Nucleons (protons and neutrons) are spin=1/2 subatomic particles, composed of quarks. In the late 1980s, the European Muon Collaboration conducted experiments that evidenced that the spin carried by the quarks is not sufficient to justify the total spin of the nucleons. In physics a nucleon is a collective name for two baryons: the neutron and the proton. ... In physics, the proton (Greek proton = first) is a subatomic particle with an electric charge of one positive fundamental unit (1. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... In physics, spin refers to the angular momentum intrinsic to a body, as opposed to orbital angular momentum, which is the motion of its center of mass about an external point. ... A subatomic particle is a particle smaller than an atom: it may be elementary or composite. ... These are the six flavors of quarks and their most likely decay modes. ... This article cites very few or no references or sources. ... The European Muon Collaboration (EMC) is a group that conducts high energy particle physics experiments at CERN. In 1983, it discovered that nucleons inside an nucleus have a different distribution of momentum among their component quarks. ...
The research on these topics has been continued by the Spin Muon Collaboration (SMC) at CERN, by Hermes at DESY, by Compass at CERN, and others. The DESY (Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, German Electron Synchrotron) is the biggest German research center for particle physics, with sites in Hamburg and Zeuthen. ... The DESY (Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, German Electron Synchrotron) is the biggest German research center for particle physics, with sites in Hamburg and Zeuthen. ...
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