The Novaya Zemlya effect is basically a polar mirage, caused by high refraction of sunlight between atmospheric thermoclines. The Novaya Zemlya effect will give the impression that the sun is rising earlier than it actually should (astronomically speaking) and depending on the meteorological situation the effect will present the sun as a line or a square, made up of flattened hourglass shapes. A road mirage, a type of inferior mirage A mirage is an optical phenomenon which often occurs naturally. ... Refraction in a Perspex (acrylic) block. ... The thermocline is a layer within a body of water where the temperature changes rapidly with depth. ... Cumulus clouds Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere that focuses on weather processes and forecasting. ...
The first person to observe and describe the phenomenon was Gerrit de Veer, a member of Willem Barents ill-fated third expedition into the polar region. Willem Barents (1550? -- June 20, 1597, Dutch name Barentsz) was a Dutch navigator and explorer, leader of early expeditions in far northern waters. ...
NovayaZemlya (Russian: Но́вая Земля́, "New Land"; formerly known in Dutch and English as Nova Zembla) is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe (see also extreme points of Europe).
NovayaZemlya consists of two major islands, separated by the narrow Matochkin Strait, and a number of smaller ones.
NovayaZemlya separates the Barents Sea from the Kara Sea.
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