Octane
for the chemical see octane For the Transformers character, see Octane (Transformers), for the SGI machines, SGI Octane, for the gasoline rating sytem, see Octane rating, for the band see Octane (band). ... Image File history File links Octane. ... Image File history File links Octane-2D-Skeletal. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1240x491, 82 KB) 3D-model of an octane molecule. ...
General
Molecular formula	C8H18
SMILES	CCCCCCCC
Molar mass	114.2285 g/mol
Appearance	colorless liquid
CAS number	[111-65-9]
Properties
Density and phase	0.703 g/ml, liquid
Solubility in water	Immiscible
Melting point	−57 °C (216 K)
Boiling point	125.52 °C (398.7 K)
Viscosity	0.542 cP at 20 °C
Thermodynamic data
Std enthalpy change of formation, ΔfHoliquid	−250 kJ/mol
Std enthalpy change of combustion, ΔcHoliquid	−5430 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, Soliquid	360 J·K−1·mol−1
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU classification	Flammable (F) Harmful (Xn) Dangerous for the environment (N)
NFPA 704	3 0 0
R-phrases	R11, R38, R50/53, R65, R67
S-phrases	(S2), S9, S16, S29, S33, S60, S61, S62
Flash point	13 °C
Autoignition temperature	220 °C
Explosive limits	1.0–6.5%
RTECS number	RG8400000
Supplementary data page
Structure and properties	n, εr, etc.
Thermodynamic data	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Spectral data	UV, IR, NMR, MS
Related compounds
Related alkanes	Heptane 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

Octane is an alkane with the chemical formula CH₃(CH₂)₆CH₃. It has 18 isomers. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The simplified molecular input line entry specification or SMILES is a specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... In physics, density is mass m per unit volume V. For the common case of a homogeneous substance, it is expressed as: where, in SI units: ρ (rho) is the density of the substance, measured in kg·m-3 m is the mass of the substance, measured in kg V is... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... 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In chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the entropy content of one mole of substance, under conditions of standard temperature and pressure. ... An example MSDS in a US format provides guidance for handling a hazardous substance and information on its composition and properties. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... NFPA 704 is a standard maintained by the U.S. National Fire Protection Association. ... Image File history File links NFPA_704. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... For other uses, see Flash point (disambiguation). ... The autoignition temperature, or the ignition temperature of a substance is the lowest temperature at which a chemical will spontaneously ignite in a normal atmosphere, without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. ... The explosive limit of a gas or a vapour, is the limiting concentration (in air) that is needed for the gas to ignite and explode. ... RTECS, also known as Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, is a database of toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature that is available for charge. ... The refractive index (or index of refraction) of a medium is a measure for how much the speed of light (or other waves such as sound waves) is reduced inside the medium. ... The relative dielectric constant of a material under given conditions is a measure of the extent to which it concentrates electrostatic lines of flux. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... Infrared spectroscopy (IR Spectroscopy) is the subset of spectroscopy that deals with the IR region of the EM spectrum. ... It has been suggested that NMR Data Processing be merged into this article or section. ... Mass spectrometry (also known as mass spectroscopy (deprecated)[1] or informally, mass-spec and MS) is an analytical technique used to measure the mass-to-charge ratio of ions. ... Chemical structure of methane, the simplest alkane Alkanes are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) (i. ... R-phrases , , , , S-phrases , , , , , , , Flash point −4 °C Autoignition temperature 285 °C Explosive limits 1. ... R-phrases , , , , S-phrases , , , , , , , Flash point 4. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... Chemical structure of methane, the simplest alkane Alkanes are chemical compounds that consist only of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) (i. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... In chemistry, isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and often with the same kinds of chemical bonds between atoms, but in which the atoms are arranged differently (analogous to a chemical anagram). ...

One of the isomers, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane or isooctane, is of major importance, as it has been selected as the 100 point on the octane rating scale, with n-heptane as the zero point. Octane ratings are ratings used to represent the anti-knock performance of petroleum-based fuels (octane is less likely to prematurely combust under pressure than heptane), given as the percentage of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in an 2,2,4-trimethylpentane / n-heptane mixture that would have the same performance. It is an important constituent of gasoline. R-phrases , , , , S-phrases , , , , , , , Flash point 4. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... R-phrases , , , , S-phrases , , , , , , , Flash point −4 °C Autoignition temperature 285 °C Explosive limits 1. ... Knocking (also called pinking or pinging)— colloquially detonation—in internal combustion engines occurs when air/fuel mixture in the cylinder has been ignited by the spark plug and the smooth burning is interrupted by the unburned mixture in the combustion chamber exploding before the flame front can reach it. ... The percent sign. ... “Petrol” redirects here. ...

Octane has 18 isomers : In chemistry, isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and often with the same kinds of chemical bonds between atoms, but in which the atoms are arranged differently (analogous to a chemical anagram). ...

• Octane (n-octane)
• 2-Methylheptane
• 3-Methylheptane
• 4-Methylheptane
• 3-Ethylhexane
• 2,2-Dimethylhexane
• 2,3-Dimethylhexane
• 2,4-Dimethylhexane
• 2,5-Dimethylhexane
• 3,3-Dimethylhexane
• 3,4-Dimethylhexane
• 2-Methyl-3-ethylpentane
• 3-Methyl-3-ethylpentane
• 2,2,3-Trimethylpentane
• 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (isooctane)
• 2,3,3-Trimethylpentane
• 2,3,4-Trimethylpentane
• 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane

2-Methylheptane is an organic compound, of the alkane family which is isomeric to octane. ... 3-Methylheptane is an alkane which is an isomer of octane (C8H18). ... R-phrases , , , , S-phrases , , , , , , , Flash point 4. ...

External links

• International Chemical Safety Card 0933 (n-octane)
• NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards 0470
• Material Safety Data Sheet for Octane
• Phytochemical database entry
• Chemical and physical properties table

  The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the United States federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness. ...