Olga, Queen of Greece

Olga Konstantinovna of Russia later Queen Olga of Greece (in Russian Великая Княжна Ольга Константиновна in Greek Βασίλισσα Όλγα της Ελλάδος) (3 September 1851 - 18 June 1926), was the queen consort of King George I of Greece and briefly in 1920, Regent of Greece. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (953x1411, 203 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Olga Konstantinovna of Russia ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (953x1411, 203 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Olga Konstantinovna of Russia ... September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1851 (MDCCCLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... King George V of the United Kingdom and his consort, Queen Mary A queen consort is the wife and consort of a reigning king. ... George I, King of the Hellenes (Greek: Γεώργιος A, Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων) (December 24, 1845 – March 18, 1913) was King of the Hellenes (Greece) from 1863 to 1913. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

Early life

A granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I and first cousin of Tsar Alexander III, she was born in Pavlovsk the daughter of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich of Russia and Alexandra Iosifovna, a Princess of Saxe-Altenberg. The young King George I of Greece visited Russia in 1863 to thank her uncle Tsar Alexander II for his support during his election to the throne of Greece. Whilst there he met the then twelve-year old Olga for the first time.^[1] Nicholas I (Russian: Николай I Павлович, Nikolai I Pavlovich), July 6 (June 25, Old Style), 1796–March 2 (February 18, Old Style), 1855), was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855. ... A cousin chart identifies the correct name for the relationship between two people with a common ancestor. ... Alexander III (March 10, 1845 – November 1, 1894) reigned as Emperor of Russia from March 14, 1881 until his death in 1894. ... Pavlovsk (Russian: Павловск) is a town situated in the Leningrad oblast, Russia, 30 km from St. ... Grand Duke Konstantin of Russia. ... Alexandra Iosifovna, born Princess Alexandra Friederike Henriette of Saxe-Altenburg, (1830-1911) married Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich Romanov of Russia, second son of Nicholas I of Russia in September 1848. ... George I, King of the Hellenes (Greek: Γεώργιος A, Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων) (December 24, 1845 – March 18, 1913) was King of the Hellenes (Greece) from 1863 to 1913. ... 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar). ... Alexander (Aleksandr) II Nikolaevich (Russian: Александр II Николаевич) (born April 17, 1818 in Moscow; died March 13, 1881 in St. ...

George visited Russia again in 1867 to meet with his sister Dagmar, who had married Tsarevitch Alexander the year before. George and Olga fell in love and married on October 27, 1867 (Gregorian calendar), when she was sixteen years old. Queen Olga was a direct matrilineal 27th-generation descendant of the Byzantine Empress Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera (c 1155-1211), the Empress-consort of, and the true power behind, Emperor Alexios III Angelos, the ruler of Constantinople and of the entire Greek Empire between 1195 and 1203. 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Princess Marie Sophie Frederikke Dagmar (November 26, 1847 - October 13, 1928) was born as the second daughter of Louise of Hesse and Christian of Glucksburg. ... Alexander III (March 10, 1845 – November 1, 1894) reigned as Emperor of Russia from March 14, 1881 until his death in 1894. ... October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used calendar in the world. ... Matrilineality is a system in which one belongs to ones mothers lineage; it may also involve the inheritance of property or titles through the female line. ... // This primary pedigree follows, as much as possible, matrilineal descent. ... The Byzantine Empire is the term conventionally used to describe the Roman Empire during the Middle Ages, centered at its capital in Constantinople. ... Emperor is also a Norwegian black metal band; see Emperor (band). ... Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamaterina or better Kamatera (Greek: Ευφροσύνη Δούκαινα Καματερίνα ή Καματηρά, Euphrosynē Doukaina Kamatēra) (c. ... Alexios III Angelos or Alexius III Angelus (Greek: Αλέξιος Γ Άγγελος) (c. ...

Together George and Olga had eight children:

• Constantine (1868-1923), who succeeded his father as king.
• George (1869-1957), High Commissioner of Crete.
• Alexandra (1870-1891), married Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia (son of Alexander II of Russia). Mother of Dmitri Pavlovich Romanov, assassin of Grigori Rasputin.
• Nicholas (1872-1938)
• Marie (1876-1940), married first Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia (1863-1919) and second Pericles Ioannides.
• Olga (1881, died when three months old)
• Andrew (1882-1944), father of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
• Christopher (1888-1940), father of Prince Michael of Greece.

Constantine I, King of the Hellenes (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος A, Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων) (2 August 1868 - 11 January 1923) ruled Greece from 1913-1917 and from 1920-1922. ... 1868 (MDCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... His Royal Highness Prince George of Greece and Denmark (24 June 1869, Corfu – 25 November 1957, St Cloud) was the third child of King George I of Greece and Grand Duchess Olga. ... 1869 (MDCCCLXIX) is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the famous World War II battle, see: Battle of Crete For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ... Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia (Александра Георгиевна), née Her Royal Highness Princess Alexandra of Greece and Denmark (August 30, 1870–September 24, 1891) was daughter of George I of Greece and Olga, Queen of Greece herself daughter of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolaevich of Russia. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1891 (MDCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia (Павел Александрович) (October 3, 1860 N.S.–January 24, 1919 N.S.) was the eighth child of Tsar Alexander II of Russia by his first wife Maria Alexandrovna of Hesse. ... Alexander (Aleksandr) II Nikolaevich (Russian: Александр II Николаевич) (born April 17, 1818 in Moscow; died March 13, 1881 in St. ... Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich Romanov (Дмитри Павлович Романов) (September 18, 1891 – March 5, 1941) was a Russian nobleman, one of the few Romanovs to escape execution by the Bolsheviks after the Russian Revolution. ... Grigori Rasputin Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (or Grigori Yefimovich Novyh) (Russian: ) (January 22 [O.S. January 10] 1869–December 29 [O.S. December 16] 1916) was a Russian mystic who held an influence in the later days of Russias Romanov dynasty. ... Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark (1872-1938), of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, was the third son of George I (1845-1913), King of the Hellenes, and of Grand Duchess Olga Constantinovna (1851-1926) of Russia. ... 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Maria Georgievna, Princess of Greece and Denmark (March 3, 1876-December 14), 1940), was the fifth child and second daughter of George I of Greece and Olga Konstantinovna of Russia and thus a family member of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Grand Duke George Mikhailovich Romanov, (Russian: Великий Князь Георгий Михайлович Романов), (11 August 1863 - January 30, 1919), was a first cousin of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and a General in the Russian army. ... Year 1881 (MDCCCLXXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... His Royal Highness Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark (January 20, 1882 - December 3, 1944), of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, was the son of George I (1845-1913), King of the Hellenes, and of Grand Duchess Olga Konstantinova (1851-1926) of Russia. ... Year 1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... The Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, (Philip Mountbatten; born Prince Philippos of Greece and Denmark, 10 June 1921) is the second cousin once removed, husband and consort of Queen Elizabeth II. Originally a Prince of Greece and Denmark, Prince Philip abandoned those titles to serve in the Royal Navy of... Prince Christopher of Greece and Denmark (10 August 1888 - 21 January 1940) was a member of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. ... 1888 (MDCCCLXXXVIII) is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... Prince Michael of Greece and Denmark (born 7 January 1939) is a member of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. ...

Queen

Olga was a genuinely popular Queen and was extensively involved in charity work, endowing the Evangelismos (Annunciation) Hospital, Greece's largest, in downtown Athens, as well as a Russian hospital in Piraeus.^[1] Nickname: City of Athena or Cradle of Democracy Location of the city of Athens (red dot) within the Prefecture of Athens and Periphery of Attica Coordinates: Country Greece Peripheries Attica Prefecture Athens Founded circa 2000 BC Mayor Nikitas Kaklamanis Area    - City 38. ... View of Piraeus A night ferry about to leave the port of Piraeus for the Dodecanese Piraeus, or Peiraeus (Modern Greek: Πειραιάς Peiraiás or Pireás, Ancient Greek / Katharevousa: Πειραιεύς Pireéfs) is a city in the periphery of Attica, Greece, located south of Athens. ...

In 1898 she insisted on continuing her engagements without a military guard even though shots had been fired at her husband and daughter.^[1] 1898 (MDCCCXCVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

During visits to wounded servicemen in the Greco-Turkish War (1897) she became aware that they were unable to read the Bible. The version used by the Church of Greece included the Septuagint version of the Old Testament and the original Greek language version of the New Testament. Both were written in Koine Greek while her contemporaries used either Katharevousa of the so-called Demotic version of Modern Greek. Olga decided to have the Bible translated into a version which could be understood by most of her contemporary Greeks rather than those educated in Koine Greek. The Greco-Turkish War of 1897, also called the Thirty Days War, was a war between Greece and the Ottoman Empire, under its ruler Sultan Hamid. ... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ... The Church of Greece is one of the fifteenth autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches which make up the Eastern Orthodox Communion. ... The Septuagint: A page from Codex vaticanus, the basis of Sir Launcelot Lee Brentons English translation. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh. ... John 21:1 Jesus Appears to His Disciples--Alessandro Mantovani: the Vatican, Rome. ... Koine redirects here. ... Katharevousa (Greek Καθαρεύουσα, IPA: ) is a form of the Greek language, created during the early 19th century by Adamantios Korais (1748-1833). ... Main article: Greek language Modern Greek (Νέα Ελληνικά or Νεοελληνική, lit. ...

In November 1901 her publication of a translation of the New Testament from Koine into Modern Greek, without the authorisation of the Greek Holy Synod, led to riots in Athens, and ultimately the fall of the government of Georgios Theotokis and the resignation of the Metropolitan bishop.^[2][3] 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... In several of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, the patriarch or head bishop is elected by a group of bishops called the Holy Synod. ... Nickname: City of Athena or Cradle of Democracy Location of the city of Athens (red dot) within the Prefecture of Athens and Periphery of Attica Coordinates: Country Greece Peripheries Attica Prefecture Athens Founded circa 2000 BC Mayor Nikitas Kaklamanis Area    - City 38. ... Georgios Theotokis was a Greek politician and four times prime minister of Greece. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, the rank of metropolitan bishop, or simply metropolitan, pertains to the diocesan bishop or archbishop (then more precisely called Metropolitan archbishop) of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of an old Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital. ...

The translation had been completed by Alexandros Pallis (1851 - 1935), a major supporter of a literary movement supporting the use of Demotic in written language. However supporters of Katharevousa considered this language "unclean" and wanted to "purify" it. Katharevousa actually contained archaicised forms of modern words, purged of "non-Greek" vocabulary from other European languages and Turkish and a (simplified) archaic grammar. Publication of the translation started in serial form in the newspaper "Acropolis" on 9 September 1901. September 9 is the 252nd day of the year (253rd in leap years). ... 1901 (MCMI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Almost immediately theologians denounced this version as a "ridicule of the most valuable ethnic heritage" while a faction of Greek press started accusing Pallis and his Demoticists supporters of "atheism" and "treason".^{[citation needed]} Ecumenical Patriarch Joachim III of Constantinople denounced this translation, adding further fuel to the opposition. The riots were started by students of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, who had been organized by their own professors.^{[citation needed]} They requested the excommunication of Pallis and anyone involved with this translation and its publication, including Procopios, Metropolitan of Athens who had been a favorite of Olga and had supervised the translation after her personal request. Joachim III was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1878 to 1884 and from 1901 to 1912. ... The National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (Greek: Εθνικόν και Καποδιστριακόν Πανεπιστήμιον Αθηνών), usually referred to simply as the University of Athens, is the oldest university in the region of the eastern Mediterranean and has been in continuous operation since its establishment in 1837. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

The riots and conflict between rioters and the police forces resulted in eight deaths and at least seventy people wounded. By December the new translation had been banned and it was decided that any further attempt at translation would result in the incarceration of the participants.^{[citation needed]} This was a major political defeat for Olga.

After her grandson, Alexander I died on 25 October 1920 of a monkey bite, the Greek government offered the throne to his brother, Paul. Paul refused on the grounds that his father Constantine and elder brother George were still living. The government of Eleftherios Venizelos was defeated in a general election and the Regent, Admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis retired on the 17 November in favour of Queen Olga. She served as Regent until her son Constantine returned to take over the throne a second time on 19 December after a plebiscite. He had reigned before from 1913 to 1917. His new reign lasted less than two years. Alexander of Greece King of Greece Alexander I, King of the Hellenes, ruled Greece from 1917-1920. ... October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Paul, King of the Hellenes (December 14, 1901 - March 6, 1964), was King of Greece from 1947 to 1964. ... Constantine I, King of the Hellenes (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος A, Βασιλεύς των Ελλήνων) (2 August 1868 - 11 January 1923) ruled Greece from 1913-1917 and from 1920-1922. ... George II (Greek: Γεώργιος [Geōrgios]; 20 July 1890 — 1 April 1947), King of the Hellenes (Greece) ruled from 1922-1924 and 1935-1947. ... Eleftherios Venizelos (1864-1936), Greek statesman and diplomat. ... Admiral Kountouriotis Admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis (1855-1935) (Greek: Παύλος Κουντουριώτης) was an acclaimed Greek military man, and twice the President of Greece. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ... Regent, from the Latin, a person selected to administer a state because the ruler is a minor or is not present or debilitated. ... December 19 is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ...

After her death at Pau, Béarn, France, she was first interred in Italy (where the Greek Royal Family lived in exile), but on the restoration of the Greek monarchy in 1936 she was re-interred at Tatoi on the 17 November that year.^[4] Pau is a town of southwestern France, préfecture (capital) of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département. ... Béarn coat of arms Béarn (Gascon: Bearn or Biarn) is a former province of France, located in the Pyrenees mountains and in the plain at their feet, in southwest France. ... The Greek Royal Family is a direct family member of the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. ... 1936 (MCMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Tatoi, located 15 kilometers north of the center of Athens, was the summer palace and private property of the former Greek Royal Family, and the site of George II of the Helleness birth. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ...

References

Titles

• Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Olga Konstantinovna of Russia (1851 - 1867)
• Her Majesty The Queen of the Hellenes (1867 - 1913)
• Her Majesty Queen Olga of Greece (1913 - 1926)
• Her Majesty The Queen Regent (1920)

Through her life in Greece (1867 - 1926) she was widely referred to as Her Majesty The Queen Olga. 1851 (MDCCCLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

Duchess Marie Frederike Amelie of Oldenburg, Queen of Greece (born December 21, 1818 in Oldenburg, died May 20, 1875 in Bamberg) was the Consort of King Otto (1815-1867). ... This is a list of the Kings of Greece, formally known by the title of King of The Hellenes. ... October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 65 days remaining. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... March 18 is the 77th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (78th in leap years). ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Sophie Dorothea Ulrike Alice of Prussia (June 14, 1870 - January 13, 1932), was a Queen consort of Greece She was born in Potsdam, Germany in 1870 to then Crown Prince Frederick of Prussia and Victoria, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom, herself the eldest daughter of Queen Victoria and Prince...

External links

• Guide to Women Leaders