NationMaster - Encyclopedia: North West Rebellion

The North-West Rebellion (or North-West Resistance or the Saskatchewan Rebellion) of 1885 was a brief and unsuccessful attempt by the Métis people of Saskatchewan to establish their own sovereign nation independent of the Dominion of Canada. The beginning of the Battle of Batoche during the North-West Rebellion of 1885. ... The beginning of the Battle of Batoche during the North-West Rebellion of 1885. ... The Battle of Batoche was the decisive Canadian victory over Métis rebels that led to the surrender of Louis Riel on May 15 and the collapse of his provisional governments resistance in the North-West Rebellion (the Cree, however, would continue to successfully engage Canadian authorities in the weeks... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... The Métis (pronounced MAY tee, SAMPA: [meti], in French: [metis] or, [mEtIs]) are an ethnic group of the Canadian prairies and Ontario. ... Motto: Multis E Gentibus Vires (Latin: From many peoples, strength) Official languages English Capital Regina Largest city Saskatoon Lieutenant-Governor Lynda M. Haverstock Premier Lorne Calvert (NDP) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 14 6 Area Total â€¢ Land â€¢ Water (% of total) Ranked 7th 651,036 kmÂ² 591,670 kmÂ² 59...

Background

After the so-called Red River Rebellion of 1869-1870, many of the Métis moved from Manitoba to Saskatchewan, then part of the Northwest Territories, founding a settlement at Batoche on the South Saskatchewan River. However, as in Manitoba, settlers from Ontario began to arrive, and land began to be arranged in the square concession system of English Canada, rather than the seigneurial system of strips along a river that the Métis learned from their French-Canadian ancestors. The MÃ©tis provisional government The Red River Rebellion of 1869 â€“ 1870 is the term most often used to describe the actions of a provisional government established by MÃ©tis leader Louis Riel in 1869 at the Red River Settlement in what is now the Canadian province of Manitoba. ... Motto: Gloriosus et Liber (Latin: Glorious and free) Official languages English Capital Winnipeg Largest city Winnipeg Lieutenant-Governor John Harvard Premier Gary Doer (NDP) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 14 6 Area Total â€¢ Land â€¢ Water (% of total) Ranked 8th 647,797 kmÂ² 553,556 kmÂ² 64,241 kmÂ² (14. ... Motto: None Official languages Dene Suline, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichin, Inuktitut, Slavey Capital Yellowknife Largest city Yellowknife Commissioner Tony Whitford Premier Joe Handley (Consensus government - no party affiliations) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 1 1 Area - Total - % water Ranked 3rd 1,346,106 kmÂ² 12. ... Batoche, Saskatchewan is the site of the historic Battle of Batoche, the last battlefield in the Northwest Rebellion of 1885. ... The Saskatchewan River is a major river in Canada, approximately 550 km (340 mi) long, flowing roughly eastward across Saskatchewan and Manitoba to drain into Lake Winnipeg. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English (French has some legal status, and is an official language of Canada, but is not fully co-official at the provincial level) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton... The seigneurial system of New France was the semi-feudal system of land distribution used in the colonies of New France . ... French Canadian or Canadiens historically refers to inhabitants of Canada who can trace their ancestry to the original French settlers of what is now the Province of Quebec. ...

In 1884 the Métis asked Louis Riel to return from the United States, where he had fled after the Red River Rebellion, to appeal to the government on their behalf. The government gave a vague response. In March of 1885, Riel, Gabriel Dumont, Honoré Jackson (also known as Will Jackson), and others set up a provisional government, believing that he could influence the federal government the same way he had in 1869. However, there was now a railway line across Canada, and the North West Mounted Police had been created. He lacked support from both the English settlers of the area and many of the non-Métis natives, and due to his belief that God had sent him back to Canada as a prophet, the Catholic Church no longer supported him either. The Catholic priest father Albert Lacombe obtained assurances from Crowfoot that his Blackfoot warriors would not participate. 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Louis Riel Louis David Riel (October 22, 1844 â€“ November 16, 1885), was a Canadian politician, a founder of the province of Manitoba, and leader of the MÃ©tis people of the Canadian prairies. ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Gabriel Dumont Gabriel Dumont (December, 1837 â€“ May 19, 1906) was a leader of the MÃ©tis people of what is now western Canada. ... HonorÃ© Jaxon, 1907, Chicago, Illinois William Henry Jackson (May 13, 1861 â€“ January 10, 1952), also known as HonorÃ© Jackson or Jaxon, was a leader of the North-West Rebellion in Canada in 1885. ... The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP or Mounties; French, Gendarmerie royale du Canada, GRC) is both the federal police force and the national police of Canada. ... Michelangelos depiction of God in the painting Creation of the Sun and Moon in the Sistine Chapel This article discusses the term God in the context of monotheism and derived henotheistic forms. ... The Roman Catholic Church (commonly known as the Catholic Church) is the Christian Church which is led by the Pope, the Bishop of Rome, currently Pope Benedict XVI. The Roman Catholic Church teaches that it is the one holy catholic and apostolic Church founded by Jesus Christ. ... Roman Catholic priest LCDR Allen R. Kuss (USN) aboard USS Enterprise A priest or priestess is a holy man or woman who takes an officiating role in worship of any religion, with the distinguishing characteristic of offering sacrifices. ... Father Albert Lacombe circa 1913. ... Crowfoot in 1887 Crowfoot (c. ... Bear Bull The Blackfoot Confederacy is the collective name of three First Nations in Alberta and one Native American tribe in Montana. ...

Battle of Duck Lake

On March 26, 1885, Dumont defeated a small group of English settlers and North-West Mounted Police led by superintendent Leif Newry Fitzroy Crozier at Duck Lake, outside Batoche. In response, the federal government sent 3000 troops under Major General Frederick Middleton to the area, where Middleton incorporated the 2000 English volunteers and NWMP who had organized themselves since Duck Lake. The Battle of Duck Lake is the name given to the skirmish between Métis warriors of Saskatchewan and Canadian government forces that signaled the beginning of the North-West Rebellion on March 26, 1885. ... March 26 is the 85th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (86th in leap years). ... The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP or Mounties; French, Gendarmerie royale du Canada, GRC) is both the federal police force and the national police of Canada. ... L.N.F. Crozier c. ... The Battle of Duck Lake is the name given to the skirmish between Métis warriors of Saskatchewan and Canadian government forces that signaled the beginning of the North-West Rebellion on March 26, 1885. ... Sir Frederick Middleton (November 4, 1825 - January 25, 1898) was a British general noted for his service throughout the Empire and particularly in the North-West Rebellion. ...

Battle of Fish Creek

On 24 April 1885 at Fish Creek, Saskatchewan, there was a major Métis victory over the government forces attempting to quell the Rebellion. The reversal, though not decisive enough to ultimately alter the outcome of the war, halted Major General Frederick Middleton's advance on Batoche, where the Métis would later make their final stand. The Battle of Fish Creek, fought April 24, 1885, was a major Saskatchewanian victory over the government forces attempting to quell Louis Riels North-West Rebellion. ... April 24 is the 114th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (115th in leap years). ... 1885 (MDCCCLXXXV) is a common year starting on Thursday. ... In Saskatchewan, Canada, a small body of water flowing into the South Saskatchewan River northeast of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. ...

Battle of Cut Knife

On May 2 Lieutenant Colonel William Otter was defeated by native chief Poundmaker at the Battle of Cut Knife near Battleford. The Battle of Cut Knife, fought on May 2nd, 1885, occurred when a small force of Cree and Assiniboine warriors were attacked by a flying column of mounted police, militia, and Canadian army regulars. ... May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). ... William Otter (December 3, 1843 - May 6, 1929) was a professional Canadian soldier who became the first Canadian-born commander of the countrys forces. ... Pitikwahanapiwiyin (or Poundmaker) (1842-1886) was a visionary Plains Cree chief known as a peacemaker and defender of his people. ... The Battle of Cut Knife, fought on May 2nd, 1885, occurred when a small force of Cree and Assiniboine warriors were attacked by a flying column of mounted police, militia, and Canadian army regulars. ... Battleford is a town located just across the river from North Battleford, Saskatchewan. ...

Battle of Batoche

On May 9 Middleton attacked Batoche itself. The Métis quickly ran out of ammunition and resorted to firing pebbles from their guns, until they were forced to retreat. Riel was captured on May 15, while Dumont, Jackson, and the other leaders fled across the border to the Montana region of the United States. The Battle of Batoche was the decisive Canadian victory over Métis rebels that led to the surrender of Louis Riel on May 15 and the collapse of his provisional governments resistance in the North-West Rebellion (the Cree, however, would continue to successfully engage Canadian authorities in the weeks... May 9 is the 129th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (130th in leap years). ... The Battle of Batoche was the decisive Canadian victory over Métis rebels that led to the surrender of Louis Riel on May 15 and the collapse of his provisional governments resistance in the North-West Rebellion (the Cree, however, would continue to successfully engage Canadian authorities in the weeks... May 15 is the 135th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (136th in leap years). ...

Battle of Frenchman's Butte

Meanwhile, Major General Thomas Bland Strange brought a NWMP detachment from Calgary, Alberta, but they were unable to defeat a native force under Big Bear at Frenchman's Butte at the end of May. The Battle of Frenchmans Butte, fought on May 28, 1885, occurred when a force of Cree, dug in on a hillside near Frenchmans Butte, was unsuccessfully attacked by the Alberta Field Force. ... Thomas Bland Strange in 1871 Thomas Bland Strange (15 September 1831 – 9 July 1925) was a British soldier noted for his service with the Canadian militia during the North-West Rebellion of 1885. ... Template:Hide = Motto: Template:Unhide = Onward Established: Date month, year Area: 789. ... Chief Mistahimaskwa, 1885 Big Bear or Mistahimaskwa (c. ... The Battle of Frenchmans Butte, fought on May 28, 1885, occurred when a force of Cree, dug in on a hillside near Frenchmans Butte, was unsuccessfully attacked by the Alberta Field Force. ...

Aftermath

Poundmaker and Big Bear later surrendered. The government was able to pacify the natives by sending them food and other supplies; Poundmaker and Big Bear were sentenced to prison, and eight other native leaders were hanged. Riel was tried and hanged as well, sparking a national controversy between French and English Canada. Metis and First Nations prisoners following the North-West Rebellion, August, 1885. ... Metis and First Nations prisoners following the North-West Rebellion, August, 1885. ... Court House during the trial The Trial of Louis Riel was arguably the most famous trial in the history of Canada. ...

The Canadian Pacific Railway played a key role in the Rebellion, transporting federal troops to the area in a fraction of the time that it took to send troops in response Riel's previous rebellion. The successful operation gave the foundering and incomplete railway enough political support to receive sufficient funds to finish the line completely. The Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR; AAR reporting marks CP, CPAA, CPI), known as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a Canadian Class I railway operated by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited. ...

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