Zeugophiurina Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms. ... Phyla Placozoa (trichoplax) Orthonectida (orthonectids) Rhombozoa (dicyemids) Subregnum Parazoa Porifera (sponges) Subregnum Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) (radial symmetry) Ctenophora (comb jellies) Cnidaria (coral, jellyfish, anemones) Bilateria (unranked) (bilateral symmetry) Acoelomorpha (basal) Myxozoa (slime animals) Superphylum Deuterostomia (blastopore becomes anus) Chordata (vertebrates, etc. ... Classes Asteroidea Concentricycloidea Crinoidea Echinoidea Holothuroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoderms (Echinodermata) is a phylum of marine animals found in the ocean at all depths. ... Brittle stars are echinoderms, closely related to starfish. ...
Oegophiurida is an order of Ophiuroidea. The physical characteristics of this order include well separated lateral plates, which exposes the oral surface of radial ossicles. It also has vertebrae with streptospondylous (hourglass) articulation, which thus allow for vertical and horizontal movements.[1] The order has neither oral nor radial shields. They have paired serial gonads arranged segmentally along the arm. The hyponeural groove is covered by soft integument, which forms a spacious epineural canal that is not closed over by ventral arm plates. The disk is covered by naked or granulated skin, or by imbricating scales.[2] Oegophiurida is extinct, except for a recent species, Ophiocanops fugiens, which has several remarkable features. In each arm there is a single digestive caecum. The caecum wall has many folds which enlarge the absorbing surface. Nothing however, is known of this species' microscopic structure of its gut.[3] Previously, Oegophiurida was known only to exist from the lower Ordovician to the upper Carboniferous periods. However most features of O. fugiens conform to this order, such as the the absence of genital plates and genital bursae. They also lack dorsal or vental arm plates.[2] Brittle stars are echinoderms, closely related to starfish. ... The Ordovician period is the second of the six (seven in North America) periods of the Paleozoic era. ... The Carboniferous is a major division of the geologic timescale that extends from the end of the Devonian period, about 359. ...
Notes
^ Meglitsch, Paul A (January 1, 1991). Invertebrate Zoology. Oxford University Press US, 562. ISBN 0-19-504900-4.
^ ab Fell, H.B. (1963). The Phylogeny of Sea-Stars. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 406-7.