deeds of the Normans in Ireland
• History of Ireland
• Norman Ireland