NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Olanzapine

Olanzapine (oh-LAN-za-peen, sold as Zyprexa®, Zyprexa Zydis®, or in combination with fluoxetine, as Symbyax®) was the third atypical antipsychotic to gain approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and has become one of the most commonly used atypical antipsychotics. Olanzapine has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of schizophrenia, acute mania in bipolar disorder, agitation associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and as maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder and psychotic depression. In pharmacology and toxicology, a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body 1. ... Fluoxetine hydrochloride is an antidepressant drug used medically in the treatment of depression, body dysmorphic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, hypochondriasis and panic disorder. ... The atypical antipsychotics (also known as second generation antipsychotics) are a class of prescription medications used to treat psychiatric conditions. ... The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and is responsible for regulating food (humans and animal), dietary supplements, drugs (human and animal), cosmetics, medical devices (human and animal) and radiation emitting devices (including non-medical devices), biologics, and... The atypical antipsychotics (also known as second generation antipsychotics) are a class of prescription medications used to treat psychiatric conditions. ... Mania is a severe medical condition characterized by extremely elevated mood, energy, and thought patterns. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... For other uses, see Bipolar. ... Psychosis is a psychiatric classification for a mental state in which the perception of reality is distorted. ... Clinical depression (also called major depressive disorder, or sometimes unipolar when compared with bipolar disorder) is a state of intense sadness, melancholia or despair that has advanced to the point of being disruptive to an individuals social functioning and/or activities of daily living. ...

Olanzapine is manufactured and marketed by the pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly and Company. A pharmaceutical company, or drug company, is a commercial business licensed to research, develop, market and/or distribute drugs, most commonly in the context of healthcare. ... Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the worlds largest corporations. ...

It has also been used to treat Tourette Syndrome For the Nirvana song, see tourettes (song). ...

Pharmacology

Olanzapine is structurally similar to clozapine, and is classified as a thienobenzodiazepine. Olanzapine has a higher affinity for 5-HT₂ serotonin receptors than D₂ dopamine receptors. Clozapine (sold as ClozarilÂ®, LeponexÂ®, FazacloÂ®) was the first of the atypical antipsychotics to be developed. ... In the field of neurochemistry, 5-HT receptors are receptors for the neurotransmitter and peripheral signal mediator serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT. 5-HT receptors are located on the cell membrane of nerve cells and other cell types in animals and mediate the effects of serotonin... The dopamine receptors are a class of metabotropic G-protein-coupled receptors with the neurotransmitter dopamine as their endogenous ligand. ...

Like most atypical antipsychotics compared to the older typical ones, olanzapine has a lower affinity for histamine, cholinergic muscarinic and alpha adrenergic receptors. The histamine receptors are a class of G-protein coupled receptors with histamine as their endogenous ligand. ... Amanita muscaria from which muscarine was isolated Acetylcholine - natural agonist of muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. ... The adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a class of G_protein coupled receptors that is the target of catecholamines. ...

Olanzapine's antipsychotic activity is mediated primarily by antagonism at serotonin receptors. Antagonism of muscarinic (M) receptors is associated with extrapyramidal effects such as tardive dyskinesia. Antagonizing H₁ histamine receptors causes sedation. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract. ... In human anatomy, the extrapyramidal system is a neural network located in the brain that is part of the motor system involved in the coordination of movement. ...

Dosing and administration

It is available as a pill that comes in the strengths of 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg and as Zydis orally disintegrating tablets in the strengths of 5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, and 20 mg. It is also available as a rapid-acting intramuscular injection for short term acute use.

Dose may be adjusted depending on the person's body's response to the drug. The dose will also depend on certain medical problems the person may have. It is usually taken once a day in the evening.

Pharmacokinetics

Olanzapine displays linear kinetics. Its elimination half-life ranges from 21 to 54 hours. Steady state plasma concentrations are achieved in about a week. Olanzapine undergoes extensive first pass metabolism and bioavailability is not affected by food. The first pass effect (or first pass metabolism) is a phenomenon of drug metabolism. ... In pharmacology, bioavailability is used to describe the fraction of an administered dose of medication that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. ...

Metabolism

Olanzapine is metabolized by the Cytochrome P450 system isoenzymes 1A2 and 2D6 (minor pathway). Drug metabolism may be increased or decreased by agents that induce (e.g. cigarette smoke) or inhibit (e.g. fluvoxamine or ciprofloxacin) CYP1A2 activity respectively. Cytochrome P450 Oxidase (CYP2E1) Cytochrome P450 oxidase (commonly abbreviated CYP) is a generic term for a large number of related, but distinct, oxidative enzymes (EC 1. ...

Side effects

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you have questions or develop any side effects that concern you, talk to your doctor and/or pharmacist.

Olanzapine is reported to cause extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia and neuroleptic malignant syndrome, although at a reduced rate when compared to the classical anti-psychotics.^[1] // Pre-syncope is a sensation of feeling faint. ... Sedation is a medical procedure involving administration of sedative drugs, generally to facilitate a medical procedure, such as endoscopy, vasectomy, or minor surgery with local anaesthesia. ... Insomnia is characterized by an inability to sleep and/or inability to remain asleep for a reasonable period. ... Orthostatic hypotension (also known as postural hypotension and, colloquially, as head rush) is a sudden fall in blood pressure, typically greater than 20/10 mm Hg, that occurs when a person assumes a standing position. ... Akathisia (or acathisia) is an often extremely unpleasant subjective sensation of inner restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless, hence the origin of its name: Greek a (without) + kathesis (sitting). ... This article is about the medical term, epileptic seizure, as distinct from psychogenic non-epileptic seizure. ... In human anatomy, the extrapyramidal system is a neural network located in the brain that is part of the motor system involved in the coordination of movement. ... Tardive dyskinesia is a serious neurological disorder caused by the long-term and/or high-dose use of dopamine antagonists, usually antipsychotics and among them especially the typical antipsychotics. ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening, neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs. ...

Recently the FDA required the manufacturers of all atypical antipsychotics to include a warning about the risk of hyperglycemia and diabetes with atypical antipsychotics. Additionally there are some case reports of olanzapine-induced diabetic ketoacidosis. There are data showing that olanzapine can decrease insulin sensitivity.^{[citation needed]} In addition, increased triglyceride levels may also be an issue with olanzapine. Impaired glucose metabolism, high triglycerides, and obesity have been shown to be constituents of the metabolic syndrome and may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Hyperglycemia or High Blood Sugar is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. ... This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. ... Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one consequence of untreated diabetes mellitus (chronic high blood sugar, or hyperglycemia), and is linked to an impaired glucose cycle. ... It has been suggested that Medium Chain Triglycerides be merged into this article or section. ... Metabolic syndrome is a combination of medical disorders that affect a large number of people in a clustered fashion. ... Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart and/or blood vessels (arteries and veins). ...

Citing an increased risk of stroke, in 2004 the Committee on the Safety of Medicines (CSM) in the UK issued a warning that olanzapine and risperidone, both atypical antipsychotic medications, should not be given to elderly patients with dementia. A stroke, also known as cerebrovascular accident (CVA),[1] is an acute neurological injury in which the blood supply to a part of the brain is interrupted. ... 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Committee on the Safety of Medicines (CSM) is an independent advisory committee that advises the UK Licensing Authority on the quality, efficacy and safety of medicines. ... Risperidone (BelivonÂ®, RispenÂ®, RisperdalÂ® in the United States) is an atypical antipsychotic medication developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica. ... For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). ...

The results of a large, random-design study funded by NIH's National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) were published in September 2005. The 18-month study, which involved 1,400 participants at 57 sites around the country, found that "patients on olanzapine also experienced substantially more weight gain and metabolic changes associated with an increased risk of diabetes than those participants taking the other drugs."^[2] However, the study also found that olanzapine helped more patients control symptoms for significantly longer than the other drugs. Specifically, after 18 months, the researchers found, 64 percent of the patients taking olanzapine had stopped, while at least 74 percent had quit each of the other medications.[8] The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for medical research. ... The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the United States federal governments principal biomedical and behavioral research agency. ...

Data from a small, open-label, non-randomized study seem to suggest that taking olanzapine by orally dissolving tablets may not be associated with the same degree of weight gain as conventional tablet formulations;^[3] however this has not been substantiated in a blinded experimental setting.

According to information made available from the U.S. National Library of Medicine the effects of olanzapine on children under the age of eighteen have not been thoroughly researched. Additionally, it is not clearly understood what effect, if any, olanzapine might have on the unborn child of a mother who is being treated with the drug. Laboratory tests have shown that olanzapine can penetrate the placenta in animals. It is also unknown whether or not olanzapine is transferable in human breast-milk. Olanzapine does, however, pass in the breast-milk of laboratory animals.^[4]

The effects of olanzapine in conjunction with other drugs has not been fully studied. Alcohol and any other centrally acting drugs should be avoided while taking olanzapine.^{[Package Insert]}

The sedative effects lend to olanzapine's possible abuse as a date rape drug. ^{[citation needed]} Date rape drugs are substances added to a drink to render a victim unconscious or compliant and able to be easily raped or sexually assaulted, perhaps adding to the effect of an alcoholic drink, generally unknown to the person drinking it. ...

Olanzapine comes with a black box warning for increased risk of death in elderly patients. It is not approved for use in patients with dementia-related psychosis. In the United States, a black box warning is a type of warning that appears on prescription drugs that may cause serious side effects. ...

In 2007, a 22-year-old Chinese man with schizophrenia and dissocial personality disorder who was normoglycaemic before taking olanzapine, was reported to developed diabetic ketoacidosis after the drug. Olanzapine was later stopped and replaced by haloperidol 5 mg/day. He was put on a strict 1500 kcal diabetic diet and required insulin injections to maintain a normal blood sugar level despite cessation of olanzapine for 4 months. The journal warns that doctors prescribing olanzapine should be aware of the risk of diabetes mellitus. Baseline and regular monitoring of body weight, body mass index, and fasting blood glucose are essential to prevent serious consequences.^[5]

Off-label uses

Case-reports, open-label, and small pilot studies suggest efficacy of olanzapine for the treatment of some anxiety spectrum disorders (e.g. general anxiety disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder); however, olanzapine has not been rigorously evaluated in randomized, placebo-controlled trials for this use and is not FDA approved for these indications. Other common off-label uses of olanzapine include the treatment of eating disorders (e.g. anorexia nervosa) and as an adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder with psychotic features. General anxiety disorder or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry about everyday things. ... Panic disorder is a diagnosed psychiatric mental condition that causes the sufferer to experience sporadic, intense, and often reoccurring panic attacks. ... Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a term for certain severe psychological consequences of exposure to, or confrontation with, stressful events that the person experiences as highly traumatic. ... For the symphonic black metal band, see Anorexia Nervosa (band) Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes an eating disorder characterised by low body weight and body image distortion with an obsessive fear of gaining weight. ...

Olanzapine has been marketed for dementia by Eli Lilly though it has never been shown to help with the symptoms of dementia. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). ...

Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose include tachycardia, agitation, dysarthria, decreased consciousness and coma. Death has been reported after an acute overdose of 450mg, but also survival after an acute overdose of 1500mg. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Agitation may have the following special meanings Agitation, an emotional state Agitation, putting into motion (by shaking or stirring) Agitation, a term from the lexicon of Communists: political activities aimed at urging people to do something This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that... Look up dysarthria in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

PRIME

A controversial experiment, Prevention through Risk Identification, Management, and Education (PRIME), was initiated by Dr. Thomas McGlashan of Yale University, and director of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), with funding from Eli Lilly and the NIMH. PRIME investigators aimed to test a speculative schizophrenia prevention theory that Olanzapine may help prevent the onset of psychosis in people at very high risk for developing schizophrenia. In this study, the researchers recruited people between the ages of 12-36 who were seeking treatment for mental health problems and met the criteria for being in the prodrome of schizophrenia, which means that they met one of three conditions: (a) they had a significant loss of functioning in the past year, combined with having either schizotypal personality disorder or a first degree relative with a psychotic disorder (defining a significant genetic risk); (b) moderate pscyhotic symptoms in the past year; or (c) brief intermittent psychotic symptoms in the past three months. Studies have shown that about 36-54% of prodromal samples start to meet the diagnostic criteria for a psychotic disorder within a year. From 1997 to 2003, sixty participants were enrolled in the experiment: of whom half were exposed to the neuroleptic Zyprexa (Olanzapine), and half were given a placebo.^[6] In 2006, the authors reported that Olanzapine seems to delay, but not prevent, the onset of psychosis. 16.1% of the patients on Olanzapine (all during the first four weeks of the trial) and 37.9% of patients taking a placebo experienced a conversion to psychosis during the year that the drugs were administered. In the second, drug-free year, during which only 17 people remained in the study, 3 of the people from the Olanzapine-condition and 2 of the people from the placebo-condition developed psychosis.^[7] Yale redirects here. ... The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the United States federal governments principal biomedical and behavioral research agency. ... In medicine, a prodrome is an early symptom indicating the development of a disease, or indicating that a disease attack is imminent. ... 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

This study is considered controversial by some because while the participants were experiencing psychiatric symptoms that qualified them for meeting the criteria for possibly being in the prodrome of schizophrenia, none of the participants in PRIME met the diagnostic criteria of either condition for which the drug was approved (Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia).

Alan Breier, Vice Presidentand Medical and Chief Medical Officer for Eli Lilly, was involved in the PRIME project and was one of the chief medical authors of the story. Prior to joining Lilly, Breier completed a three-year research fellowship at NIMH.

Legal

According to a New York Times article published on December 17, 2006,^[8] Eli Lilly has engaged in a decade-long effort to play down the health risks of Zyprexa, its best-selling medication for schizophrenia, according to hundreds of internal Lilly documents and e-mail messages among top company managers. These documents and e-mail messages were soon made publicly available as a location hidden Tor service^[9], and then made available on the public Internet. Eli Lilly got a temporary restraining order from a US District Court signed on January 4th, 2007 to stop the dissemination or downloading of Eli Lilly documents about Zyprexa, and this allowed them to get a few US-based websites to remove them; on January 8 2007, Judge Jack B. Weinstein refused the Electronic Frontier Foundation's motion to stay his order^[10]. The documents can now only be downloaded from public Internet sites outside the US.^[11]^[12]^[13]These health risks include an increased risk for diabetes through Zyprexa's links to obesity and its tendency to raise blood sugar. Zyprexa is Lilly’s top-selling drug, with sales of $4.2 billion last year. The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... Tor (The Onion Router) is a free software implementation of second-generation onion routing â€” a system enabling its users to communicate anonymously on the Internet. ... An injunction is an equitable remedy in the form of a court order that either prohibits or compels (enjoins or restrains) a party from continuing a particular activity. ... Jack B. Weinstein (pronounced WINE-STEEN) (born 1921, Kansas) is a federal judge in the Eastern District of New York [1]. (The Eastern District covers Brooklyn and Long Island). ... EFF Logo The EFF uses the blue ribbon as symbolism for their Free Speech defense. ...

The documents, given to The New York Times by Jim Gottstein, a lawyer representing mentally ill patients, show that Lilly executives kept important information from doctors about Zyprexa’s links to obesity and its tendency to raise blood sugar — both known risk factors for diabetes. The Times of London also obtained copies of the documents and reported that as early as October 1998, Lilly considered the risk of drug-induced obesity to be a "top threat" to Zyprexa sales.^[14] In another document, dated October 9, 2000, senior Lilly research physician Robert Baker noted that an academic advisory board he belonged to was "quite impressed by the magnitude of weight gain on olanzapine and implications for glucose."

Lilly’s own published data, which it told its sales representatives to play down in conversations with doctors, has shown that 30 percent of patients taking Zyprexa gain 22 pounds or more after a year on the drug, and some patients have reported gaining 100 pounds or more. But Lilly was concerned that Zyprexa’s sales would be hurt if the company was more forthright about the fact that the drug might cause unmanageable weight gain or diabetes, according to the documents, which cover the period 1995 to 2004. In 2006, Lilly paid $700 million to settle 8,000 lawsuits from people who said they had developed diabetes or other diseases after taking Zyprexa. Thousands more suits are still pending.^[15] This article is about the disease that features high blood sugar. ...

Lilly told its sales representatives to suggest that doctors prescribe Zyprexa to older patients with symptoms of dementia. One document states "dementia should be first message" for primary care doctors, since they "do not treat bipolar" or schizophrenia, but "do treat dementia." Three months after its launch, the Zyprexa campaign, called 'Viva Zyprexa', led to 49,000 new prescriptions. In 2002, the company changed the name of the primary care campaign to 'Zyprexa Limitless' and began to focus on people with mild bipolar disorder who had previously been diagnosed as depressed -- even though Zyprexa has been approved only for the treatment of mania in bipolar disorder, not depression.^[16] For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). ...

In 2002, British and Japanese regulatory agencies warned that Zyprexa may be linked to diabetes, but even after the FDA issued a similar warning in 2003, Lilly did not publicly disclose their own findings.

Eli Lilly agreed on January 4th, 2007 to pay up to $500 million to settle 18,000 lawsuits from people who claimed they developed diabetes or other diseases after taking Zyprexa. Including earlier settlements over Zyprexa, Lilly has now agreed to pay at least $1.2 billion to 28,500 people who claim they were injured by the drug. At least 1,200 suits are still pending, the company said. About 20 million people worldwide have taken Zyprexa since its introduction in 1996.^[17]

External links

Manufacturer site

One of the worlds largest corporations, Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) is a global pharmaceutical company with headquarters in Indianapolis,Indiana, USA. A Fortune 500 corporation, the company had revenues of $12. ...

Consumer information

The Cochrane Library is a collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties provided by the Cochrane Collaboration. ... MedlinePlus (medlineplus. ...

Controversy

A banner ad for MindFreedom International MindFreedom International is a coalition of over 100 grassroots groups and thousands of individual members in 14 nations committed to winning and protecting the human rights of people labeled with psychiatric disorders. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ...

References

Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) is a global pharmaceutical company and one of the worlds largest corporations. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... In the Gregorian Calendar, December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years), at which point there will be 13 days remaining to the end of the year. ...

Notes

Categories: Articles with unsourced statements since February 2007 | All articles with unsourced statements | Atypical antipsychotics | Thiophenes | Piperazines The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is one of 27 components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the United States federal governments principal biomedical and behavioral research agency. ... A news release, press release or press statement is a written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something claimed as having news value. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... In the Gregorian Calendar, December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years), at which point there will be 13 days remaining to the end of the year. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... In the Gregorian Calendar, December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years), at which point there will be 13 days remaining to the end of the year. ... Connecticut-based Thomson Scientific & Healthcare is one of the four operating divisions of The Thomson Corporation. ... MedlinePlus (medlineplus. ... The United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), operated by the United States federal government, is the worlds largest medical library. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... In the Gregorian Calendar, December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years), at which point there will be 13 days remaining to the end of the year. ... Tor (The Onion Router) is a free software implementation of second-generation onion routing â€” a system enabling its users to communicate anonymously on the Internet. ... The term antipsychotic is applied to a group of drugs used to treat psychosis. ... A section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System. ... Phenothiazines are the largest of the 5 main classes of antipsychotic drugs. ... Typical antipsychotics (sometimes referred to as conventional antipsychotics or conventional neuroleptics) are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis (in particular, schizophrenia), and are generally being replaced by atypical antipsychotic drugs. ... Chlorpromazine was the first antipsychotic drug, used during the 1950s and 1960s. ... Fluphenazineis a typical antipsychoticdrug. ... SerentilÂ® (mesoridazine besylate) is a neuroleptic drug that is used in the treatment of schizophrenia, organic brain disorders, psychoneuroses, and alcoholism. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Prochlorperazine is a highly potent neuroleptic, which is 10 to 20-times more potent than chlorpromazine. ... Promazine is an antipsychotic medication. ... Thioridazine is a piperidine phenothiazine antipsychotic drugs and is used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis. ... Trifluoperazine (EskazinylÂ®, EskazineÂ®, JatroneuralÂ®, ModalinaÂ®, StelazineÂ®, TerfluzineÂ®) is a typical antipsychotic drug of the phenothiazine group. ... Typical antipsychotics (sometimes referred to as conventional antipsychotics or conventional neuroleptics) are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis (in particular, schizophrenia), and are generally being replaced by atypical antipsychotic drugs. ... Chlorprothixene is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthine class. ... Droperidol (DropletanÂ®) is an antidopaminergic drug used as an antiemetic and antipsychotic. ... Flupentixol is a synthetic compound that acts on a subset of dopamine receptors. ... Benperidol is a drug which is a butyrophenone derivative. ... Haloperidol (sold as AloperidinÂ®, BioperidoloÂ®, BrotoponÂ®, DozicÂ®, Einalon SÂ®, EukystolÂ®, HaldolÂ®, HalostenÂ®, KeselanÂ®, LintonÂ®, PelucesÂ®, SerenaceÂ®, SerenaseÂ®, SigaperidolÂ®) is a conventional butyrophenone antipsychotic drug. ... Categories: Stub | Typical antipsychotics ... Molindone is a therapeutic antipsychotic, used in the treatment of Schizophrenia. ... Pimozide (sold as OrapÂ®) is an antipsychotic drug. ... Sulforidazine a typical antipsychotic and a metabolite of thioridazine; it is more potent than the parent compound. ... Thiothixene is an antipsychotic drug of the conventional or typical antipsychotics class. ... The atypical antipsychotics (also known as second generation antipsychotics) are a class of prescription medications used to treat psychiatric conditions. ... Amisulpride (brand name SolianÂ®) is an antipsychotic drug sold by Sanofi laboratories. ... Aripiprazole (produced by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co,. Ltd. ... Clozapine (sold as ClozarilÂ®, LeponexÂ®, FazacloÂ®) was the first of the atypical antipsychotics to be developed. ... Melperone is sold under the tradenames Buronil, Burnil, and Eunerpan and is a conventional butyrophenone antipsychotic drug. ... Quetiapine (pronounced kwe-TYE-a-peen or ), marketed by AstraZeneca with the brand name Seroquel, belongs to a series of neuroleptics known as atypical antipsychotics, which have, over the last four decades, become increasingly popular alternatives to typical antipsychotics, such as haloperidol (Haldol). ... Risperidone (BelivonÂ®, RispenÂ®, RisperdalÂ® in the United States) is an atypical antipsychotic medication developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica. ... Paliperidone is an atypical antipsychotic being developed by Janssen. ... Sertindole (brand names: Serlect®, Serdolect®) is one of the newer antipsychotic medications to hit the market. ... Sulpiride (sold as MeresaÂ®, Sulpirid RatiopharmÂ®, Sulpirid NeuraxpharmÂ®,Bosnyl, DogmatilÂ®) is an anti-psychotic drug used mainly in the treatment of psychosis (e. ... Ziprasidone (sold as GeodonÂ®) was the fifth atypical antipsychotic to gain FDA approval. ... Zotepine (Nipolept) is an atypical antipsychotic indicated for acute and chronic schizophrenia. ...

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