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Encyclopedia > Oonopidae
Wikipedia:How to read a taxobox
How to read a taxobox
Oonopid spiders
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Superfamily: Dysderoidea
Family: Oonopidae
Simon, 1890
Diversity
68 genera, 472 species

Genera

Oonops
Gamasomorpha
Ischnothyreus
Scaphiella
Orchestina
 many others Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Animalia redirects here. ... Subphyla and Classes Subphylum Trilobitomorpha Trilobita - trilobites (extinct) Subphylum Chelicerata Arachnida - spiders,scorpions, etc. ... Orders See text. ... Diversity 111 families, 40,000 species Suborders Mesothelae Mygalomorphae Araneomorphae  See table of families Closeup image of a Wolf Spider Wikispecies has information related to: Spiders Spiders are predatory invertebrate animals that have two body segments, eight legs, no chewing mouth parts and no wings. ... Diversity 4 families, 1247 species Families Dysderidae Oonopidae Orsolobidae Segestriidae The Dysderoidea are a superfamily of araneomorph spiders. ... Eugène Simon (April 30, 1848 - November 17, 1924) was a French arachnologist. ... This page lists all described species of the spider family Oonopidae as of May 4, 2006. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 648 × 300 pixelsFull resolution (648 × 300 pixel, file size: 36 KB, MIME type: image/png) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Oonopidae ... Diversity 71 species Species O. domesticus O. pulcher  many others Oonops is a spider genus mostly found in America, Europe to Russia and East and North Africa. ... Diversity 19 species Species See text. ...

The spider family Oonopidae (Goblin spiders) includes about 450 species in about 65 genera worldwide. The type genus of the family is Oonops Keyserling, 1835. They are generally tiny (1-3 mm) haplogyne araneomorph spiders. Some have hardened plates (scuta) on their abdomens. Oonopids usually have six eyes, the anterior median eyes having been lost. However, four-eyed (Opopaea viamao), two-eyed (e.g. Coxapopha, Diblemma) and even completely eyeless species (e.g. Cousinea, the cave-dwelling Blanioonops) are also known. The family is permeated with unusual morphological traits, many of which are limited to males. Examples include heavily modified mouthparts (e.g. Coxapopha, Xyccarph), sternal pouches (sometimes alternatively called holsters; e.g. Grymeus) and extensions of the carapace (e.g. Ferchestina, Unicorn). The male pedipalps are also often highly modified. The genus Opopaea, for example, exhibits an expanded palpal patella while male Ischnothyreus are characterized by completely sclerotized, pitch-black pedipalps. Members of the genus Orchestina are believed to be able to jump, as both sexes have greatly enlarged femora on the fourth leg pair. Oonopidae are seldom seen by people as they are too small to be easily noticed. Generally, oonopid spiders are found in the leaf litter layer and under rocks but they also constitute a significant component of the spider fauna living in the canopy of tropical rain forests. Three blind Afrotropical genera (Anophthalmoonops, Caecoonops, Termitoonops) are exclusively found in termite nests. A few species, such as the pantropical Heteroonops spinimanus, are thought to be parthenogenetic as no males have so far been collected. Diversity 111 families, 40,000 species Suborders Mesothelae Mygalomorphae Araneomorphae  See table of families Closeup image of a Wolf Spider Wikispecies has information related to: Spiders Spiders are predatory invertebrate animals that have two body segments, eight legs, no chewing mouth parts and no wings. ... In biological classification, family (Latin: familia, plural familiae) is 1) a rank or 2) a taxon in that rank. ... In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biodiversity. ... For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... A millimetre (American spelling: millimeter, symbol mm) is an SI unit of length that is equal to one thousandth of a metre. ... Families See text. ... The Araneomorphae, previously called the Labidognatha, are a suborder of spiders. ... Diversity 111 families, 40,000 species Suborders Mesothelae Mygalomorphae Araneomorphae  See table of families Closeup image of a Wolf Spider Wikispecies has information related to: Spiders Spiders are predatory invertebrate animals that have two body segments, eight legs, no chewing mouth parts and no wings. ... Scuta is the plural of the Latin word scutum and means shield. It is used for the following: For the Roman shield, see scutum (shield); For the zootomical term, see scute. ...

Contents

Systematics

See List of Oonopidae species for a complete list of described genera and species.

The categorization into subfamilies follows Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog. This page lists all described species of the spider family Oonopidae as of May 4, 2006. ...

  • Gamasomorphinae
  • Brignolia Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1983
  • Camptoscaphiella Caporiacco, 1934
  • Diblemma O. P.-Cambridge, 1908
  • Dysderina Simon, 1891
  • Epectris Simon, 1893
  • Gamasomorpha Karsch, 1881
  • Hytanis Simon, 1893
  • Ischnothyrella Saaristo, 2001
  • Ischnothyreus Simon, 1893
  • Kijabe Berland, 1914
  • Lionneta Benoit, 1979
  • Lisna Saaristo, 2001
  • Marsupopaea Cooke, 1972
  • Myrmecoscaphiella Mello-Leitão, 1926
  • Neoxyphinus Birabén, 1953
  • Nephrochirus Simon, 1910
  • Opopaea Simon, 1891
  • Patri Saaristo, 2001
  • Pelicinus Simon, 1891
  • Plectoptilus Simon, 1905
  • Prida Saaristo, 2001
  • Prodysderina Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1987
  • Pseudoscaphiella Simon, 1907
  • Pseudotriaeris Brignoli, 1974
  • Scaphiella Simon, 1891
  • Silhouettella Benoit, 1979
  • Triaeris Simon, 1891
  • Xyphinus Simon, 1893
  • Yumates Chamberlin, 1924
  • Grymeus Harvey, 1987
  • Kapitia Forster, 1956
  • Lucetia Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1983
  • Matyotia Saaristo, 2001
  • Myrmopopaea Reimoser, 1933
  • Oonopinae Simon, 1890
  • Anophthalmoonops Benoit, 1976
  • Aprusia Simon, 1893
  • Australoonops Hewitt, 1915
  • Blanioonops Simon & Fage, 1922
  • Caecoonops Benoit, 1964
  • Calculus Purcell, 1910
  • Heteroonops Dalmas, 1916
  • Hypnoonops Benoit, 1977
  • Oonopinus Simon, 1893
  • Oonopoides Bryant, 1940
  • Oonops Templeton, 1835
  • Orchestina Simon, 1882
  • Simonoonops Harvey, 2002
  • Socotroonops Saaristo & van Harten, 2002
  • Stenoonops Simon, 1891
  • Sulsula Simon, 1882
  • Tapinesthis Simon, 1914
  • Telchius Simon, 1893
  • Termitoonops Benoit, 1964
  • Unicorn Platnick & Brescovit, 1995
  • Wanops Chamberlin & Ivie, 1938
  • Xestaspis Simon, 1884
  • Xiombarg Brignoli, 1979
  • Xyccarph Brignoli, 1978
  • Zyngoonops Benoit, 1977
  • Aridella Saaristo, 2002
  • Cousinea Saaristo, 2001
  • Coxapopha Platnick, 2000
  • Decuana Dumitrescu & Georgescu, 1987
  • Dysderoides Fage, 1946
  • Farqua Saaristo, 2001
  • Ferchestina Saaristo & Marusik, 2004
  • Khamisia Saaristo & van Harten, 2006
  • Pescennina Simon, 1903

Diversity 19 species Species See text. ... Diversity 71 species Species O. domesticus O. pulcher  many others Oonops is a spider genus mostly found in America, Europe to Russia and East and North Africa. ... Incertae sedis—of uncertain position (seat)—is a term used to define a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. ...

Fossil record

Oonopidae are frequently encountered as subfossils preserved in copals and as fossils preserved in amber. Oonopids even occur in more amber deposits than any other spider family, which may be accounted for by their widespread distribution, small size and wandering behaviour as amber appears to be biased towards trapping such spiders. In contrast, sedimentary fossils of oonopidae are unknown. Most fossil oonopids described from amber are assigned to the extant genus Orchestina. This genus was already widespread by the end of the Cretaceous, as indicated by specimens found in amber dating back approximately 100 million years. This makes Orchestina the oldest extant spider genus along with the Archaeidae. Orchestina's fossil record even includes a pair of spiders that was entombed during copulation.


See also

Diversity 111 families Families see table The Araneae are an order of the arthropod class Arachnida with about 40,000 described species, although there are probably many species that have escaped the human eye to this day, and lots of specimen stored in collections waiting to be described and classified. ...

References

  • How to Know the Spiders by B. J. Kaston. Dubuque, 1953.
  • Jocqué, R. & Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S. (2006). Spider Families of the World. Royal Museum for Central Africa. 336 pp. ISBN: 90-75894-85-6.
  • Penney, D. (2004). New spiders in upper cretaceous amber from New Jersey in the American Museum of Natural History (Arthropoda: Araneae). Palaeontology 47(2): 367-375.
  • Penney, D. (2006). Fossil oonopid spiders in Cretaceous ambers from Canada and Myanmar. Palaeontology 49(1): 229-235.
  • Platnick, N.I. & Brescovit, A.D. (1995). On Unicorn, a new genus of the spider family Oonopidae (Araneae, Dysderoidea). American Museum Novitates 3152: 1-12. PDF

1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

External links

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Arthropoda - Arachnida - Spider families (Araneae) Spider web

  Results from FactBites:
 
Planetary Biodiversity Inventory: The Spider Family Oonopidae (2398 words)
Many of the litter-dwelling families belong to the Haplogynae, a relatively basal group of true spiders, and among them, it is unquestionably the Oonopidae (the "dwarf hunting spiders") that dominate most litter samples, both in diversity and abundance.
Resolution within the Dysderoidea varied among their analyses; those authors concluded that "familial relationships within the Dysderoidea (and the monophyly of the Oonopidae) remain uncertain" but favored a sister-group relationship between oonopids and orsolobids.
Although the monophyly of oonopids, as currently constituted, is not robustly supported, that uncertainty creates no practical problems in delimiting the taxa and specimens to be used in this project (i.e., dysderoids and oonopids, as currently defined, are easily recognizable in collections).
  More results at FactBites »

 

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