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Encyclopedia > On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church

On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church is a theological and historical work by the Protestant Reformer, Martin Luther. In this work Luther purports to prove that the Roman Catholic Church (as then constituted) is the prophesied "Whore of Babylon" of the Book of Revelation in the New Testament.


This polemic came after Luther's break with Catholicism was sure; he seemed determined to condemn in terms at least as strident as he himself had been condemned. This work and several others similar to it helped created the bitter divide between Protestantism and Catholicism that truly only began to thaw in the aftermath of the Second Vatican Council.


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Babylonian Captivity of the Church - definition of Babylonian Captivity of the Church in Encyclopedia (3180 words)
This nickname is polemical, in that it refers to the claim by critics that the prosperity of the church at this time was accompanied by a profound compromise of the Papacy's spiritual integrity, especially in the alleged subordination of the powers of the Church to the ambitions of the Frankish emperor.
For the church, an institution embedded in the secular structure and its focus on property, this was a dangerous development and in the early 14th century most of these developments were declared heretic.
Furthermore, the display of wealth by the upper ranks of the church, which was in contrast to the common expectation of poverty and strict adherence to principles, was used by the Papacy's enemy in raising charges against them: King of France Philippe used it as well as Ludwig IV of Bavaria.
Encyclopedia: Babylonian captivity (3561 words)
Babylonian captivity, or Babylonian exile, is the name generally given to the deportation and exile of the Jews of the ancient Kingdom of Judah to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar.
The Babylonian Captivity and the subsequent return from captivity (back to Israel), was seen as one of the great pivotal acts in the drama between God and His people, Israel.
The Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy, or of the Church, which refers to the Papacy's sojourn in Avignon, France between 1309 and 1378, when the Popes were seen by some as "captives" of the French Kings.
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