NationMaster - Encyclopedia: One Nation Party

One Nation is a nationalist and protectionist political group in Australia. It won nearly a quarter of the vote in a Queensland state election in 1998 and threatened to make major inroads into the vote of the main parties. It then suffered many damaging internal conflicts, and by 2005 ceased to exist as a federal party. Emblems: Faunal - Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus); Floral - Cooktown orchid (Dendrobium bigibbum); Bird - Brolga (Grus rubicunda); Aquatic - Barrier Reef Anemonefish (Amphiprion akindynos); Gem - Sapphire; Colour - Maroon Motto: Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Const. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Overview

One Nation was formed in 1997 by Pauline Hanson, David Oldfield and David Ettridge. Hanson, an endorsed Liberal Party candidate for the seat of Oxley at the 1996 federal election, had been disendorsed by the party shortly before the elections due to comments against what she saw as "race-based welfare," made to local newspaper in Ipswich, Queensland. Oldfield, a Councillor on Manly Council in suburban Sydney and at one time an employee of Liberal minister Tony Abbott, was the organisational architect of the new party. He and Ettridge were known as "the two Davids" and were seen as the brains behind Hanson's populist image. 1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pauline Hanson delivers her maiden speech to the Australian Federal Parliament (September 10, 1996) Pauline Lee Hanson (born May 27, 1954) is a controversial retired Australian politician who was the leader of One Nation Party, a party with a staunch anti-immigration, nativist platform. ... David Ernest Oldfield (born 1958), Australian politician, is a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. ... The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian liberal conservative political party. ... The Division of Oxley is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. ... Legislative elections were held in Australia on 2 March 1996. ... Ipswich is a city and Local Government Area situated on the Bremer River in South East Queensland, Australia. ... Emblems: Faunal - Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus); Floral - Cooktown orchid (Dendrobium bigibbum); Bird - Brolga (Grus rubicunda); Aquatic - Barrier Reef Anemonefish (Amphiprion akindynos); Gem - Sapphire; Colour - Maroon Motto: Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Const. ... Manly Beach Manly is a suburb in Local Government Area of Manly Council on Northern Beaches of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. ... The Sydney Opera House on Sydney Harbour Sydney (pronounced ) is the most populous city in Australia with a metropolitan area population of over 4. ... The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian liberal conservative political party. ... Hon Tony Abbott Anthony John Tony Abbott (born 4 November 1957), Australian politician, is the Minister for Health and Ageing and Leader of the House in the Australian federal government. ...

The name "One Nation" was chosen to signify national unity, in contrast to what Hanson claimed to see as an increasing division in Australian society caused by government policies favouring migrants (multiculturalism) and indigenous Australians. The term derives from British politics (where it is used in a quite different sense: see One Nation Conservatism), but was last used in Australian political life to describe a tax reform package by the Labor government of Paul Keating, whose urban-based, Asia-centric, free-market, and pro-affirmative action policies were representational of exactly what One Nation voters were opposing. Multiculturalism is an ideology advocating that society should consist of, or at least allow and include, distinct cultural groups, with equal status. ... Australian Aborigines are the main indigenous people of Australia. ... One Nation, One Nation Conservatism, or Tory Democracy is a term used in political debate in the United Kingdom to refer to one wing of the Conservative Party. ... Paul John Keating (born 18 January 1944), was an Australian politician and the 24th Prime Minister of Australia, serving as Prime Minister from 1991 to 1996. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Political commentator B.A. Santamaria attributed One Nation's rise to a "sense of alienation" that many Australians felt towards the political system in the 1990s and the failure of mainstream political parties to respond to this disaffection. ^[1] Other media views emphasised One Nation's unequivocal views on immigration, multiculturalism, and indigenous Australians. Believing the other parties were out of touch with ordinary Australians, One Nation promised to reduce immigration and to abolish "divisive and discriminatory policies... attached to aboriginal and multicultural affairs." The party also denounced economic rationalism and globalisation, reflecting working-class dissatisfaction with the neo-liberal economic policies embraced by the major parties. Adopting a strong protectionist platform, One Nation advocated the restoration of import tariffs, a revival of Australia's manufacturing industry, and an increase in support for small business and the rural sector. ^[2] Bartholomew Augustine Santamaria (14 August 1915 - 25 February 1998), (known in public as B.A. Santamaria and in private as Bob), Australian political activist and journalist, was one of the most influential political figures in recent Australian history, but never held public office or joined a political party. ... Economic rationalism is an Australian term in discussion of microeconomic policy, applicable to the economic policy of many governments around the world, in particular during the 1980s and 1990s. ... Globalization is a term used to describe the changes in societies and the world economy that are the result of dramatically increased trade and cultural exchange. ... Protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between nations, through methods such as high tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, a variety of restrictive government regulations designed to discourage imports, and anti-dumping laws in an attempt to protect domestic industries in a particular nation from foreign take-over... A tariff is a tax placed on imported and/or exported goods, sometimes called a customs duty. ... Manufacturing, a branch of industry which accounts for about one-quarter of the worlds economic activity, is the application of tools and a processing medium to the transformation of raw materials into finished goods for sale. ...

Electoral performance

One Nation's peak was the 1998 Queensland state election, at which the party won 22.7% of the vote and 11 of the 89 seats. This was more than received by both the National Party and Liberal Party of Australia, and second only to the ALP. Subsequently, the One Nation contingent in the Queensland Parliament split, with dissident members forming the rival City-Country Alliance in late 1999. 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Emblems: Faunal - Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus); Floral - Cooktown orchid (Dendrobium bigibbum); Bird - Brolga (Grus rubicunda); Aquatic - Barrier Reef Anemonefish (Amphiprion akindynos); Gem - Sapphire; Colour - Maroon Motto: Audax at Fidelis (Bold but Faithful) Slogan or Nickname: Sunshine State, Smart State Other Australian states and territories Capital Brisbane Government Const. ... The National Party of Australia is an Australian political party. ... The City Country Alliance (1999-2003) was a short lived conservative Australian political party that briefly held six Queensland state seats. ... 1999 (MCMXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday, and was designated the International Year of Older Persons by the United Nations. ...

At the 1998 federal election, Hanson lost her seat to ALP candidate Bernie Ripoll, but One Nation succeeded in electing Heather Hill as a Senator for Queensland, only to see a successful Constitutional challenge on Hill's eligibility to run on the basis that she had failed to renounce her childhood British citizenship, despite being a naturalised Australian citizen. The seat subsequently went to Len Harris. At the 1999 New South Wales election, David Oldfield was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council. Legislative elections were held in Australia on 3 October 1998. ... Bernie Ripoll Bernard Fernando Ripoll (born 6 June Australian politician. ... Heather Hill (9 August 1960 â€“ ) is an English-Australian politician. ... Australian Senate chamber Entrance to the Senate The Senate is the upper of the two houses of the Parliament of Australia. ... Len Harris was the sole One Nation Party representative to ever gain a seat in the Australian Parliament, representing the state of Queensland. ... Emblems: Floral - Waratah (Telopea speciosissima); Bird - Kookaburra (Dacelo gigas); Animal - Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus); Fish - Blue Groper (Achoerodus viridis) Motto: Orta Recens Quam Pura Nites (Newly Risen, How Brightly You Shine) Slogan or Nickname: First State, Premier State Other Australian states and territories Capital Sydney Government Const. ... David Ernest Oldfield (born 1958), Australian politician, is a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council. ...

In the 2001 Queensland state election, One Nation won only three seats and 8.69% of the primary vote. The City-Country Alliance won no seats. 2001: A Space Odyssey. ...

At the 2001 state election in Western Australia, One Nation won three seats in the state's Legislative Council. One Nation was unable to obtain any seats in state elections in Victoria, South Australia or Tasmania that year. Emblems: Floral - Kangaroo Paw (Anigozanthos manglesii); Mammal - Numbat (Myrmecobius fasciatus); Bird - Black Swan (Cygnus atratus) Motto: none Slogan or Nickname: Wildflower State Other Australian states and territories Capital Perth Government Const. ... Emblems: Pink heath (floral)Weedy Seadragon (Aquatic) helmeted honeyeater (bird) Leadbeaters possum (faunal) Motto: Peace and Prosperity Slogan or Nickname: Garden State, The Place To Be, On The Move Other Australian states and territories Capital Melbourne Government Const. ... Emblems: Hairy Nosed Wombat (faunal); Leafy Seadragon (marine); Piping Shrike (bird: unofficial); Sturts Desert Pea (floral); Opal (gemstone) Motto: United for the Common Wealth Slogan or Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Const. ... Emblems: Flora - Tasmanian Blue Gum; Mineral - Crocoite Motto: Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Slogan or Nickname: The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Const. ...

At the 2001 federal election, the party's vote fell and Hanson failed in a bid to win a Senate seat from Queensland. She also failed to win a seat in the New South Wales Legislative Council at the 2003 state election. She then withdrew from the party's leadership. (For Hanson's subsequent prosecution, conviction, imprisonment and release, see Pauline Hanson.) Legislative elections were held in Australia on 10 November 2001. ... The Legislative Council, or upper house, is one of the two chambers of the parliament of New South Wales in Australia. ... 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Pauline Hanson delivers her maiden speech to the Australian Federal Parliament (September 10, 1996) Pauline Lee Hanson (born May 27, 1954) is a controversial retired Australian politician who was the leader of One Nation Party, a party with a staunch anti-immigration, nativist platform. ...

Decline

Since the 1998 peak, One Nation has been plagued by internal divisions and has split several times. Lawsuits from ex-members forced Hanson to repay approximately A$500,000 of public funding won at the 1998 Queensland election amid claims that the party was fraudulently registered. The suits alleged that the party was undemocratically constituted in order to concentrate all power in the hands of three rulers - Pauline Hanson, David Ettridge and David Oldfield (in particular Oldfield), and that it technically had only two members - Ettridge and Hanson. 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ...

At the 2004 Queensland election, One Nation polled less than 5% of the vote and its sole elected representative, Rosa Lee Long, acted as an independent. One Nation attempted to defend its Queensland Senate seat at the 2004 federal election, but lost it (effectively to the National Party). Len Harris's Senate term expired on 30 June 2005. 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Australian Senate chamber Entrance to the Senate The Senate is the upper of the two houses of the Parliament of Australia. ... Legislative elections were held in Australia on 9 October 2004. ... June 30 is the 181st day of the year (182nd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 184 days remaining. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On 8 February 2005, One Nation lost federal party status^[3]. It still had state parties in Queensland and New South Wales. Soon after it created another state party in Western Australia. In the February 2005 Western Australian election, the One Nation vote collapsed. February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the 2006 South Australian state election, six One Nation candidates stood for the lower house. Their highest vote was 4.1% in the district of Hammond, 2.7% in Goyder, with the other four hovering around 1%. They attracted 0.8% (7559 votes) of the upper house vote. One Nation consequently won no seats in that election. Legislative elections for the Parliament of South Australia were held in South Australia on March 18, 2006. ... Hammond is an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. ... Goyder is an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. ...

In the 2006 Queensland state election, the party's vote collapsed, largely because it only contested 4 seats of the total 89. It suffered a swing of 4.3% to be left with just 0.6% of the vote. Despite this, their only remaining seat in the state (and country), Tablelands, was retained with an increased majority. [1] An election for the Queensland Legislative Assembly will be held on September 9, 2006, after being announced by Premier Peter Beattie on 15 August 2006. ... The electoral division of Tablelands is an electoral district in the state of Queensland, Australia. ...

During its brief period of popularity, One Nation had a great impact on Australian politics. The appeal of its policies to the National Party's constituency put great pressure on that party. For the rest of Australian politics, the party revealed a substantial minority of discontented voters dissatisfied with the major parties. Prime Minister John Howard's campaigning on issues of "border protection" at the 2001 federal election was widely seen as a successful effort to win One Nation voters back to the Liberal and National parties. Curiously, this seemingly successful appeal to former One Nation voters occurred despite the fact that Australia has experienced the highest continuous rates of immigration the country has ever seen since the Howard Government came to office. The National Party of Australia is an Australian political party. ... John Winston Howard (born 26 July 1939), Australian politician, is currently the Prime Minister of Australia. ...

Notes

1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

Reference

External links

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Political parties in Australia

Country Liberal Party · Democrats · Family First · Greens · Labor Party · Liberal Party · National Party Judicial High Court Lower Courts Constitution State and territory governments Executive Governors and Administrators Premiers and Chief Ministers Legislative Parliaments and Assemblies State electoral systems ACT - NSW - NT - Qld. ... In Australian politics, the Country Liberal Party (CLP) is the Northern Territory equivalent to the Liberal and National parties - the Country part of the partys name is a relic of when the National Party was called the Country Party. ... The Australian Democrats (in regular parlance, just the Democrats), is an Australian social liberal party formed in 1977 from the earlier Australia Party by Don Chipp, who left the Liberal Party of Australia to do so. ... The Family First Party is a political party in Australia. ... The Australian Greens, commonly known as The Greens, is the dominant Green political party in Australia. ... The Australian Labor Party (ALP) is Australias oldest political party. ... The Liberal Party of Australia is an Australian liberal conservative political party. ... The National Party of Australia is an Australian political party. ...

Contents

Electoral performance

Decline

Notes

Reference

External links