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Encyclopedia > Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.

Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr.

Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. c. 1894
Born August 29, 1809(1809-08-29)
Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died October 7, 1894 (aged 85)
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Occupation Author, Professor of Anatomy and Physiology

Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., (August 29, 1809October 7, 1894) was a physician by profession but achieved fame as a writer; he was one of the best regarded American poets of the 19th century. This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Massachusetts. ... Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Middlesex Settled 1630 Incorporated 1636 Government  - Type Mayor-City Council  - Mayor Kenneth Reeves (D) Area  - Total 7. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Massachusetts. ... Boston redirects here. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... This article is about work. ... For other uses, see Author (disambiguation). ... is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... is the 280th day of the year (281st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Doctor. ... A writer is anyone who creates a written work, although the word more usually designates those who write creatively or professionally, or those who have written in many different forms. ... Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Contents

Life and career

He was born at Cambridge, Massachusetts, the son of Abiel Holmes (1763-1837), a Calvinist clergyman, avid historian, author of Annals of America (a critically praised work for which he was granted an honorary doctorate from the University of Edinburgh) and of unnotable poetry, and his second wife, Sarah Wendell, of a prominent New York family. Through her, Dr. Holmes was descended from Massachusetts Governors Thomas Dudley and Simon Bradstreet and his wife, Dudley's daughter, Anne Bradstreet, the first published American female poet. In 1840, Holmes married Amelia Lee Jackson, daughter of the Hon. Charles Jackson (1775-1855), formerly Associate Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. Their son was the Civil War hero and great American jurist Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Middlesex Settled 1630 Incorporated 1636 Government  - Type Mayor-City Council  - Mayor Kenneth Reeves (D) Area  - Total 7. ... Abiel Holmes (December 24, 1763-June 4, 1837) was an American Congregational clergyman and historian in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ... Thomas Dudley (October 12, 1576–July 31, 1653) was a colonial magistrate who served several terms as governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. ... Simon Bradstreet (March 18, 1603–March 27, 1697) was a colonial magistrate, businessman and governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. ... Title page, second (posthumous) edition of Bradstreets poems, 1678 Anne Bradstreet (ca. ... Charles Jackson (1775 - 1855) was an American jurist, born in Newburyport, Massachusetts. ... Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. ...


He was educated at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and at Harvard College. In 1833 Holmes attended the famed École de Médecine in Paris. He pursued his medical studies in the Parisian hospital system, popularly viewed as the birthplace of modern medicine and the modern style of medical education[1], at institutions such as La Charité and La Pitié Salpêtrière. Holmes was a student of Dr. Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis, who demonstrated the ineffectiveness of bloodletting as a treatment for fevers and other disorders, which method had been a mainstay of medical practice since antiquity.[2] Dr. Louis was one of the fathers of the méthode expectante, the therapeutic doctrine claiming that the physician's role was only to assist nature as it healed. Upon his return to Boston, Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. became one of leading proponents of the méthode expectante in America.[3]. Holmes' M.D. was ultimately granted from Harvard, where he would later become Parkman Professor of Anatomy and Physiology Phillips Academy (also known as Phillips Andover or simply P.A. or Andover) is a co-educational University preparatory school for boarding and day students in grades 9-12. ... This article is about the Massachusetts town. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Harvard Yard Harvard College is the undergraduate section and oldest school of Harvard University, founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts Legislature. ... Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis (1787-1872, was a French physician, known for introducing the use of statistics in the field of medicine. ...


He first attained national prominence with his poem Old Ironsides about the 18th century frigate USS Constitution, which was to be broken up for scrap; the poem generated public sentiment that resulted in the historic ship being preserved as a monument. One of his most popular works was The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table. He was one of the five members of the group known as the Fireside Poets. He contributed poems and essays to the Atlantic Monthly from its inception, and also published novels. Holmes is also known for his writing of several beautiful hymns which are found by following this link: http://www.cyberhymnal.org/bio/h/o/l/holmes_ow.htm (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... “ Old Ironsides ” redirects here. ... The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table (1858) is a collection of essays written by Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr. ... The Fireside Poets (also known as the Schoolroom or Household Poets) were a group of 19th-century American poets from New England. ... The Atlantic Monthly (also known as The Atlantic) is an American literary/cultural magazine that was founded in November 1857. ...


In 1843, Holmes published The Contagiousness of Puerperal Fever and controversially concluded that puerperal fever was frequently carried from patient to patient by physicians and nurses.[4] Holmes, along with Ignaz Semmelweis in 1846, were the first to publish recommendations that healthcare workers wash their hands. Although his recommendations had little impact on health practices at the time, as a result of the seminal studies by Semmelweis and Holmes, handwashing gradually became accepted as one of the most important measures for preventing transmission of pathogens in health-care facilities.[5] Holmes was also a vocal critic of homeopathy. He published an essay Homeopathy and Its Kindred Delusions in which he denounced the practice. Puerperal fever (from the latin puer, child), also called childbed fever or puerperal sepsis, is a serious form of septicaemia contracted by a woman during or shortly after childbirth or abortion. ... Ignaz Semmelweis (1860 portrait): advised handwashing with a chlorinated-lime solution in 1847. ... Homeopathic remedy Rhus toxicodendron, derived from poison ivy. ...


In 1846, in a letter to William T. G. Morton, the dentist who was the first practitioner to publicly demonstrate the use of ether during surgery, Holmes coined the word anesthesia. Dr. Holmes developed the popular model of the stereoscope, a 19th century entertainment in which pictures were viewed in 3-D. He was widely known and admired during his life. The noted Sherlockian Michael Harrison conjectured that the British author Arthur Conan Doyle drew one inspiration for his famous fictional detective Sherlock Holmes from a real-life self-described "consulting detective" named Wendel Scherer changing "Scherer" to "Sherlock" and "Wendel" to "Holmes" by association with Oliver Wendell Holmes.[6] For many years, Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman was his private secretary. William Thomas Green Morton (August 9, 1819 - July 15, 1868) was responsible for the first successful public demonstration of ether as an inhalation anesthetic. ... X-rays can reveal if a person has cavities Dentistry is the practical application of knowledge of dental science (the science of placement, arrangement, function of teeth) to human beings. ... This article is about the chemical compound. ... “Surgeon” redirects here. ... Words and phrases are often created, or coined, by combining existing words, or by giving words new and unique suffixes and/or prefixes. ... Anesthesia or anaesthesia (see spelling differences) has traditionally meant the condition of having the perception of pain and other sensations blocked. ... Pocket stereoskop WILD 1985 Old Zeiss pocket stereoscope with original test image Stereo card of a stereoscope in use. ... Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, DL (22 May 1859–7 July 1930) was a British author most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, which are generally considered a major innovation in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. ... A portrait of Sherlock Holmes by Sidney Paget from the Strand Magazine, 1891 Sherlock Holmes is a fictional detective of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, who first appeared in publication in 1887. ... Mary Eleanor Wilkins Freeman (October 31, 1852 – March 13, 1930) was a prominent female American writer of the Victorian era known for her short stories and novels of life in New England villages. ...


There is a frequently repeated story about Dr. Holmes, but not always mentioning him by name. While awakening from ether induced unconsciousness, he strongly believed he had discovered the key to all the mysteries of the universe. He wrote down the secret, but when his head had cleared he found he'd written "A strong smell of turpentine prevails throughout."[7][8][9]


Holmes died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1894, and is buried in Mount Auburn Cemetery. Mount Auburn Cemetery Mount Auburn Cemetery Hunnewell family obelisk Civil War memorial Founded in 1831 as Americas first garden cemetery, Mount Auburn Cemetery is an Elysium where, traditionally, chaste classical monuments were set in rolling landscaped terrain. ...

A Young Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.
A Young Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.

The school library of Phillips Academy in Andover, MA is Oliver Wendell Holmes Library, or the OWHL. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 391 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (954 × 1462 pixel, file size: 797 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Oliver Wendell Holmes... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 391 × 599 pixel Image in higher resolution (954 × 1462 pixel, file size: 797 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Oliver Wendell Holmes... Phillips Academy (also known as Phillips Andover or simply P.A. or Andover) is a co-educational University preparatory school for boarding and day students in grades 9-12. ... Andover is a town located in Essex County, Massachusetts. ...


Quotations

  • "A pun does not commonly justify a blow in return. But if a blow were given for such cause, and death ensued, the jury would be judges both of the facts and of the pun, and might, if the latter were of an aggravated character, return a verdict of justifiable homicide."
  • "Man's mind, once stretched by a new idea, never regains its original dimensions." (O.W. Holmes, Sr. 1858) [10]
  • "Knowledge and timber shouldn't be much used till they are seasoned."
  • "if the whole materia medica, as now used, could be sunk to the bottom of the sea, it would be so much the better for mankind – and all the worse for the fishes" [11]
  • "...the white man hates him [the Indian], and hunts him down like the wild beasts of the forest, and so the red-crayon sketch is rubbed out, and the canvas is ready for a picture of manhood a little more like God's own image." [12]
  • "Gentlemen, damn the sphenoid bone!"[13]

Materia medica is a Latin term for any material or substance used in the composition of curative agents in medicine. ... The sphenoid bone (from Greek sphenoeides, wedgelike) is a bone situated at the base of the skull in front of the temporals and basilar part of the occipital bone. ...

Footnotes

  1. ^ Waddington, Ivan. "The Role of the Hospital in the Development of Modern Medicine: A Sociological Analysis" in Sociology, 7(2), pp. 211-224.
  2. ^ Louis' findings on the subject were published as Recherches sur les effets de la saignée dans quelques maladies inflammatoires (Research on the effects of bloodletting on several inflammatory disorders).
  3. ^ Dowling, William C. Oliver Wendell Holmes in Paris: Medicine, Theology, and The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table University Press of New England: Hanover (2006)
  4. ^ The Contagiousness of Puerperal Fever
  5. ^ CDC Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings
  6. ^ Michael Harrison, A Study in Surmise, Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, February 1971, p. 59.
  7. ^ Laybourn, G. P. Jr., It's Turpentine, Time Magazine, Oct. 04, 1948 (Letters)
  8. ^ The Consolations of Philosophy, Time Magazine, Aug. 30, 1948
  9. ^ Holmes, Oliver Wendell Mechanism in Thought and Morals, Sampson Low, Son, and Marston: London (1871) p. 55.
  10. ^ Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Sr. (1858) The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table, Boston: The Atlantic Monthly.
  11. ^ John H Warner, The Therapeutic Perspective: Medical Practice, Knowledge and Identity in America, 1828-1885, Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press, 1986, pages 28, 33.
  12. ^ Thomas F. Gossett (1963) Race: the History of an Idea in America (Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press). 243.
  13. ^ Human Anatomy Reference Center, Quotable Quotes in Anatomy [1]

External links

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Other Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive and distribute cultural works. ... Internet Archive headquarters is in the Presidio, a former US military base in San Francisco. ...

Persondata
NAME Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Sr.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES
SHORT DESCRIPTION Poet, essayist, physician
DATE OF BIRTH August 29, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Cambridge, Massachusetts
DATE OF DEATH October 7, 1894
PLACE OF DEATH Cambridge, Massachusetts

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