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Nursultan Nazarbayev Нұрсұлтан Назарбаев
1st President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Incumbent
Assumed office  1991
Preceded by	Gennady Kolbin (As Secretary General of the Communist Party the Kazakh SSR)
Born	July 6, 1940 (1940-07-06) (age 66) Chemolgan, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union, present-day Kazakhstan
Political party	Nur-Otan
Spouse	Sara Alpysovna

Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev (Kazakh: Нұрсұлтан Әбішұлы Назарбаев [Nûrsûltan Äbîshûlâ Nazarbayev]; Russian: Нурсултан Абишевич Назарбаев [Nursultan Abishyevic Nazarbayev] (born 6 July 1940 in Chemolgan, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union) has served as the President of Kazakhstan since the Fall of the Soviet Union and the nation's independence in 1991. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (705x1014, 147 KB) Summary Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan, during a visit to the Pentagon on November 17, 1997. ... List of Presidents of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990 - present) See also Politics of Kazakhstan Categories: Stub | Kazakhstan ... The incumbent, in politics, is the current holder of a political office. ... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ... Gennady Kolbin (Геннадий Колбин, 1927-1998) was the first secretary of the Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakh SSR from December 16, 1986 to June 22, 1989. ... July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 178 days remaining. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Chemolgans that city is Words of Russian means(Красные Пески)is formeans an Central Asia is ... State motto: Барлық елдердің пролетарлары, бірігіңдер! (Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None. ... Fatherlands Ray of Light (Nur-Otan) is the largest political party in Kazakhstan, led by Bakhytzhan Zhumagulov with over 762,000 members. ... Sara Alpysovna (born 9 January, 1941, in Kzyl-Zhar, Kazakhstan) is the First Lady of Kazakhstan and wife of President Nursultan Nazarbayev. ... Kazakh (also Qazaq and variants[2], natively , , ‎) is a Western Turkic language closely related to Nogai and Karakalpak. ... July 6 is the 187th day of the year (188th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 178 days remaining. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Chemolgans that city is Words of Russian means(Красные Пески)is formeans an Central Asia is ... State motto: Барлық елдердің пролетарлары, бірігіңдер! (Workers of the world, unite!) Official language None. ... List of Presidents of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev (1990 - present) See also Politics of Kazakhstan Categories: Stub | Kazakhstan ... The rise of Gorbachev Although reform stalled between 1964–1982, the generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ...

In 1984 Nazarbayev became the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, working under Dinmukhamed Kunayev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan.^[1] He served as First Secretary of the Kazakh Communist Party from 1989 to 1991. He has long professed to be an atheist, but has tried to highlight his "Muslim heritage" since the late 1990s while trying to combat Islamic terrorism in Kazakhstan.^[2] A Chairman is the presiding officer of a meeting, organization, committee, or other deliberative body. ... The Council of the European Union forms, along with the European Parliament, the legislative arm of the European Union (EU). ... Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev (January 12, 1912 (December 31, 1911, old calendar) - August 22, 1993) was a Kazakh Soviet Communist political figure; secretary-general of the Kazakh Communist Party 1960-1962, 1964-1986. ... First Secretary may refer to: First Minister General Secretary 1st Secretary Categories: Disambiguation ... The Communist Party of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Kommunistik Partiyasi) is a political party in Kazakhstan. ... For information about the band, see Atheist (band). ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... For the band, see 1990s (band). ... Counter-terrorism in Kazakhstan plays an increasingly important role in in Kazakhstans relations with the United States and the United Kingdom,[1] which are at an all time high. ...

Rise to power

Main article: Zheltoqsan

Nazarbayev criticized Askar Kunayev, head of the Academy of Sciences, at the 16th session of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan in January 1986 for not reforming his department. Dinmukhamed Kunayev, Nazarbayev's boss and Askar's brother, felt deeply angered and betrayed. Kunayev went to Moscow and demanded Nazarbayev's dismissal while Nazarbayev's supporters campaigned for Kunayev's dismissal and Nazarbayev's promotion. Mikhail Gorbachev ignored them both, firing Kunayev but replacing him with Gennady Kolbin, an ethnic Russian, triggering three days of riots known as the Zheltoqsan. Jeltoqsan (Kazakh: ; English: December) riot of 1986 was a spontaneous nationwide[1] revolt that took place in Almaty, Kazakhstan in response to General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachevs dismissal of Dinmukhamed Kunayev, the First Secretary of the Kazakh SSR and an ethnic Kazakh, and the subsequent appointment of outsider Gennady Kolbin... Position of Moscow in Europe Coordinates: , Country District Subdivision Russia Central Federal District Federal City Government  - Mayor Yuriy Luzhkov Area  - City 1,081 km²  (417. ... Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (Russian: ), surname more accurately romanized as Gorbachyov; born March 2, 1931) is a Russian politician. ... Gennady Kolbin (Геннадий Колбин, 1927-1998) was the first secretary of the Central Committee of Communist Party of Kazakh SSR from December 16, 1986 to June 22, 1989. ... The term Russian diaspora refers to the global community of ethnic Russians. ... Jeltoqsan (Kazakh: ; English: December) riot of 1986 was a spontaneous nationwide[1] revolt that took place in Almaty, Kazakhstan in response to General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachevs dismissal of Dinmukhamed Kunayev, the First Secretary of the Kazakh SSR and an ethnic Kazakh, and the subsequent appointment of outsider Gennady Kolbin...

Nazarbayev replaced Kolbin, who despite his office had little authority in Kazakhstan, in September 1989.^[1] He won the 1991 presidential election on 1 December, winning 95% of the vote in an election in which no other candidate ran against him.^[3] December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Presidency

Nazarbayev at the White House

Nazarbayev renamed the State Defense Committee's to the Ministry of Defense and appointed Sagadat Nurmagambetov Defense Minister on 7 May 1992. The Supreme Council, under the leadership of Speaker Serikbolsyn Abdilin, began debating over a draft constitution in June 1992. Image File history File linksMetadata G.W._Bush_with_Nazarbayev. ... Image File history File linksMetadata G.W._Bush_with_Nazarbayev. ... A defence minister (Commonwealth English) or defense minister (American English) is a cabinet portfolio (position) which regulates the armed forces in a sovereign nation. ... May 7 is the 127th day of the year (128th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The Supreme Soviet (Верховный Совет, Verhovniy Sovet, literally the Supreme Council) comprised the highest legislative body in the Soviet Union in the interim of the sessions of the Congress of Soviets, and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments. ...

The constitution created a strong executive branch with limited checks on executive power. Opposition political parties Azat, Zheltoqsan, and the Republican Party, held demonstrations in Almaty from 10 June-17 calling for the formation of a coalition government and the resignation of the government of Prime Minister Sergey Tereshchenko and the Supreme Council. Kazakh security personnel forcibly put down the protest on 18 June 1992. The Parliament of Kazakhstan, comprised of Communist Party legislators who had yet to stand in an election since the country gained its independence, adopted the constitution on 28 January 1993.^[4] The executive is the branch of a government charged with implementing, or executing, the law and running the day-to-day affairs of the government or state. ... The Politics series Politics Portal This box:      Separation of powers a term coined by French political Enlightenment thinker Baron de Montesquieu[1][2], is a model for the governance of democratic states. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Map showing Almatys location in Kazakhstan Almaty Orthodox church Mosque Almaty (Алматы; formerly known as Alma-Ata, also Vernyj, Vyernyi (Верный) in Imperial Russia) is the largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of 1,185,900 (2004) (8% of the population of Kazakhstan) citizens. ... June 10 is the 161st day of the year (162nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Redirected from 17 June) June 17 is the 168th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (169th in leap years), with 197 days remaining. ... A coalition government, or coalition cabinet, is a cabinet in parliamentary government in which several parties cooperate. ... June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... The Parliament of Kazakhstan is a bicameral legislature consisting of the upper house Senate of Kazakhstan and the lower house Majilis. ... ζōA legislator is a person who writes and passes laws, especially someone who is a member of a legislature. ... January 28 is the 28th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ...

An April 1995 referendum extended his term until 2000. He was re-elected in January 1999 and again in December 2005. The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe criticized the last presidential election as falling short of international democratic standards.^[5] On May 18, 2007, the Parliament of Kazakhstan approved a constitutional amendment which would allow Nazarbayev to seek re-election as many times as he wishes. This amendment applies specifically and only to Nazarbayev: the original constitution's proscribed maximum of two presidential terms will still apply to all future presidents of Kazakhstan.^[6] Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ... The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is an international organization for security. ... Democracy describes a series of related forms of government. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... The Parliament of Kazakhstan is a bicameral legislature consisting of the upper house Senate of Kazakhstan and the lower house Majilis. ... The 2007 amendment to the Constitution of Kazakhstan modified Kazakhstans basic law, on May 18, 2007. ...

Nazarbayev appointed Altynbek Sarsenbayev, who at the time served as the Minister of Culture, Information, and Concord, the Secretary of the Kazakh Security Council, replacing Marat Tazhin, on 4 May 2001. Tazhin became the Chairman of the National Security Council, replacing Alnur Musayev. Musayev became the head of the Guards' Service of the President.^[7] Altynbek Sarsenbaev, murdered in February 2006, was a Kazakh official and later opposition leader. ... Marat Tazhin Marat Tazhin (Kazakh: ; born in 1960 in Aktobe) has served as the Foreign Minister in the Government of Kazakhstan since he replaced Kassym-Jomart Tokayev on 10 January 2007 during a government shake-up. ... May 4 is the 124th day of the year (125th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

His government's policies are considered moderate and maintain a balance between the United States and Russia. Notwithstanding Kazakhstan's membership in the Organization of the Islamic Conference, under Nazarbayev the country has had good relations with Israel. Diplomatic relations were established in 1992 and President Nazarbayev paid official visits to Israel in 1995 and 2000.[1][2][3] Bilateral trade between the two countries amounted to $724 million in 2005.[4] He initiated the move of the administration from Almaty to Astana. The flag of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) OIC redirects here. ... Nursultan Abishuly Nazarbayev (Kazakh: Нұрсұлтан Әбішұлы Назарбаев [Nûrsûltan Äbîshûlâ Nazarbayev]; Russian: Нурсултан Абишевич Назарбаев [Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev]) (born July 6, 1940 in Chemolgan, Kazakhstan) is the current President of Kazakhstan, and the countrys only leader since independence from the Soviet Union. ... Map showing Almatys location in Kazakhstan Almaty Orthodox church Mosque Almaty (Алматы; formerly known as Alma-Ata, also Vernyj, Vyernyi (Верный) in Imperial Russia) is the largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of 1,185,900 (2004) (8% of the population of Kazakhstan) citizens. ... Coordinates: Government  - Mayor Askar Mamin Population (estimated)  - City 600,000 Time zone BTT (UTC+6) This article is about the capital of Kazakhstan; for the article on the palace in Sarawak, see Astana (Sarawak); for the professional road-cycling team see Astana Team; for the Iranian city, see Astaneh-e...

Personal wealth

Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev (left) with billionaire Alexander Mashkevich

Transparency International ranked Kazakhstan 124th in its list of countries by corruption in 2004 with a score of 2.2 (on a scale of 0-10 with 0 indicating a "highly corrupt" state).[5]. Nazarbayev himself has been called one of "ultimate oligarchs" of the post-Soviet central Asia states.^[8] He is believed to have transferred at least $1 billion worth of oil revenues to his private bank accounts in other countries and his family controls many other key enterprises in Kazakhstan.^[8] He is also said to have benefitted financially from his "special relations" with Kazakh-Israeli billionaire Alexander Mashkevich, who, as of 2004, was believed to control as much as one-fourth of Kazakhstan's economy.^[9][10][11] Image File history File links NazarbayevMashkevich. ... Image File history File links NazarbayevMashkevich. ... Transparency International (TI) is an international organisation addressing corruption, including, but not limited to, political corruption. ... Oligarch may refer to one of the folowing. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Alexander Mashkevich (also transliterated: Alexandr Mashkevic; born in 1954) is a Jewish businessman who holds both Kazakh and Israeli citizenship although, according to the Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Mashkevich usually travels on his Israeli passport and rarely spends more than a week each month in Kazakhstan. ...

Family

He is married to Sara Alpysovna Nazarbayeva, with whom he has had three daughters; Dariga, Dinara and Aliya. Dariga was married to Rakhat Aliyev, son of a former minister of healthcare, who served as the First Deputy Foreign Minister and twice as the Kazakh Ambassador to Austria. Dinara is married to Timur Kulibayev, son of a former Minister of Construction, who serves as the First Deputy Chairman of the national holding company Samruk which manages several state-owned companies and, formerly, as the first Vice President of the state-owned petroleum company KazMunaiGas. Aliya is a prominent businesswoman. She was married to Aidar Akayev, the son of former Kyrgyz President, Askar Akaev. Sara Alpysovna (born 9 January, 1941, in Kzyl-Zhar, Kazakhstan) is the First Lady of Kazakhstan and wife of President Nursultan Nazarbayev. ... Dariga Nursultanqyzy Nazarbayeva (Kazakh: ) (born May 7, 1963 in Temirtau, Kazakhstan) is a current political figure in the Republic of Kazakhstan and daughter of current president Nursultan Nazarbayev. ... Rakhat Aliyev. ... KazMunayGas is the state-owned oil and gas company of Kazakhstan. ... The President of Kyrgyzstan is the head of state and the lowest official of the Kyrgyz Republic. ... This December 2006 does not cite its references or sources. ...

On 4 December 2005 new Presidential elections were held and President Nazarbayev won by an overwhelming majority of 91.15% (from a total of 6,871,571 eligible participating voters) as reported by the Central Electoral Commission of Kazakhstan, an estimation criticized by the OSCE and other election watchdog organizations. Nazarbayev was sworn in for another seven-year term on 11 January 2006. December 4th redirects here. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Politics of Kazakhstan Categories: Election related stubs | Elections in Kazakhstan ... The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is an international organization for security. ... January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

Other

Criticism of Iran

In a speech given on 15 December 2006 marking the 15th anniversary of Kazakhstan's independence Nazarbayev criticized actions taken by the Iranian government, saying Iran had become a center of growing insecurity in Asia by engaging in international terrorism, fundamentalism, the spread of weapons of mass destruction, illegal immigration, and weapons and drug trafficking. The Kazakh Foreign Ministry released a statement on 19 December, saying his remarks were not "what he really meant," and his comments were "mistakes."^[12] December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... Fundamentalism originally referred to a movement in North American Protestantism that arose in the early part of the 20th century in reaction to modernism (see below, History), stressing that the Bible is literally inerrant, not only in matters of faith and morals but also as a literal historical record. ... For the album, see Weapons of Mass Destruction (album). ... For the 1983 Genesis song, see Illegal Alien (song) Illegal immigration refers to immigration across national borders in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country. ... Gunrunning, also known as arms trafficking, is trafficking in (smuggling) contraband weapons and ammunition. ... Retail selling Street selling is the bottom of the chain and can be accomplished through purchasing from prostitutes, through cloaked retail stores or refuse houses for users in the act located in red-light districts which often also deal in paraphernalia, dealers marketing merriment at night clubs and other events... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

2007 presidential address

Nazarbayev delivered his annual presidential address on 28 February 2007. He advocated membership in the World Trade Organization, the establishment of a Eurasian Customs Union, and discussed cooperation with foreign states in the "fight against terrorism and fight against epidemics and environmental disasters."^[13] February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

See also

• Government of Kazakhstan
• Politics of Kazakhstan
• Kazakhgate
• List of national leaders
• Friedhelm Eronat
• Galymzhan Zhakiyanov
• Mukhtar Ablyazov
• Democratic Choice of Kazakhstan
• Zharmakhan Tuyakbay
• For a Just Kazakhstan
• Zamanbek Nurkadylov
• Altynbek Sarsenbayev

Kazakhstan is a constitutional republic with a strong presidency. ... Politics of Kazakhstan takes place in the framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Kazakhstan is head of state and nominates the head of government. ... Kazakhgate refers to the scandal surrounding James Giffen, an American businessman and former advisor of Nazarbayev, the president of Kazakhstan, who allegedly paid $78 million in bribes to Nazarbayev and former Minister of Oil & Gas of Kazakhstan Nurlan Balgimbayev to secure contracts over the Tengiz oil fields for Western companies... This is a List of national leaders, showing heads of state and heads of government where different, mainly in parliamentary systems; it should be noted that often a leader is both in presidential systems or dictatorships. ... Friedhelm Eronat (born 1954 in Prem, Bavaria, Germany) is a British-based millionaire business leader mainly involved in oil trading. ... The Democratic Choice of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstannyn Demokratiyalyk Tandau) is a political party in Kazakhstan. ... Zharmakhan A. Tuyakbay (Russian: Жармаха‘н Айтба‘йулы‘ Туякба‘й, Zharmakhán Aitbaiulý Tuyakbái, born November 22, 1947) is Chairman of For a Just Kazakhstan (Russian: За Справедливый Казахстан, Zá Spravedlívyi Kazahstán), a political opposition group in Kazakhstan. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Altynbek Sarsenbaev, murdered in February 2006, was a Kazakh official and later opposition leader. ...

References

The Los Angeles Times (also L.A. Times) is a daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California and distributed throughout the Western United States. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 24 is the 358th day of the year (359th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... March 9 is the 68th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (69th in leap years). ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... October 18 is the 291st day of the year (292nd in leap years). ... shelby was here 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) is an international news agency serving Jewish community newspapers and media around the world. ... 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

• Official webpage
• Pro-Nazarbayev video
• Kazakh President demands firing of telecom chief
• Brief introduction to relations between China and Kazakhstan
• Kazakhstan, Armenia sign agreements to develop relations
• Kazakhstan has no need for West's advice - Nazarbayev
• Kazakhstan to export 6-7 mln tonnes of grains of this year harvest
• Pro-Nazarbayev party merges with President's power base
• Kazakhstan: New political party borrows from Western right
• Kazakhstan to be top oil producer by 2011: Nazarbayev
• Kazakh blogger found guilty
• Kazakhstan and the Nazarbayev Kleptocracy - Islamic Human Rights Commission

Current members of the Cabinet of President Nursultan Nazarbayev
Abdykarimov • D. Akhmetov • S. Akhmetov • Baliyeva • Dernovoi • Dosmukhanbetov • Dzhaksybekov • Iskakov • Izmukhambetov • Karagusova • Korzhova • Masimov • Mukhamedzhanov • Musin • Shabdarbayev • Tazhin • Tusupbekov • Yertysbayev • Yesimov • Zhumabekov