Ochratoxin A, B, and C are mycotoxins produced by some Aspergillus species and Penicilium species, like A. ochraceus or P. viridicatum, with ochratoxin A as the most prevalent and relevant fungal toxin of this group. Mycotoxin (from Gk. ...
Ochratoxin A is known to occur in commodities like cereals, coffee, dried fruit and red wine. It is considered as a human carcinogen and is of special interest as it can be accumulated in the meat of animals. Thus meat and meat products can be contaminated with this toxin.
Ochratoxin A has been found in maize, barley, wheat, and oats, as well as in many other food products, but the occurrence of ochratoxin B is rare.
Ochratoxin A is teratogenic in the mouse, rat, and hamster.
The nephrotoxic potential of ochratoxin A is well documented from all experimental studies, with a feed level of 200 µg/kg causing nephropathy in pigs and rats.
Biliary excretion of ochratoxin A was increased and urinary excretion of ochratoxin A and ochratoxin alpha was decreased in mice pretreated with phenobarbital (Moroi et al., 1985).
Ochratoxin C, a metabolite of ochratoxin A produced in rumenal fluid, is as toxic as ochratoxin A (cited by Galtier et al., 1981).
Ochratoxin B was not antagonistic to ochratoxin A with respect to effects on the formation of phenylalanyl-tRNA and protein synthesis (Roth et al., 1989).
Feeds |
Contact