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Encyclopedia > Oliver Smithies
Oliver Smithies

Born July 23, 1925 (1925-07-23) (age 82)
Halifax, West Yorkshire, England
Nationality Flag of the United Kingdom United Kingdom
Flag of the United States United States
Field Biochemistry, genetics
Institutions University of Toronto
University of Wisconsin-Madison
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Alma mater Balliol College, University of Oxford
Known for Gel electrophoresis, gene targeting
Notable prizes Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (2001)
Wolf Prize in Medicine (2002)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2007)

Oliver Smithies (born July 23, 1925) is a British-born American geneticist and Nobel laureate,[1] credited with the discovery of gel electrophoresis in 1950, and the simultaneous discovery, with Mario Capecchi, of the technique of homologous recombination of transgenic DNA with genomic DNA, a much more reliable method of altering animal genomes than previously used, and the technique behind gene targeting and knockout mice. If you hold the copyright to an image (e. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see Halifax. ... Coat of Arms of South Yorkshire West Yorkshire is a metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, that has a population of 2. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes in living organisms. ... This article is about the general scientific term. ... The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... “University of Wisconsin” redirects here. ... The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public, coeducational, research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. ... and of the Balliol College College name Balliol College Named after John de Balliol Established 1263 Sister college St Johns College, Cambridge Master Andrew Graham JCR President Helen Lochead Undergraduates 403 MCR President Chelsea Payne Graduates 228 Location of Balliol College within central Oxford , Homepage Boatclub Balliol College (pronounced... The University of Oxford (usually abbreviated as Oxon. ... Gel electrophoresis is a technique used for the separation of deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, or protein molecules through an electric charge. ... Gene targeting is a genetic technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene. ... The Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is awarded by the Lasker Foundation for the understanding, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cure of disease. ... Past winners of the Wolf Prize in Medicine: 1978 George D. Snell, Jean Dausset, Jon J. van Rood 1979 Roger W. Sperry, Arvid Carlsson, Oleh Hornykiewicz 1980 Cesar Milstein, Leo Sachs, Sir James L. Gowans 1981 Barbara McClintock, Stanley N. Cohen 1982 Jean-Pierre Changeux, Solomon H. Snyder, Sir James... Image File history File links Nobel_prize_medal. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... “UK” redirects here. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... The Nobel Prizes (pronounced no-BELL or no-bell) are awarded annually to people who have done outstanding research, invented groundbreaking techniques or equipment, or made outstanding contributions to society. ... Gel electrophoresis is a technique used for the separation of deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, or protein molecules through an electric charge. ... Mario Renato Capecchi (born 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... Chromosomal crossover is the process by which two chromosomes, paired up during Prophase I of meiosis, exchange some distal portion of their DNA. Crossover occurs when two chromosomes, normally two homologous instances of the same chromosome, break and then reconnect but to the different end piece. ... The structure of part of a DNA double helix Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a nucleic acid molecule that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. ... A knockout mouse is a genetically engineered mouse one or more of whose genes have been made inoperable. ...

Contents

Early life

Smithies was born in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England. He has said that his love of science comes from an early fascination with radios and telescopes.[2] For other uses, see Halifax. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... 50 cm refracting telescope at Nice Observatory. ...


Smithies read Physiology for a BA First class 1946 and then earned a second bachelor's degree in chemistry.[3] He also received a MA 1951 and a DPhil in Biochemistry in 1951 at Balliol College, Oxford. On scholarship to Oxford, Smithies dropped out of medical school to study chemistry instead.[2] This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... A B.A. issued from the University of Tennessee. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The degree of Master of Arts degree is an undergraduate degree awarded by the universities of Oxford and Cambridge as well as by the University of Dublin. ... Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated Ph. ... and of the Balliol College College name Balliol College Named after John de Balliol Established 1263 Sister college St Johns College, Cambridge Master Andrew Graham JCR President Helen Lochead Undergraduates 403 MCR President Chelsea Payne Graduates 228 Location of Balliol College within central Oxford , Homepage Boatclub Balliol College (pronounced... Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center in Lubbock, Texas, USA. A medical school or faculty of medicine is a tertiary educational institution or part of such an institution that teaches medicine. ... For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). ...


Professional positions and research

From 1953 to 1960, Smithies worked in the Connaught Medical Research Laboratory, University of Toronto, Canada, due to visa problems,[2] before he could return to his originally planned post as Assistant, Associate and Leon J. Cole and Hilldale Professor of Genetics and Medical Genetics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where he worked from 1960 to 1988.[2] The University of Toronto (U of T) is a public research university in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ... “University of Wisconsin” redirects here. ...


Since 1988, Smithies has been designated an Excellence Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.[4] The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is a public, coeducational, research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. ...


Smithies' work has advanced research in cystic fibrosis and could possibly have applications in other human diseases.[5] Along with gel electrophoresis, he developed gene targeting, a method of creating mice with more human-like characteristics for use in research.


He and Mario Capecchi both came to the same discoveries regarding gene targeting independently.[4] Smithies developed the technique while at the University of Wisconsin. Mario Renato Capecchi (born 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ...


In 2002, Smithies worked along with his wife, Dr. Nobuyo Madea, studying high blood pressure using genetically altered mice.[4] As of 1995, he still worked in his lab seven days a week.[3] Arterial hypertension, or high blood pressure is a medical condition where the blood pressure is chronically elevated. ... Mice may refer to: An abbreviation of Meetings, Incentives, Conferencing, Exhibitions. ...


Awards and honors

On October 8, 2007, Smithies was announced as co-winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, along with Mario Capecchi of the University of Utah and Martin Evans of Cardiff University for their work on gene targeting. He is the first full professor at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill to receive a Nobel Prize.[5] The team had been nominated several times previously for the Prize.[5] List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Mario Renato Capecchi (born 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... The University of Utah (also The U or the U of U or the UU), located in Salt Lake City, is the flagship public research university in the state of Utah, and one of 10 institutions that make up the Utah System of Higher Education. ... Sir Martin Evans is a British scientist, he is credited with discovering embryonic stem cells in 1981, and for the development of the knockout mouse Categories: Geneticists | Scientist stubs ... The main building of Cardiff University Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Cardiff University Cardiff University (Welsh: Prifysgol Caerdydd) is a leading university located in the civic centre of Cardiff, Wales. ... Nickname: Location in North Carolina Coordinates: , Country State Counties Orange, Durham, and Chatham Founded 1793 Government  - Mayor Kevin C. Foy Area  - City  19. ...

In 1990, Smithies received the Gairdner Foundation International Award for contributions to medical science. The award is often considered a precursor to the Nobel Prize in Medicine, and Smithies won it twice.[6] He also won the Alfred P. Sloan Award from the General Motors Foundation, the Ciba Award from the American Heart Foundation, and the Bristol Myers Squibb Award.[6] In 1993, he won the North Carolina Award for Science.[7] President Harding and the National Academy of Sciences at the White House, Washington, DC, April 1921 The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine. ... The House of the Academy, Cambridge, Massachusetts. ... The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is an organization that promotes cooperation between scientists, defends scientific freedom, encourages scientific responsibility and supports scientific education for the betterment of all humanity. ... The Gairdner Foundation International Award is given annually at a special dinner to three to six people for outstanding discoveries or contributions to medical science. ... Bristol-Myers Squibb (NYSE: BMY) is a pharmaceutical corporation, formed by a merger between two smaller pharmaceutical companies. ... The North Carolina Award is the highest civilian award bestowed by the U.S. state of North Carolina. ...

  • 1998 - American Association of Medical Colleges' Award for Distinguished Research was awarded to Smithies and Capecchi.
  • 1998 - Elected Foreign Member of the Royal Society.

Smithies won the International Okamoto Award from the Japan Vascular Disease Research Foundation in 2000, a prize with one million yen ($10,000); he accepted the award at the Gion Festival in Japan.[8] In 2001, Smithies was a recipient of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research with Martin Evans and Mario Capecchi for their work on homologous recombination; the award is often seen as an "American Nobel."[9] In 2002, Smithies was given the O. Max Gardner Award, the highest award for faculty in the University of North Carolina system, along with the 2002 Massry Award along with Capecchi for their pioneering work on genes. The Massry Prize is awarded by the Meira and Shaul G. Massry Foundation of Beverly Hills, California, and the winner receives $40,000 along with a gold medal.[4] For other uses, see Royal Society (disambiguation). ... Japanese 10 yen coin (obverse) showing Phoenix Hall of Byodoin Yen is the currency used in Japan. ... People and floats fill the streets at the Gion Matsuri. ... The Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research is awarded by the Lasker Foundation for the understanding, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cure of disease. ... Sir Martin Evans is a British scientist, he is credited with discovering embryonic stem cells in 1981, and for the development of the knockout mouse Categories: Geneticists | Scientist stubs ... Mario Renato Capecchi (born 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... Oliver Max Gardner (22 March 1882 -- 6 February 1947) was the Democratic governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1929 to 1933. ... The University of North Carolina is a sixteen-university system which comprises all public four-year universities in North Carolina, United States. ... “Beverly Hills” redirects here. ...


In 2003, Smithies was elected to the U.S. Institute of Medicine, one of the highest honors given to U.S. health professionals.[6] Also in 2003, Smithies received the Wolf Prize in Medicine, the third most prestigious award in medicine, along with Mario Capecchi and Ralph L. Brinster. In 2005, the USA charity March of Dimes awarded their $250,000 annual prize in Developmental Biology for research in gene targeting jointly to Smithies and Mario Capecchi.[10] The Institute of Medicine, a part of the National Academy of Sciences, is an American organization whose purpose is to provide national advice on issues relating to biomedical science, medicine, and health (National Academy of Sciences, n. ... Past winners of the Wolf Prize in Medicine: 1978 George D. Snell, Jean Dausset, Jon J. van Rood 1979 Roger W. Sperry, Arvid Carlsson, Oleh Hornykiewicz 1980 Cesar Milstein, Leo Sachs, Sir James L. Gowans 1981 Barbara McClintock, Stanley N. Cohen 1982 Jean-Pierre Changeux, Solomon H. Snyder, Sir James... Ralph L. Brinster (1932) is an American veterinarian and Richard J. Mellon Professor of Reproductive Physiology at the School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. ... March of Dimes official logo March of Dimes is the name of health charities in both the United States and Canada. ...


Smithies was given an honorary degree by the University of Chicago in 1991.[11] The University of Chicago is a private university located principally in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. ...


Personal life

Despite being color-blind, Smithies is a licensed private airplane pilot who owns three airplanes and enjoys gliding.[2][3] Smithies became a naturalized American citizen.[12] His wife, Nabuyo Maeda, is a pathology professor at UNC; he was previously married to Louise Kitze, a scientist at the University of Wisconsin.[3] After Maeda did not get offered a job from Wisconsin and was hired instead by UNC, Smithies moved to Chapel Hill as well.[3] Color blindness in humans is the inability to perceive differences between some or all colors that other people can distinguish. ...


References

  1. ^ The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007. The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-10-08.
  2. ^ a b c d e 3 Win Nobel in Medicine for Gene Technology. New York Times. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  3. ^ a b c d e SCIENTIST AT WORK: Oliver Smithies; Sprinting Along for Five Decades. New York Times. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  4. ^ a b c d Smithies wins top award from Massry Foundation. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill News Service. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  5. ^ a b c "UNC professor wins Nobel Prize", The Daily Tarheel. Retrieved on 2007-10-09. 
  6. ^ a b c Institute of Medicine elects Oliver Smithies. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill News Service. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  7. ^ http://statelibrary.dcr.state.nc.us/ncawards/nca2.asp?bn=osmithies
  8. ^ Oliver Smithies wins major award from Japanese research foundation. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill News Service. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  9. ^ 2001 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. Lasker Foundation. Retrieved on 1 October 2007.
  10. ^ March of Dimes Awards $250,000 Prize to Pioneers in Genetic Research. University of Utah. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  11. ^ Commencements; First Lady Urges Tolerance at Northeastern Graduation. New York Times. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.
  12. ^ "Knockout Mice" Designers Win Nobel Prize. Reuters. Retrieved on 10 October 2007.

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st Century. ... is the 281st day of the year (282nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st Century. ... is the 282nd day of the year (283rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

v • d • e
Wolf Prize in Medicine Laureates

George Snell / Jean Dausset / Jon J. van Rood (1978) • Roger Sperry / Arvid Carlsson / Oleh Hornykiewicz (1979) • César Milstein / Leo Sachs / James L. Gowans (1980) • Barbara McClintock / Stanley Norman Cohen (1981) • Jean-Pierre Changeux / Solomon H. Snyder / James W. Black (1982) • Donald F. Steiner (1984) • Osamu Hayaishi (1986) • Pedro Cuatrecasas / Meir Wilchek (1987) • Henri G. Hers / Elizabeth F. Neufeld (1988) • John Gurdon / Edward B. Lewis (1989) • Maclyn McCarty (1990) • Seymour Benzer (1991) • Judah Folkman (1992) • Michael Berridge / Yasutomi Nishizuka (1994) • Stanley B. Prusiner (1995) • Mary F. Lyon (1997) • Michael Sela / Ruth Arnon (1998) • Eric Kandel (1999) • Avram Hershko / Alexander Varshavsky (2001) • Ralph L. Brinster / Mario Capecchi / Oliver Smithies (2002) • Robert Weinberg / Roger Y. Tsien (2004) • Alexander Levitzki / Anthony R. Hunter / Anthony Pawson (2005) Past winners of the Wolf Prize in Medicine: 1978 George D. Snell, Jean Dausset, Jon J. van Rood 1979 Roger W. Sperry, Arvid Carlsson, Oleh Hornykiewicz 1980 Cesar Milstein, Leo Sachs, Sir James L. Gowans 1981 Barbara McClintock, Stanley N. Cohen 1982 Jean-Pierre Changeux, Solomon H. Snyder, Sir James... George Davis Snell (December 19, 1903 – June 6, 1996) was a U.S. geneticist and co-recipient of the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with Baruj Benacerraf and Jean Dausset, for discovery of the Major histocompatibility complex genes which encode cell surface molecules important for the immune... Jean Dausset (b. ... Image:Roger W Sperry. ... Arvid Carlsson (b. ... César Milstein (October 8, 1927 – March 24, 2002) was an Argentine-born scientist who spent most of his life in Great Britain. ... Leo Sachs (born 1924) is a German-born Israeli molecular biologist and cancer researcher. ... Barbara McClintock (June 16, 1902 – September 2, 1992) was a pioneering American scientist and one of the worlds most distinguished cytogeneticists. ... Stanley Norman Cohen is an American geneticist. ... Jean-Pierre Changeux (born in Domont, France, April 7, 1936) is a French neuroscientist, who researched many different areas of biology in his life, from the structure and function of proteins, to the early development of the nervous system. ... Dr. Solomon Snyder (born December 26, 1938) is an American neuroscientist. ... Sir James Whyte Black, OM, FRS, FRSE, FRCP (born 14 July 1924) is a Scottish pharmacologist who invented Propranolol, synthesized Cimetidine and was awarded the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988 for these discoveries. ... Donald F. Steiner (1930) is an American biochemist and a professor at the University of Chicago. ... Osamu Hayaishi ) (born 1920) is a Japanese biologist and a professor at Osaka Biocience Institute. ... Pedro Cuatrecasas (1936) is an American biochemist and an Adjunct Professor of Pharmacology & Medicine at the University of California, San Diego. ... Meir Wilchek (1935) is a professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science. ... Henri-Géry Hers (born 1923) is a Belgian physiologist and biochemist, and he was a professor at the Universite Catholique de Louvain. ... Elizabeth F. Neufeld (b. ... John Gurdon is a controversial British biologist. ... Edward B. Lewis (May 20, 1918 – July 21, 2004) was an American geneticist, the winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Medicine. ... Maclyn McCarty (June 9, 1911–January 2, 2005) was an American geneticist. ... Seymour Benzer (born October 15, 1921) is an accomplished American physicist and biologist. ... Dr. Judah Folkman (b. ... Sir Michael John Berridge FRS (born October 22, 1938) is a British biologist. ... Yasutomi Nishizuka (1932-2004) is a Japanese biologist who found protein kinasse C (PKC) and made important contribution to the understanding of molecular mechanism of signal transduction across the cell membrane. ... Stanley Ben Prusiner (born May 28, 1942[1]) is an American neurologist and biochemist. ... Mary Francis Lyon (b. ... Michael Sela (1924-) is the W. Garfield Weston Professor of Immunology at the Weizmann Institute of Science. ... Ruth Arnon is an Israeli biochemsit and codeveloper of the multiple schlerosis drug Copaxone. ... Eric Richard Kandel (born November 7, 1929) is a neuroscientist who won a Nobel Prize in the year 2000 for his research on the physiological basis of memory storage in neurons. ... Avram Hershko (‎, born Herskó Ferenc, 31 December 1937) is an Israeli biologist. ... Alexander Varshavsky is a Russian American biochemist and recipient of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, the Wolf Prize in Medicine and the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize for his research on ubiquitination. ... Ralph L. Brinster (1932) is an American veterinarian and Richard J. Mellon Professor of Reproductive Physiology at the School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania. ... Mario Renato Capecchi (born 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... Category: ... Roger Yonchien Tsien (1952-) is an American chemist and a professor at the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego. ... Alexander Levitzki (1940-) is an Israeli biochemist who is a Professor of Biochemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. ... Anthony R. Hunter (b. ... Dr. Anthony James Pawson Anthony James Pawson, O.C., Ph. ...

v • d • e
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Laureates

Leland H. Hartwell / Tim Hunt / Paul Nurse (2001) • Sydney Brenner / H. Robert Horvitz / John E. Sulston (2002) • Paul Lauterbur / Peter Mansfield (2003) • Richard Axel / Linda B. Buck (2004) • Barry Marshall / Robin Warren (2005) • Andrew Fire / Craig Mello (2006) • Mario Capecchi / Martin Evans / Oliver Smithies (2007) List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Winners of the Nobel Prize are scientists, writers and peacemakers who have been awarded in their field of endeavour, and who are known collectively as either Nobel laureates or Nobel Prize winners. ... Leland H. Hartwell (born October 30, 1939, in Los Angeles, California) is president and director of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, Washington. ... Dr. Richard Timothy (Tim) Hunt (b. ... Sir Paul M. Nurse, FRS, (b. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... H. Robert Horvitz is an American biologist best known for his research on the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. ... Sir John Edward Sulston PhD, FRS (born March 27, 1942) was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge graduating in 1963. ... Paul Christian Lauterbur, (born May 6, 1929) is an American chemist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 with Peter Mansfield for his work which made the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) possible. ... Sir Peter Mansfield, FRS, (born 9 October 1933), is a British physicist who was awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ... Richard Axel, M.D. (born July 2, 1946, New York City) is an American scientist whose work on the olfactory system won him and Linda B. Buck, a former post-doctoral scientist in his research group, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2004. ... Linda B. Buck, Ph. ... Barry James Marshall, FRS FAA (born 30 September 1951 in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia) is an Australian physician and Professor of Clinical Microbiology at the University of Western Australia. ... J. Robin Warren (born June 11, 1937 in Adelaide) is an Australian pathologist and researcher who is credited with the 1979 discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. ... Andrew Z. Fire Andrew Zachary Fire (born on April 27th 1959) is an American professor of pathology and of genetics at the Stanford University School of Medicine. ... Craig C. Mello, PhD Craig Cameron Mello (born October 18, 1960 in New Haven, Connecticut) is one of the laureates of the 2006 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Andrew Z. Fire, for the discovery of RNA interference. ... Mario Renato Capecchi (born 6 October 1937) is an Italian-born American molecular geneticist and a co-winner of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... Sir Martin Evans is a British scientist, he is credited with discovering embryonic stem cells in 1981, and for the development of the knockout mouse Categories: Geneticists | Scientist stubs ...


  Results from FactBites:
 
Oliver Smithies - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (358 words)
1971- Smithies was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences.
1978- Smithies was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
2001 - Smithies was awarded the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research, the second most prestigious award in medicine, with Martin Evans and Mario Capecchi for his work on homologous recombination.
On Target - The World and I Magazine (3091 words)
Smithies sought to harness the process, called homologous crossing over, by which genetic traits are recombined as they pass from generation to generation.
Smithies and Capecchi received the 1993 Gairdner Foundation Award for their contributions to the development of these "knockout" mice, so named because the mutation usually deactivates the target gene.
Smithies himself helped develop mouse models for cystic fibrosis and thalassemia (a disease related to sickle cell anemia) and is working on mice with genetic mutations associated with sickle cell anemia and hypertension.
  More results at FactBites »

 

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