NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Northeast Region, Brazil

The North East (Northeastern Brazil) is composed of the states of Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Maranhão, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte and Sergipe. The biggest cities are Salvador, Fortaleza and Recife, which are the regional metropolitan areas of the Nordeste, all with a population above a million inhabitants. The people who live there, are from there, or have family in the Brazilian Northeast, are called nordestinos. SÃ£o Miguel on a NASA satellite photo, with North to the top. ... Motto Antes morrer livres que em paz sujeitos Rather die free than in peace subjugated Anthem A Portuguesa (national) Hino dos AÃ§ores (local) Capital Ponta Delgada1 Angra do HeroÃsmo2 Horta3 Largest city Ponta Delgada Official languages Portuguese Government Autonomous region - President Carlos CÃ©sar Establishment - Settled 1439 - Autonomy... Nordeste (Portuguese for northeast hence the part of the island) is a city on the northeastern part of São Miguel Island in the Azores It has a population of 6,726 (as of 2001). ... Image File history File links Brasil_Nordeste_maploc. ... Image File history File links Brasil_Nordeste_maploc. ... Flag of Alagoas See other Brazilian States Capital MaceiÃ³ Largest City MaceiÃ³ Area 27 818 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2 822 621 101. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 13 070 250 23. ... Flag of CearÃ¡ See other Brazilian States Capital Fortaleza Largest City Fortaleza Area 148,016 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 6,500,000 43. ... MaranhÃ£o is one of the states of Brazil in the north-eastern region. ... Flag of ParaÃba See other Brazilian States Capital JoÃ£o Pessoa Largest City JoÃ£o Pessoa Area 56. ... Flag of Pernambuco See other Brazilian States Capital Recife Largest City Recife Area 98,281 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 7,918,344 80. ... Flag of PiauÃ See other Brazilian States Capital Teresina Largest City Teresina Area 250,934 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2,750,000 11 inh. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Norte See other Brazilian States Capital Natal Largest City Natal Area 53,015 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2,770,730 52. ... Flag of Sergipe See other Brazilian States Capital Aracaju Largest City Aracaju Area 21,994 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 1,712,786 77. ... Salvador and BaÃa de Todos os Santos from space, April 1997 Salvador (in full, SÃ£o Salvador da BaÃa de Todos os Santos, or in literal translation: Holy Savior of All Saints Bay) is a city on the northeast coast of Brazil and the capital of the northeastern... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Nickname: Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice) and MauricÃ©ia/Mauritzstad (after the Dutch colonization) Motto: Ut luceat omnibus Latin: That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15) Location in Brazil Founded March 12, 1537 Incorporated (as village) 1709 Incorporated (as city) 1823 Government - Mayor JoÃ£o Paulo Lima e Silva...

General information

Salvador (meaning saviour in Spanish and Portuguese) can be: the Central American nation of El Salvador. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Nickname: Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice) and MauricÃ©ia/Mauritzstad (after the Dutch colonization) Motto: Ut luceat omnibus Latin: That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15) Location in Brazil Founded March 12, 1537 Incorporated (as village) 1709 Incorporated (as city) 1823 Government - Mayor JoÃ£o Paulo Lima e Silva... SÃ£o LuÃs is the capital of the state of MaranhÃ£o, Brazil. ... Maceio, Brazil. ... Via Costeira, Natal. ... Teresina (formerly written Theresina) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of PiauÃ and the only inland capital in the northeastern region of the country. ... Considered the second greenest city in the world. ... JaboatÃ£o dos Guararapes is a city in Pernambuco, Brazil. ... Aracaju is the capital city of the Sergipe State in Brazil. ... Feira de Santana is a city in Bahia, Brazil. ... Igreja da Sé Ruas de Olinda Olinda (means oh beautiful) is a city in Pernambuco, Brazil, next to Recife and Paulista. ... Campina Grande (population circa 400,000) is a city in northeastern Brazil. ...

History

The Northeast was primarily inhabited by indigenous peoples, mostly from the Tupi-Guarani family, who, before the colonial era, helped Europeans with the extraction of brazilwood from the coastal rainforest (or mata atlântica) in exchange for spices. But as colonization and commercial interest intensified in the region the number of Indians became drastically reduced due to the constant battles with the owners of the large sugar mills. Conflicts arose because the settlers had displaced the native inhabitants and then tried to enslave them as labor in the fields. The Portuguese colonials then considered the idea of importing black African slaves to use as manual labor. To this day culture in Northeast Brazil remains fully permeated by this African influence. This article is in need of attention. ... Brazilwood is a common name for several trees of the family Leguminosae (Pulse family) whose wood yields a red dye called brazilein. ...

The Northeast was the first area of discovery in Brazil, roughly 1,500 Portuguese having arrived on April 22, 1500 under the command of Pedro Álvares Cabral at Porto Seguro, in the state of Bahia. April 22 is the 112th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (113th in leap years). ... 1500 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pedro Ãlvares Cabral. ... See also Agbodrafo for the city in Togo formerly known as Porto Seguro. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 13 070 250 23. ...

The coast of the Northeast was the stage for the first economic activity of the country, namely the extraction and export of pau Brasil, or brazilwood. Brazilwood was highly valued in Europe where it was used to make violin bows (especially the Pau de Pernambuco variety) and for the red dye it produced. Countries like France, who disagreed with the Treaty of Tordesillas, (a papal bull decreed by the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI in 1493 which sought to divide the South American continent between the Spanish and the Portuguese), launched constant attacks against the coast with the objective of stealing the wood. The Treaty of Tordesillas (Portuguese: Tratado de Tordesilhas, Spanish: Tratado de Tordesillas), signed at Tordesillas (now in Valladolid province, Spain), June 7, 1494, divided the world outside of Europe into an exclusive duopoly between the Spanish and the Portuguese along a north-south meridian 370 leagues (1550 km) west of... Pope Alexander VI (1 January 1431 â€“ 18 August 1503), born Roderic Borja (Italian: Borgia), (reigned from 1492 to 1503), is the most controversial of the secular popes of the Renaissance and one whose surname became a byword for the debased standards of the papacy of that era. ...

French colonists not only tried to settle in present-day Rio de Janeiro, from 1555 to 1567 (the so-called France Antarctique episode), but also in present-day São Luís, from 1612 to 1614 (the so-called France Equinoxiale). The Dutch, also opposed to the Treaty of Tordesillas, plundered the Northeast coast, sacked Bahia in 1604, and even temporarily captured Salvador. From 1630 to 1654 the Dutch set up more permanently in the Northeast and controlled a long stretch of coast that was most accessible to Europe without, however, penetrating the interior. But the colonists of the Dutch West India Company in Brazil were in a constant siege despite the presence in Recife of the great Maurice of Nassau as governor. This article is about the Brazilian city. ... France Antarctique was the name of the failed French colony south of the Equator, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, which existed between 1555 and 1567. ... SÃ£o LuÃs is the capital of the state of MaranhÃ£o, Brazil. ... Equinoxial France was the contemporary name given to the colonization efforts of France in the 17th century in South America, around the line of Equator, before tropical had fully gained its modern meaning: Equinoctial means in Latin of equal nights, i. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... Dutch West India Company (Dutch: West-Indische Compagnie or WIC) was a company of Dutch merchants. ... Nickname: Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice) and MauricÃ©ia/Mauritzstad (after the Dutch colonization) Motto: Ut luceat omnibus Latin: That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15) Location in Brazil Founded March 12, 1537 Incorporated (as village) 1709 Incorporated (as city) 1823 Government - Mayor JoÃ£o Paulo Lima e Silva... Maurice of Nassau (in Dutch Maurits van Nassau) (14 November 1567–23 April 1625), Prince of Orange (1618–1625), son of William the Silent and Princess Anna of Saxony, was born at the castle of Dillenburg. ...

Slave resistance began during the colonial era, in the seventeenth century, and eventually led to the formation of quilombos, or settlements of runaway and free-born African slaves. The Quilombo dos Palmares, the largest and most well-known of these settlements, was founded around 1600 in the Serra da Barriga hills, in the present state of Alagoas. Palmares, at the height of its power, was an independent, self-sustaining republic, hosting a population of over 30,000 free African men, women and children. There were over 200 buildings in the community, a church, four smithies, and a council house. Although Palmares managed to defend itself from the Dutch military and the Portuguese colonials for several decades, it was finally taken and destroyed and its leader Zumbi dos Palmares was captured and beheaded. His head was then displayed in a public plaza in Recife. A quilombo (from a Kimbundu word) is a hinterland settlement originally created by runaway slaves in Brazil and sometimes included a minority of marginalised Portuguese and other non-black, non-slave Brazilians. ... Zumbi (1655 - November 20, 1695, pronounced: Zoom-bee) was the last of the leaders of Quilombo dos Palmares, in the present-day state of Alagoas, Brazil. ... 1600 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... Flag of Alagoas See other Brazilian States Capital MaceiÃ³ Largest City MaceiÃ³ Area 27 818 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2 822 621 101. ... Zumbi (1655 - November 20, 1695, pronounced: ) was the last of the leaders of the Quilombo dos Palmares, in the present-day state of Alagoas, Brazil. ...

Besides being Brazil’s main sea port, Brazil's center of the African slave trade, a center of the sugar industry, and the seat of the first Catholic bishop of Brazil (in 1552) the city of Salvador was also the first general seat of government in Brazil as it is strategically located in the center of the eastern coast of the country. The government in Salvador sought to centralize power in an effort to support the various captaincies, geographical subdivisions that preceded the present states of Brazil, which at this time were in a state of crisis. Salvador remained the colonial capital until 1763 when it was succeeded by Rio de Janeiro, the new economic power center of that era. Events April - War between Henry II of France and Emperor Charles V. Henry invades Lorraine and captures Toul, Metz, and Verdun. ... 1763 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...

States & Capitals

Urban Areas x Rural Areas

Nordeste's major cities are almost all on the Atlantic coast. Some exceptions can be seen, however, like Petrolina, Pernambuco, which lies immediately south of the São Francisco River (one of the few rivers that crosses the sertão and doesn't dry in the arid periods of time which can be quite long). Another example is the city of Teresina in the state of Piauí, a city notorious for its sweltering heat. Petrolina is a city located on Pernambuco state, Brazil It is placed on the left bank of Rio SÃ£o Francisco Population: 188,700 inhabitants Total area: 6. ... Flag of Pernambuco See other Brazilian States Capital Recife Largest City Recife Area 98,281 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 7,918,344 80. ... The SÃ£o Francisco River is a river in Brazil with a length of 3,160 kilometres. ... In Brazil, the sertÃ£o (meaning backland in Portuguese) refers to the semi-arid region comprising parts of the states of Bahia, Pernambuco, ParaÃba, Rio Grande do Norte, CearÃ¡ and PiauÃ. The plural of sertÃ£o is sertÃµes. ... Teresina (formerly written Theresina) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of PiauÃ and the only inland capital in the northeastern region of the country. ... Flag of PiauÃ See other Brazilian States Capital Teresina Largest City Teresina Area 250,934 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2,750,000 11 inh. ...

Good rural areas are scarce and generally they are all near the coast, or in the west of Maranhão, and are mainly used for exportation products. In the semi-arid areas of the Northeast Region, rural areas do exist, but rain is scarce in the region; rural areas in the interior are generally based on subsistence agriculture. Fazendas (large farms) are common in the interior, where cattle-rasing and the cultivation of tropical fruit is often practiced. Also, in the areas where water is scarce local politicians often use the promise of irrigation projects as a bargaining chip to win elections.

Economy

The economy is based on tourism (in coastal or historical cities) or agriculture. The tourist industry is based largely on the numerous sandy beaches, numbering in the hundreds. These beautiful powder-white nipples of my nans when she lay down on sandy beaches attract thousands of tourists per year, not only from other regions of Brazil but also many from Europe (especially Italy and Germany), the U.S.A., and Australia. Major industries (clothing, food, small machinery) are in the main metropolitan areas of Northeast.

Climate

Brazil's Northeast region can be characterized as arid for relatively long periods of time in the interior of the continent, with the coast and the southern areas having a more humid climate. Temperatures throughout the year are usually quite warm, with some cooling during the rainy seasons. The beginning and end of the different rainy seasons vary throughout the region but most last about four months.

Culture

Nordeste has a rich culture, with its unique constructions in the old centers of Salvador, Recife and Olinda, dance (frevo and maracatu), music (axé and forró) and unique cuisine. Dishes particular to the region include carne de sol, farofa, acarajé, vatapá, paçoca, canjica, pamonha, moqueca capixaba, quibebe, bolo de fubá cozido, sururu de capote and many others. Salvador was the first Brazilian capital. The festival of São João (Saint John), one of the festas juninas, is especially popular in the Northeast, particularly in Caruaru, in the state of Pernambuco and Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba. The Bumba-Meu-Boi festival is also popular, especially in the state of Maranhão. During the Bumba-Meu-Bói festival in the city of São Luis do Maranhão and its environs there are many different groups, with elaborate costumes and different styles of music, which are called sotaques: sotaque de orquestra, as the names implies, uses an orchestra of saxophones, clarinets, flutes, banjos, drums, etc; sotaque de zabumba employs primarily very large drums; and sotaque de matraca, a percussion instrument made of two pieces of wood that you carry in your hands and hit against each other. Some matracas are very large and are carried around the neck. Most major cities in the Northeast also hold an off-season carnaval, such as the Carnatal in Natal or the Fortal in Fortaleza. Nickname: Veneza Brasileira (Brazilian Venice) and MauricÃ©ia/Mauritzstad (after the Dutch colonization) Motto: Ut luceat omnibus Latin: That it may shine on all (Matthew 5:15) Location in Brazil Founded March 12, 1537 Incorporated (as village) 1709 Incorporated (as city) 1823 Government - Mayor JoÃ£o Paulo Lima e Silva... Igreja da Sé Ruas de Olinda Olinda (means oh beautiful) is a city in Pernambuco, Brazil, next to Recife and Paulista. ... Frevo describes is a wide range of musical styles originating from Recife, Brazil, all of which are traditionally associated with Carnaval. ... Maracatú is a term common to two distinct performance genres found in Pernambuco state in northeastern Brazil: maracatú nação and maracatú rural. ... Carne de sol (Spanish for meat of the sun) is a dish from Northeastern Brazil. ... Farofa is a widely varying flavoring dish conumend in South America. ... AcarajÃ©. AcarajÃ© is a dish of the Brazilian cuisine. ... VatapÃ¡ is Brazilian food made from shrimp, coconut milk, palm oil and nuts (peanuts and/or cashews) mashed into a creamy paste. ... PaÃ§oca can name two totally different Brazilian dishes: In Northeastern Brazil, specially in Fortaleza, CearÃ¡, itÂ´s a speciality dish made of Carne de Sol (sun-dried beef), cassava flour and red onions, all of this grinded in a mortar (pilÃ£o), reason for itÂ´s also known as... Canjica dry beans. ... Pamonha is a traditional Brazilian food. ... Moqueca Capixaba is the state dish of EspÃrito Santo, in Brazil. ... Quibebe is a dish from Northeastern Brazil. ... This article is about a city that serves as a center of government and politics. ... There are parishes that have the name SÃ£o JoÃ£o (Portuguese for Saint John): In the Azores SÃ£o JoÃ£o, a parish in the district of Lajes do Pico In Brazil Cedro de SÃ£o JoÃ£o, Sergipe Mata de SÃ£o JoÃ£o, Bahia SÃ£o Jo... Clay sculptures. ... Flag of Pernambuco See other Brazilian States Capital Recife Largest City Recife Area 98,281 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 7,918,344 80. ... Campina Grande (population circa 400,000) is a city in northeastern Brazil. ... Flag of ParaÃba See other Brazilian States Capital JoÃ£o Pessoa Largest City JoÃ£o Pessoa Area 56. ... Boi is a style of Central Amazonian folk music now moving into the mainstream in Brazil. ... MaranhÃ£o is one of the states of Brazil in the north-eastern region. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Via Costeira, Natal. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

Sertão Nordestino (North-Eastern Backlands)

People who live in these arid areas generally don't have enough water for their subsistence and need to walk long distances to obtain it. Many times these people, who are generally poor, give up and go to live in the big cities like São Paulo, Salvador or Rio de Janeiro. A well known case is that of the current Brazilian president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who lived in Pernambuco, and moved early in childhood with the family to Santos, where he worked in the streets in his teens. A well-known Brazilian poet named João Cabral de Melo Neto, who was born in Recife, wrote poems such as Morte e Vida Severina, Cemitério Pernambucano, and A Educação Pela Pedra, that illustrate well the bleak living conditions of these arid backlands. Impact from a water drop causes an upward rebound jet surrounded by circular capillary waves. ... The following is a list of subsistence techniques: Hunting and Gathering, also known as Foraging freeganism involves gathering of discarded food in the context of an urban environment gleaning involves the gathering of food that traditional farmers have left behind in their fields Cultivation Horticulture - plant cultivation, based on the... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Salvador (meaning saviour in Spanish and Portuguese) can be: the Central American nation of El Salvador. ... This article is about the Brazilian city. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... For the Australian oil company, see Santos Limited; for the football team, see Santos Futebol Clube. ... JoÃ£o Cabral de Melo Neto (1920-1999) was born in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, and is considered one of the greatest Brazilian poets of all time. ...

Urban Migration

In São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, as well as many other parts of the metropolitan areas of Brazil outside of the Northeast, nordestinos are often not well liked by people of the middle and upper classes, who claim that the nordestinos are responsible for many of the social problems of the city.

Generally, nordestinos in hope of a better life come without much money, and are rejected by most employers due to their low or nonexistent education. Quickly realizing that the big city is as bad or worse than the sertão, they end up in favelas (slums). Many of them then return to their former hometowns in the Northeast once they've collected sufficient money to do so. Conversely, many Brazilians who live outside the Northeast often go there to vacation on the beaches. In Brazil, the sertÃ£o (meaning backland in Portuguese) refers to the semi-arid region comprising parts of the states of Bahia, Pernambuco, ParaÃba, Rio Grande do Norte, CearÃ¡ and PiauÃ. The plural of sertÃ£o is sertÃµes. ... A Rio de Janeiro favela Favela is a term commonly used in Brazil to describe squatter areas such as shanty towns and slums. ... A slum is an overcrowded and squalid district of a city or town usually inhabited by the very poor. ...

Social Problems

The Northeast is the poorest region of Brazil, with the worst HDI rates of the country, mainly in the rural areas, which suffer from long periods without rain. This is somewhat ironic since the Northeast, during Brazil's colonial era when sugar production was higher, was the most prosperous region in all of South America. Education and health care are very bad when they exist, malnutrition is common in people living in these areas, literacy is about 75% and child labor is a concern, as is child prostitution in major cities. Prostitution in the major cities has become an enormous problem, caused largely by the low Brazilian minimum wage as well as sexual tourism. In contrast to the situation occurring in the other Brazilian regions where social problems are worse in bigger cities, social problems in the Northeast regions are worse in the rural and small communities of the interior, lessening in bigger cities near the coast. Some diseases are still common such as tuberculosis and yellow fever and there have been several recent outbreaks of widespread dengue fever especially along the eastern seaboard and otherwise near watery areas where the Aedes aegypti mosquito breeds. Brazil's Ministry of Health, with limited resources, has tried to combat these outbreaks. The UN Human Development Index (HDI) measures poverty, literacy, education, life expectancy, and other factors. ... Health care or healthcare is the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well-being through the services offered by the medical, nursing, and allied health professions. ... Percentage of population affected by malnutrition by country, according to United Nations statistics. ... World literacy rates by country The traditional definition of literacy is considered to be the ability to read and write, or the ability to use language to read, write, listen, and speak. ... Child laborers coming out of a dye factory, Dhaka, Bangladesh Child labor (or child labour) is the employment of children under an age determined by law or custom. ... The Optional protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography to the Convention on the Rights of the Child states that the prostitution of children or child prostitution is the practice whereby a child is used by others for sexual activities in return for remuneration or any... The minimum wage is the minimum rate a worker can legally be paid (usually per hour) as opposed to wages that are determined by the forces of supply and demand in a free market. ... Sex tourism is tourism, partially or fully for the purpose of having sex, often with prostitutes. ... Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for Tubercle Bacillus) is a common and deadly infectious disease that is caused by mycobacteria, primarily Mycobacterium tuberculosis. ... Dengue fever (IPA: ) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are acute febrile diseases, found in the tropics, with a geographical spread similar to malaria. ... joyce This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ...

See also

Brazil is currently divided in five regions, by the IBGE. These divisions are composed by states with similar cultural, economical, historical and social aspects, and although thru the scientific point of view information given by this type of division is not very accurate, because official information given by the IBGE...

External links

Categories: Articles lacking sources from July 2006 | All articles lacking sources | Regions of Brazil Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The Indigenous peoples in Brazil (povos indÃgenas in Portuguese) comprise a large number of distinct ethnic groups who inhabited the countrys present territory prior to its discovery by Europeans around 1500. ... // The Age of Exploration The discovery of Brazil was preceded by a series of treaties between the kings of Portugal and Castille, the last of them is the Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, creating the Tordesillas Meridian, that divided the world between that two kingdoms. ... After its independence from the Portuguese on September 7, 1822, Brazil became a monarchy, the Brazilian Empire, which lasted until the establishment of the Republican government on November 15, 1889. ... // The Constitutionalist Revolution From 1889 to 1930, the government was a constitutional democracy, with the presidency alternating between the dominant states of SÃ£o Paulo and Minas Gerais. ... // Depression, coffee oligarchs, and the Revolution of 1930 The Great Depression The tenente rebellion (See History of Brazil (1889-1930)) did not mark the revolutionary breakthrough of Brazils bourgeois social reformers. ... // End of the Estado Novo As World War II ended with Brazil participating on the Allied side, President GetÃºlio Vargas moved to liberalize his own fascist-influenced Estado Novo regime. ... The military maintained power in Brazil from 1964 until March 1985 because of political struggles within the regime and Brazilian elite. ... After the end of the military dictatorship, Brazil went into a troubled process of redemocratization. ... Politics of Brazil takes place in a framework of a federal presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of Brazil is both head of state and head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. ... Brazilian Presidential Standard The first president of Brazil was Deodoro da Fonseca, who proclaimed the republic in a military coup detÃ¢t against the Emperor Dom Pedro II. Since then, Brazil had six constitutions, two dictatorships and three democratic periods. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... National flag and ensign. ... The Coat of Arms of Brazil was created in November 19, 1889, 4 days after Brazil became a republic. ... This article lists political parties in Brazil. ... Banco do Brasil branch. ... Caixa EconÃ´mica Federal, also reffered to as CAIXA, is a Brazilian bank, one of the largest publicly-owned banks in Latin America. ... Embraer, the Empresa Brasileira de AeronÃ¡utica S.A. is a Brazilian aircraft manufacturer. ... Petrobras, short for PetrÃ³leo Brasileiro S.A., is a government-owned Brazilian oil company headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. ... Companhia Vale do Rio Doce Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CVRD) is the largest mining company in the americas. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Brazil is currently divided in five regions, by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Image:Brasil Norte vincent harley rocks maploc. ... The southern region of Brazil is one of the five administrative regions of Brazil. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that List of the states of Brazil by area, List of the states of Brazil by population, List of the states of Brazil by population density, List of Brazilian states by GDP, List of the states of Brazil by GDP per capita, List of the states... Flag of Acre See other Brazilian States Capital Rio Branco Largest City Rio Branco Area 152 522 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 557 526 3. ... Flag of Alagoas See other Brazilian States Capital MaceiÃ³ Largest City MaceiÃ³ Area 27 818 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2 822 621 101. ... Flag of AmapÃ¡ See other Brazilian States Capital MacapÃ¡ Largest City MacapÃ¡ Area 142 816 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 477 032 3. ... Flag of Amazonas See other Brazilian States Capital Manaus Largest City Manaus Area 1 570 947 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 3,332,330 inh. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 13 070 250 23. ... Flag of CearÃ¡ See other Brazilian States Capital Fortaleza Largest City Fortaleza Area 148,016 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 6,500,000 43. ... Flag of EspÃrito Santo See other Brazilian States Capital VitÃ³ria Largest City Vila Velha Area 46,184 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 3 097 232 58. ... The Brazilian Federal District (in Portuguese, Distrito Federal) is set apart for BrasÃlia, the capital of Brazil. ... Flag of GoiÃ¡s See other Brazilian States Capital GoiÃ¢nia Largest City GoiÃ¢nia Area 341 289 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 4 848 725 14. ... MaranhÃ£o is one of the states of Brazil in the north-eastern region. ... Flag of Mato Grosso See other Brazilian States Capital CuiabÃ¡ Largest City CuiabÃ¡ Area 906,806. ... Flag of Mato Grosso do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Campo Grande Largest City Campo Grande Area 358,158. ... Flag of Minas Gerais See other Brazilian States Capital Belo Horizonte Largest City Belo Horizonte Area 586,528. ... Flag of ParÃ¡ See other Brazilian States Capital BelÃ©m Largest City BelÃ©m Area 1. ... Flag of ParaÃba See other Brazilian States Capital JoÃ£o Pessoa Largest City JoÃ£o Pessoa Area 56. ... Flag of ParanÃ¡ See other Brazilian States Capital Curitiba Largest City Curitiba Area 199,544 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 9,150,000 48 inh. ... Flag of Pernambuco See other Brazilian States Capital Recife Largest City Recife Area 98,281 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 7,918,344 80. ... Flag of PiauÃ See other Brazilian States Capital Teresina Largest City Teresina Area 250,934 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2,750,000 11 inh. ... Flag of Rio de Janeiro See other Brazilian States Capital Rio de Janeiro Largest City Rio de Janeiro Area 43,696. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Norte See other Brazilian States Capital Natal Largest City Natal Area 53,015 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 2,770,730 52. ... Flag of Rio Grande do Sul See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Alegre Largest City Porto Alegre Area 282,062 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 10. ... Flag of RondÃ´nia See other Brazilian States Capital Porto Velho Largest City Porto Velho Area 238,512. ... Flag of Roraima See other Brazilian States Capital Boa Vista Largest City Boa Vista Area 225,116. ... Flag of Santa Catarina See other Brazilian States Capital FlorianÃ³polis Largest City Joinville Area 95,442. ... Flag of SÃ£o Paulo See other Brazilian States Capital SÃ£o Paulo Largest City SÃ£o Paulo City Area 248,176. ... Flag of Sergipe See other Brazilian States Capital Aracaju Largest City Aracaju Area 21,994 kmÂ² Population - Total - Density 1,712,786 77. ... Tocantins is one of the states of Brazil. ... The Saint Peter and Paul Rocks lie near the middle of the Atlantic Narrows. ... Rocas Atoll ( Atol das Rocas) is an atoll in the Atlantic Ocean at location 03Â°52â€²S 33Â°49â€²W. It is part of Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. ... Aerial view of the island from the north east Image:Orthographic projection centred over Fernando de Noronha Fernando de Noronha is an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, around 220 miles (354 km) offshore from the Brazilian coast. ... The islands of Trindade and Martim Vaz (also called Martin Vaz), which are located 715 km East of VitÃ³ria in the Southern Atlantic Ocean, belong to the Brazilian state of EspÃrito Santo. ... A river in the Amazon rainforest The Amazon is a rainforest in South America. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into SertÃ£o. ... The cerrado (Portuguese: thick, dense) is a vast area of savanna-like grasslands in Brazil. ... A typical ecosystem of Mata AtlÃ¢ntica at Serra do Mar Mata AtlÃ¢ntica is the Atlantic Rain Forest formerly covering the wet coastal hills along the Atlantic coast of Brazil (mostly in the Serra do Mar). ... The pampas (from Quechua for plain) are the fertile lowlands that extend across c. ... The Pantanal is the worldâ€™s largest wetland area, a flat landscape, with gently sloping and meandering rivers. ... The neutrality of this article is disputed. ... // Brazil has conducted a periodical population census since 1872. ... Afro-Brazilian or African Brazilian is the term used to racially categorise Brazilian citizens who are black or part-black, yet it is rarely used in Brazil. ... Asian Brazilian is a Brazilian-born person of Asian descent. ... Brazilian culture is a Latin American culture of a very diverse nature. ... Mangueira samba school parades in Rio de Janeiro The Brazilian Carnival (Portuguese: ) is an annual celebration in Brazil held 40 days before Easter and marks the beginning of Lent. ... Traditional dishes in different areas of Brazil The population of Brazil is a racial mix of native Amerindians, Portuguese people, Africans, Italians, Spaniards, German people, Syrians, Lebanese and Japanese among others. ... Other holidays Dia dos Namorados is celebrated on June 12 as the Brazilian equivalent of St. ... The Literature of Brazil refers to literature written in the Portuguese language by Brazilians or in Brazil, even if prior to Brazils independence from Portugal, in 1822. ... Strong influences on the music of Brazil come from many parts of the world, but there are very popular regional music styles influenced by African and European forms. ... The beaches of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the most popular tourist destination in the country. ... VLSat Itaipu Brazilian science and technology has achieved in the last decades a significant position in the international arena. ... The Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa AgropecuÃ¡ria (Brazilian Enterprise of Agropecuary Research) is a state-owned company affiliated to the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, which is devoted to pure and applied research on agriculture. ... The National Institute for Space Research (INPE) is a search unit of the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (MCT), whose main goals lie in fostering scientific research and technological applications and in qualifying personnel in the fields of Space and Atmospheric Sciences and Applications and Space Engineering and Space... Instituto Butantan is a Brazilian biomedical research center affiliated to the SÃ£o Paulo State Secretary of Health. ... Instituto Oswaldo Cruz is a scientific institution for research and development in biomedical sciences located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ... Gasoline on the left, alcohol on the right at a filling station in Brazil In Brazil, ethanol fuel is produced from sugar cane which is a more efficient source of fermentable carbohydrates than corn as well as much easier to grow and process. ... Fazenda is a parish in the district of Lajes das Flores, in the Azores. ... Telephones - main lines in use: 19 million (1997) 39 million (2005) Telephones - mobile cellular: 4 million (1997) 80 million (2005) Telephone system: good working system domestic: extensive microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 64 earth stations international: 3 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat...

Encyclopedia > Northeast Region, Brazil

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