Opelika is a city in Lee County in east central Alabama. It is the county seat of Lee County and is a principal city, along with Auburn, Alabama, in the Auburn-Opelika, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). According to 2005 Census estimates, the population of Opelika is 23,804.^[1] The Auburn-Opelika, Alabama MSA is part of the greater Columbus-Auburn-Opelika, Georgia-Alabama Combined Statistical Area. Image File history File links ALMap-doton-Opelika. ... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Nickname: The Loveliest Village on the Plains Location in Lee County, Alabama Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Lee County, Alabama  - Mayor Bill Ham, Jr. ... The Auburn Metropolitan Area, officially the Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Statistical Area, is a metro area in east-central Alabama with a 2004 population of 120,743. ... The United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines micropolitan and metropolitan statistical areas. ...

History

The first white settlers in the area now known as Opelika arrived in the late 1830s and established a community called Lebenon. After the removal of the native peoples by force in 1836-37, the area became known as "Opelika", taken from a word in the Muskogee language meaning "large swamp". Settlement was sporadic until the late 1840s, when Opelika quickly became a commercial center with the coming of the railroad. Year 1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 (MDCCCXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... The Creek language, also known as Muscogee (Mvskoke in Creek), is a Muskogean language spoken by the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and Seminole Indians in Florida and Oklahoma. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ...

In 1848, the Montgomery & West Point Railroad Company extended a rail line from Montgomery, Alabama to Opelika, and in 1851 completed a connection to West Point, Georgia, thus connecting Opelika with Atlanta, Georgia. This line was the only direct rail route between New Orleans and the Eastern Seaboard, and rapidly became one of the primary trade lines for shipments of raw cotton from Southern plantations to the North. The Montgomery & West Point was soon joined by a rail connection to Columbus, Georgia in 1855, and a connection to Birmingham, Alabama in 1869. Almost overnight, Opelika became a regional hub for commerce. Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Montgomery Incorporated December 3, 1819 Mayor Bobby Bright Area    - City 404. ... West Point is a city located in Harris County, Georgia. ... Hotlanta redirects here. ... Nickname: Location in the State of Louisiana and the United States Coordinates: Country United States State Louisiana Parish Orleans Founded 1718 Government  - Mayor Ray Nagin (D) Area  - City  350. ... Categories: US geography stubs ... Cotton ready for harvest. ... Historic Southern United States. ... Columbus is a city in Muscogee County, Georgia, United States. ... Nickname: The Magic City, Pittsburgh of the South, BHam, The Ham Location in Jefferson County in the state of Alabama Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Jefferson, Shelby  - Mayor Bernard Kincaid (D) Area    - City  151. ...

Railroad tracks in downtown Opelika.

To manage this rapid growth, Opelika was incorporated as a town on February 9, 1854. As a result of Opelika's transportation infrastructure, many warehouses for storing cotton and other goods were built. With the onset of the Civil War these warehouses were converted to Confederate supply depots. In 1864 and 1865, Union raids commanded by Lovell Rousseau and James H Wilson attacked Opelika, tearing up the railroads and destroying all government property, including Opelika's warehouses. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... February 9 is the 40th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1854 (MDCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Cotton ready for harvest. ... This article is becoming very long. ... Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God, Our Vindicator) Anthem God Save the South (unofficial) Dixie (traditional) The Bonnie Blue Flag (popular) Capital Montgomery, Alabama (until May 29, 1861) Richmond, Virginia (May 29, 1861–April 2, 1865) Danville, Virginia (from April 3, 1865) Language(s) English (de facto) Government Republic President... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ...

Soon after the end of the war, the Alabama state legislature created a new county out of parts of Macon, Russell, Chambers, and Tallapoosa counties to be named after Confederate general Robert E. Lee. In 1866, citizens of the new "Lee County" voted Opelika as the county seat, despite the fact that Opelika was technically unincorporated after having its charter revoked for abetting the rebellion against the United States. Official language(s) English Capital Montgomery Largest city Birmingham Area  Ranked 30th  - Total 52,419 sq mi (135,765 km²)  - Width 190 miles (306 km)  - Length 330 miles (531 km)  - % water 3. ... A legislature is a type of representative deliberative assembly with the power to adopt laws. ... Macon County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Russell County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Chambers County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Tallapoosa County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... // This article is about the Confederate general. ... 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ...

After Opelika received a new charter in 1870, rapid growth resumed. The town nearly doubled in size between 1870 and 1900. During this time, Opelika began to gain its reputation as a wild, lawless town. Soon after receiving the new charter, city officials attempted to scam outside investors by issuing fake railroad bonds. For this, the town's charter was revoked again in 1872, and the town was administered as a police district by the state legislature for the following year. Opelika's downtown was packed with saloons, and frequent gunfire in the streets led to railroads ordering passengers passing through Opelika to duck beneath the windows to avoid being shot.^{[citation needed]} 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Year 1900 (MCM) was an exceptional common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, but a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. ... Year 1872 (MDCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

In 1882, voters dismissed the incumbent city government. Unwilling to give up power, the city council nullified the election until the courts ruled against them. When the state yet again revoked Opelika's charter, the city leaders took up arms against those that opposed them, and the governor was forced to send in the militia to restore order. Opelika remained under unelected military rule for the sixteen years until 1899, when Opelika's charter was again restored. An election is a decision making process where people choose people to hold official offices. ... For other uses, see Governor (disambiguation). ... Lexington Minuteman representing militia minuteman John Parker. ... Year 1899 (MDCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ...

In 1900, local investors founded the Opelika Cotton Mill as the first textile plant in the city, employing 125. Attempts to expand the textile industry in Opelika continued for the next three decades, and in 1925 city officials were able to use a $62,500 bribe to induce the executives of the Pepperell Manufacturing Co. (now WestPoint International) to construct a large mill just outside of the Opelika city limits. The period between 1930 and 1970 would turn out to be Opelika's heyday, as industrial growth turned Opelika into a regional economic powerhouse. Sunday textile market on the sidewalks of Karachi, Pakistan. ... Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ...

Opelika continued to add factories and other industry throughout the middle years of the twentieth century. In the 1950s, Opelika attracted the nation's first and largest magnetic tape manufacturing plant. In 1963, tire manufacturer Uniroyal constructed a massive plant in Opelika, and around the same time Diversified Products revolutionized the physical fitness equipment industry with products produced their Opelika plant. By the early 1970s, Opelika's industries employed nearly 10,000. (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s The 20th century lasted from 1901 to 2000 in the Gregorian calendar (often from (1900 to 1999 in common usage). ... This does not cite its references or sources. ...

Downtown Opelika, Alabama.

Between the late 1970's and 2005, non-agricultural employment in the Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA grew at a slow and steady pace. Of the goods producing industries, the metropolitan area has experienced the most change in manufacturing, peaking in the late 1980's with declining employment since then. This trend appears to be changing, however, as the number of manufacturing jobs has risen steadily since 2002. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

In the late 1990's, Opelika sought to increase its industrial employment base by purchasing and developing the Northeast Opelika Industrial Park.^[2] Since 1999, two major distribution centers and three tier 1 automotive suppliers have located within the park. The site has also attracted serious interest from automakers Audi, Nissan, and Hyundai. In the summer of 2003, the park was recognized as one of the "South's Best Automotive Assembly Plant Sites" by Southern Business & Development, an industry trade publication. Audi AG is a German automobile manufacturer with headquarters in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, and has been an almost wholly owned (99. ... Nissan Motor Co. ... Hyundai is a South Korean group of companies founded by Chung Joo-young in 1947 as a construction company and was once South Koreas biggest conglomerate company (Jaebul). ...

Opelika has also experienced a boom in retail development. TigerTown, a new 130-acre mixed-use development, will be east Alabama's largest retail center with more than 800,000 square feet of retail space when completed. Located at the intersection of Interstate 85 and Highway 280 in Opelika, TigerTown's tenants include The Home Depot, Target, Best Buy, Starbucks Coffee, PETCO, Office Depot, Hibbett Sports, World Market, Hobby Lobby, and Old Navy, to name a few.

As industrial and retail growth spur the city forward, the city may see an increase in its population. Opelika's population stood in 2000 at 23,638, and after several years of small losses, estimates show Opelika's 2005 population to be 23,804.^[3].

Law and Government

Opelika is governed by a mayor-council government, with a mayor and a five-member city council. Mayor-Council government is one of two variations of government most commonly used in modern representative municipal governments in the United States. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... A city council is the most common style of legislative government in a city or town. ...

The chief executive official of the city of Opelika is the mayor. The mayor is elected at-large for a four-year term. The mayor has complete executive power in the city, and can appoint and dismiss department heads at will. The current mayor of Opelika is Gary Fuller.

The Opelika city council is the legislative body of the city. It passes laws and ordinances, and creates city-wide policy. The city council is made up of five members, chosen for four year terms each from one of five districts. Districts 1 and 2 are arranged to ensure African-American representation on the council, and Districts 3, 4, and 5 are drawn to preserve a white majority. Current council members through 2008 are: Languages Predominantly American English Religions Protestantism (chiefly Baptist and Methodist); Roman Catholicism; Islam Related ethnic groups Sub-Saharan Africans and other African groups, some with Native American groups. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

• District 1 - Patricia Jones
• District 2 - Clarence Harris, Jr.
• District 3 - J. Jerry Teel
• District 4 - Eddie Smith
• District 5 - Bill Lazenby

Geography

Opelika is located in north-central Lee County, Alabama, and is bordered by Auburn, Alabama to the northwest, southwest, and west. Opelika lies in the southern reaches of the Piedmont Plateau, and straddles the divide between the Tallapoosa and the Chattahoochee river watersheds. Opelika has an elevation of 812 feet. Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Nickname: The Loveliest Village on the Plains Location in Lee County, Alabama Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Lee County, Alabama  - Mayor Bill Ham, Jr. ... The James River winds its way among piedmont hills in central Virginia. ... The Tallapoosa River is a river that runs from the southern end of the Appalachian Mountains in Georgia in the United States south and west into Alabama. ... Map showing the Chattahoochee River Basin in Georgia and other Georgia river basins The upper Chattahoochee River at the Upper Chattahoochee River Campground north of Helen, White County, Georgia Chattahoochee River at River Park on Willeo Road, Fulton County, Georgia The Chattahoochee River runs from the Chattahoochee Spring in the...

Opelika is located at 32°38′50″N, 85°23′22″W (32.647183, -85.389404)^GR1.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 138.4 km² (53.4 mi²). 136.7 km² (52.8 mi²) of it is land and 1.7 km² (0.7 mi²) of it (1.24%) is water. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

Economy

Mando Corporation was recruited to Opelika in 2005.

Over the past several years, Opelika’s economy has shifted away from a traditional basis in textile manufacturing. Since 2004, the city has experienced revitalization in many segments of the economy, including commercial, residential and industrial activity. In 2005, Opelika issued permits for almost $188 million in building projects, which set a record for the city. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ...

Recent projects include the 800,000-square-foot Jo-Ann Stores Distribution Center, an employer of 150 with plans to expand to 425 employees. Other new, large employers include Maxforma Plastics (a supplier for Hyundai) and Gambro Renal Products (a Swedish manufacturer of dialyzers for kidney dialysis). Gambro made the largest single initial investment in Lee County’s history of $110 million. For the 2005 fiscal year, new industries made investments of $170 million.

In addition to new industries moving to the city, two existing industries have announced plans to expand their operations. Twin City Wholesale made a capital investment of $2 million and brought on 10 new employees. The Opelika-Auburn News (now a Media General Company) plans to build a new publishing center, which will bring a capital investment of $13.5 million and add 20 additional employees. The grand total of investments from new and existing industries in 2005 was $191.5 million.

The Tiger Town retail shopping complex continues to expand its commercial developments with the recent openings of Hobby Lobby and World Market and the 2006 opening of The Olive Garden restaurant.

Opelika has received several honors over the last several years for its success in attracting new business. In 2004, the city of Opelika's Economic Development Department was named one of the top 10 economic development groups in North America by Site Selection magazine, a national industry trade publication covering corporate real estate management and economic development. Site Selection again recognized the efforts of the Opelika Economic Development Department in its Top Groups 2005 list in the Honorable Mention category.

In early 2006, the Economic Development Association of Alabama named Opelika the top community in Alabama for business recruitment for the year 2005. Opelika also received the #1 rank in the South as “Small Market of the Year” by Southern Business and Development magazine, a professional publication that helps corporations around the country (and world) in their expansion, relocation and development decisions. The city earned its #1 status through its success in bringing Gambro, Jo-Ann, Maxforma, Benteler and Mando Corporation to the community in 2005.

Education

Opelika is home to a branch of Southern Union Community College. Southern Union is a two-year community and technical college offering academic, industrial, and health sciences training. Southern Union is the only two-year college in Lee County, and is the largest two-year campus in the region. South Union employs 72 full-time and 137 part-time employees. It’s enrollment stands at approximately 2,718 in the academic division and 1,600 in the technical division. Current technical programs include: Automotive Technology, Business Management and Supervision, Computer Science, Drafting and Design Technology, Heating and Air Conditioning Technology, Industrial Electricity/Electronics Technology, Industrial Maintenance Technology, Machine Shop Technology, Office Administration, Accounting, General Secretarial, Welding Technology, and Word Processing.

The Auburn-Opelika, AL MSA is also home to Auburn University. Auburn University was founded in 1856 and is one of the largest universities in the South. The university employs approximately 1,176 full time faculty and, in the fall of 2005, enrolled 23,333 students. The faculty to student ratio is 1:16.

Opelika City Schools is accredited by the Alabama State Department of Education and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The school system enrolls approximately 4,500 students on nine campuses. Opelika has three primary schools with grades K-2, three intermediate schools with grades 3-5, one middle school with grades 6-8, one high school Opelika High School with grades 9-12, and one at-risk school. Opelika's schools have traditionally had strong programs in technology and the arts.

58.7% of teachers in the public school system hold advanced degrees. In 2005, the system graduated 267 students. Opelika City Schools system met its state accountability goals (2005-2006 AYP Status: Made AYP) for 2005-2006.

In recent years, Opelika’s percentage of students on free or reduced lunches rose to 58.66% during the 2005-2006 school year. Concurrently, its average scores on statewide standardized tests fell (though the most recent scores on the High School Graduation Exam were at or above the state average in three of the five subjects measured). The impact of the percentage of students receiving free or reduced lunches on standardized tests outcomes can significantly affect how achievement is measured. According to research conducted by the Public Affairs Research Council of Alabama, Opelika City Schools performed above the expected results for a school with the number of children enrolled who are receiving free or reduced lunch.

Recreation

The Auburn-Opelika Metropolitan Statistical Area was recently named by Golf Digest as the #1 area for golf in the United States. One part of the reason this area received this ranking is that Opelika is home to Robert Trent Jones Grand National. The site for the course, which hugs the edge of Lake Saugahatchee in Opelika's northwest, was described by Jones as the "single greatest" site for a golf complex that he had ever seen. The course, which is considered to be the jewel of Alabama's Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail, has hosted a number of national tournaments, including the 1997 Nike Tour championship, the 1998 LPGA Tournament of Champions, and the 2000 NCAA Men's Division 1 National Championship. The region's moderate climate in the location of several other world-class golf facilities in adjacent Auburn also played a part in this selection. The Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail is a collection of nine championship caliber golf courses, designed by Robert Trent Jones, Sr. ...

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 23,498 people, 9,200 households, and 6,357 families residing in the city. The population density was 171.9/km² (445.3/mi²). There were 10,281 housing units at an average density of 75.2/km² (194.8/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 55.03% White, 42.89% Black, 0.19% Native American, 0.93% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.27% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. 1.07% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 1870 US Census for New York City A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ...

There were 9,200 households out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.9% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 3.02. “Matrimony” redirects here. ...

In the city the population was spread out with 27.6% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 87.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,397, and the median income for a family was $43,200. Males had a median income of $31,237 versus $21,819 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,023. About 14.9% of families and 17.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.2% of those under age 18 and 14.9% of those age 65 or over. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

Notable People from Opelika

• Joe Beckwith - former Major League baseball pitcher with the 1985 World Series champion Kansas City Royals
• Brad Cotter - country music singer

William Dickinson--U.S. Congressman from 1965 to 1993 Thomas Joseph Beckwith (Born January 28, 1955) in Opelika, Alabama, is a retired Major League Baseball pitcher. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The 1985 World Series, popularly known as the Show-Me Series and the I-70 showdown Series, pitted the National League champion St. ... Major league affiliations American League (1969–present) Central Division (1994–present) Current uniform Retired Numbers 5, 10, 20, 42 Name Kansas City Royals (1969–present) Ballpark Kauffman Stadium (1973–present) a. ... Brad Cotter is the 2004 winner of the Nashville Star country music talent competition, aired on the USA Network. ... This article includes a list of works cited but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Ercole de Roberti: Concert, c. ...

• Billy Hitchcock - former Atlanta Braves manager
• Roy Lee Jackson - former Major League baseball player
• Rob Penny - Afro-American playwright
• James Voss - NASA astronaut
• Robert L. Howard - soldier of the U.S. Army
• Lee W. Smith - United States Diplomat - Department of State

William Clyde Hitchcock (born July 31, 1916, Inverness, Alabama) is a retired infielder, coach, manager and scout in American Major League Baseball. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Roy Lee Jackson (born May 1, 1954 in Opelika, Alabama) was a Pitcher for the New York Mets (1977-80), Toronto Blue Jays (1981-84), San Diego Padres (1985) and Minnesota Twins (1986). ... Robert Lee Rob Penny (1941–2003) was an American playwright, poet, and professor. ... African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... Template:Unsourced A playwright, also known as a dramatist, is someone who writes dramatic literature or drama. ... James S. Voss (Col. ... This article is about the American space agency. ... For other uses, see Astronaut (disambiguation). ... Robert L. Howard (b. ...

Opelika in Film

Parts of the 1979 movie Norma Rae were filmed in Opelika. Opelika is mentioned in the Academy Award-winning film Driving Miss Daisy' Jonathan Heath Smith- A local celebrity from the Auburn Metropolitan Area called Beulah, Alabama. He is known in the "South" by most and a living legend in the small town of Beulah. For the song by the Smashing Pumpkins, see 1979 (song). ... Norma Rae is a 1979 film which tells the story of a woman from a small town in the Southern United States who becomes involved in the labor union activities at the textile factory where she works. ... Although he never won an Oscar for any of his movie performances, the comedian Bob Hope received two honorary Oscars for his contributions to cinema. ... Driving Miss Daisy is a 1987 play by Alfred Uhry adapted into a 1989 Warner Bros. ...

Opelika in Music

Bubba Sparxxx mentions Opelika, Alabama in his song "Nowhere" from the album Deliverance. Bubba Sparxxx (born Warren Anderson Mathis on March 6, 1977, in LaGrange, Georgia) is a Southern rapper. ... Deliverance is the title of the sophomore album by American rapper Bubba Sparxxx, released on September 16, 2003 by Interscope Records. ...

Johnny Cash mentions Opelika, Alabama in his song "I've Been Everywhere" Johnny Cash (born J. R. Cash, February 26, 1932 – September 12, 2003) was a multi Grammy Award-winning influential American country and rock and roll singer and songwriter. ...

The Pine Hill Haints have a song called Opelika Train The Pine Hill Haints are a traditional bluegrass/folk/honky tonk/country band from Alabama, though the band members themselves describe their unique southern roots music as “Alabama Ghost Music. ...

Opelika in Fiction

• Caroline Ivey's characters in her novel Family visit Opelika.

Notes and references

The comma-separated values (or CSV; also known as a comma-separated list or Comma-Separated Variable) file format is a file type that stores tabular data. ... June 21 is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 193 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ...

External links

• Maps and aerial photos Coordinates: 32.647183° -85.389404°
  • Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
  • Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
  • Topographic map from TopoZone
  • Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA

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Regions	Birmingham District | Black Belt | Central Alabama | Greater Birmingham | Lower Alabama | Mobile Bay | North Alabama | Northeast Alabama | South Alabama This list of regions of the United States includes official (governmental) and non-official areas within the borders of the United States, not including U.S. states, the federal district of Washington, D.C. or standard subentities such as cities or counties. ... The Birmingham District refers to a geological area in the vicinity of Birmingham, Alabama where the raw materials for making steel, limestone, iron ore, and coal are found together in abundance. ... Alabamas Black Belt is a region of the state encompassing part of the larger Black Belt Region of the Southern United States, which stretches from Texas to Virginia. ... Central Alabama is the region in the state of Alabama that stretches approximately 170 miles from the western border with Mississippi to eastern border with Georgia and 136 miles from the northern border of Cullman County to the Alabama River in southern Autauga County. ... Birmingham-Hoover-Cullman Combined Statistical Area The Birmingham-Hoover-Cullman Combined Statistical Area sometimes known as Greater Birmingham, is made up of 8 counties in Central Alabama. ... Lower Alabama is a term used to describe various parts of southern Alabama. ... Mobile Bay - Landsat photo Mobile Bay is an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, lying within the state of Alabama in the United States. ... North Alabama is a region of the U.S. state of Alabama, generally thought to include these 11 counties: Cherokee, Colbert, DeKalb, Franklin, Jackson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, Marshall, Morgan, and Winston. ... Northeast Alabama includes the cities of Anniston, Gadsden, Talladega, and their surrounding areas in the state of Alabama. ... South Alabama is a term used to describe various parts of southern Alabama. ...
Major cities	Anniston | Auburn | Birmingham | Decatur | Dothan | Florence | Gadsden | Hoover | Huntsville | Mobile | Montgomery | Tuscaloosa This list of current cities, towns, and unincorporated communities in the U.S. State of Alabama also includes a list of the principal counties in which each place is located. ... Nickname: The Model City Location in Alabama Coordinates: County Calhoun Settled April 1872 Incorporated 3 July 1883 Mayor Hoyt W. “Chip” Howell, Jr. ... Nickname: The Loveliest Village on the Plains Location in Lee County, Alabama Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Lee County, Alabama  - Mayor Bill Ham, Jr. ... Nickname: The Magic City, Pittsburgh of the South, BHam, The Ham Location in Jefferson County in the state of Alabama Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Jefferson, Shelby  - Mayor Bernard Kincaid (D) Area    - City  151. ... Decatur, Alabama is a city in Morgan County, Alabama, with a small portion in southern Limestone County. ... Dothan is a city located in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Florence Florence city is the seat of Lauderdale County which is situated in the northwest corner of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... The Spirit of American Citizenship Monument on Rainbow Drive (US 411), just before the Broad Street Bridge. ... Hoover is a city in Jefferson and Shelby counties in middle central Alabama. ... Nickname: Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Madison, Limestone Government  - Mayor Loretta Spencer Area  - City 174. ... Nickname: The Azalea City Coordinates: Country US State Alabama County Mobile Founded 1702 Incorporated 1814 Government  - Mayor Sam Jones Area  - City 412. ... Coordinates: Country United States State Alabama County Montgomery Incorporated December 3, 1819 Mayor Bobby Bright Area    - City 404. ... Tuscaloosa is a city in west central Alabama in the southern United States. ...
Counties	Autauga | Baldwin | Barbour | Bibb | Blount | Bullock | Butler | Calhoun | Chambers | Cherokee | Chilton | Choctaw | Clarke | Clay | Cleburne | Coffee | Colbert | Conecuh | Coosa | Covington | Crenshaw | Cullman | Dale | Dallas | DeKalb | Elmore | Escambia | Etowah | Fayette | Franklin | Geneva | Greene | Hale | Henry | Houston | Jackson | Jefferson | Lamar | Lauderdale | Lawrence | Lee | Limestone | Lowndes | Macon | Madison | Marengo | Marion | Marshall | Mobile | Monroe | Montgomery | Morgan | Perry | Pickens | Pike | Randolph | Russell | Shelby | St. Clair | Sumter | Talladega | Tallapoosa | Tuscaloosa | Walker | Washington | Wilcox | Winston List of 67 counties in the U.S. state of Alabama: Autauga County Baldwin County Barbour County Bibb County Blount County Bullock County Butler County Calhoun County Chambers County Cherokee County Chilton County Choctaw County Clarke County Clay County Cleburne County Coffee County Colbert County Conecuh County Coosa County Covington... Autauga County, Alabama is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Baldwin County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Barbour County, Alabama is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Bibb County, Alabama is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Blount County is a county located in the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Bullock County, Alabama is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Butler County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Calhoun County, Alabama is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Chambers County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Cherokee County, Alabama is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Chilton County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Choctaw County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Clarke County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Clay County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Cleburne County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Coffee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Colbert County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Conecuh County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Coosa County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Covington County, Alabama is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Crenshaw County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Cullman County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Dale County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Dallas County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... DeKalb County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Elmore County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Escambia County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Etowah County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Fayette County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Franklin County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Geneva County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Greene County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Hale County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Henry County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Houston County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Jackson County is a county of the State of Alabama, and is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Metro Area. ... Location in the state of Alabama Formed December 13, 1819 Seat Birmingham Area  - Total  - Water 2,911 km² (1,124 mi²) 29 km² (11 mi²) 1. ... Lamar County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Lauderdale County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Lawrence County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Lee County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Limestone County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Lowndes County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Macon County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Madison County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama, and is a major part of the Huntsville-Decatur Metro Area. ... Marengo County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Marion County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Marshall County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Mobile County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Monroe County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Montgomery County is a county in the State of Alabama. ... Morgan County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Perry County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Pickens County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Pike County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Randolph County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Russell County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Shelby County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama and is named in honor of Isaac Shelby, Governor of Kentucky. ... St. ... Sumter County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Talladega County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Tallapoosa County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Tuscaloosa County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Walker County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. ... Washington County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Wilcox County is a county of the State of Alabama. ... Winston County is a county of the State of Alabama. ...