Operation Flood was the name of rural development programme started by by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB), India in 1970. It has been one of the largest program of its kind. The objective of the programme was to create a nationwide Milk grid. The National Dairy Development Board is an institution of national importance setup by an Act of Parliament of India. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... A glass of cows milk Milk most often means the nutrient fluid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals. ...

It resulted into making India, a largest producer of milk and milk products, so it is also called White Revolution of India. It also helped to resolve malpractices by the milk traders and merchants. This revolution followed the green revolution and helped in alleviating poverty and famine levels from dangerous proportions in India during the era. A glass of cows milk Milk most often means the nutrient fluid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals. ... For the 1969 green revolution in Libya see Muammar al-Qaddafi and the History of Libya. ...

Amul (Anand Milk Union Limited) was the engine behind the success of Operation Flood.

Introduction

Operation Flood has helped dairy farmers direct their own development, placing control of the resources they create in their own hands. A National Milk Grid links milk producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets a major share of the consumers' rupee. Dairy farm near Oxford, New York A dairy is a facility for the extraction and processing of animal milk (mostly from cows, sometimes from buffalo, sheep or goats) and other farm animals, for human consumption. ...

The bedrock of Operation Flood has been village milk producers' cooperatives, which procure milk and provide inputs and services, making modern management and technology available to members. Operation Flood's objectives included : A cooperative (also co-operative or co-op) comprises a legal entity owned and democratically controlled by its members, with no passive shareholders. ...

• Increase milk production ("a flood of milk")
• Augment rural incomes
• Fair prices for consumers

Programme Implementation

Operation Flood was implemented in three phases.

Phase I

Phase I (1970-1980) was financed by the sale of skimmed milk powder and butter oil gifted by the European Union then EEC through the World Food Programme. NDDB planned the programme and negotiated the details of EEC assistance. 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... Possible meanings: Energy Efficiency Centre Energy Efficiency in Construction Engineering Education Centre Eurocontrol Experimental Centre European Economic Community, former name of the now-called European Community European Egg Consortium Extended Error Correction, see RAM parity This page concerning a three-letter acronym or abbreviation is a disambiguation page — a navigational... The World Food Programme (WFP) is an agency of the United Nations which distributes food commodities to support development projects, to long-term refugees and displaced persons and as emergency food assistance in situations of natural and man-made disasters. ...

During its first phase, Operation Flood linked 18 of India's premier milksheds with consumers in India's four major metropolitan cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta and Chennai. This article deals with the metropolis of Delhi. ... Mumbai (Hindi / Marathi: मुंबई) (pronounced ), formerly known as Bombay is the capital of the state of Maharashtra, and the most populous city of India, with an estimated metropolitan population of about 12 million (2005). ... This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ... Chennai (சென்னை in Tamil), formerly known as Madras, is the capital of the state of Tamil Nadu and is Indias fourth largest metropolitan city. ...

Phase II

Operation Flood's Phase II (1981-1985) increased the milksheds from 18 to 136; 290 urban markets expanded the outlets for milk. By the end of 1985, a self-sustaining system of 43,000 village cooperatives covering 4.25 million milk producers had become a reality. Domestic milk powder production increased from 22,000 tons in the pre-project year to 140,000 tons by 1989, all of the increase coming from dairies set up under Operation Flood. In this way EEC gifts and World Bank loan helped to promote self-reliance. Direct marketing of milk by producers' cooperatives increased by several million litres a day. 1981 (MCMLXXXI in Roman) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ...

Phase III

Phase III (1985-1996) enabled dairy cooperatives to expand and strengthen the infrastructure required to procure and market increasing volumes of milk. Veterinary first-aid health care services, feed and artificial insemination services for cooperative members were extended, along with intensified member education. This article is about the year. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) is a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ...

Operation Flood's Phase III consolidated India's dairy cooperative movement, adding 30,000 new dairy cooperatives to the 42,000 existing societies organized during Phase II. Milksheds peaked to 173 in 1988-89 with the numbers of women members and Women's Dairy Cooperative Societies increasing significantly.

Phase III gave increased emphasis to research and development in animal health and animal nutrition. Innovations like vaccine for Theileriosis, bypass protein feed and urea-molasses mineral blocks, all contributed to the enhanced productivity of milch animals. A vaccine is an antigenic preparation used to produce active immunity to a disease, in order to prevent or ameliorate the effects of infection by any natural or wild strain of the organism. ...

Summary

From the outset, Operation Flood was conceived and implemented as much more than a dairy programme. Rather, dairying was seen as an instrument of development, generating employment and regular incomes for millions of rural people.

World Bank Report 1997 Says: Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII. Now, its mission has expanded to fight poverty by means... 1997 (MCMXCVII in Roman) is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Operation Flood can be viewed as a twenty year experiment confirming the Rural Development Vision

External links

• Operation Flood on NDDB